Astrophyllite Supergroup
A group of related mineral species
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About Astrophyllite Supergroup
Formula:
A2pBrC7D2(T4O12)2Xod2XoA4XpdnWa2
C [cations at the M(1–4) sites in the O sheet] = Fe2+, Mn, Na, Mg, Zn, Fe3+, Ca, Zr, Li
D [cations in the H sheets]= [6,5] Ti, Nb, Zr, Sn4+,[5]Fe3+, Mg, Al
T = Si, Al
A2pFrIWA2 (I block) were p & r = 1,2
A = K, Cs, Ba, H2O, Li, Rb, Pb2+, Na, ◻
B = Na, Ca, Ba, H2O, ◻
XoD = O
XoA = OH, F
XpD = F, O, OH, H2O, ◻ (n = 0, 1, 2)
Wa = H2O, ◻
D [cations in the H sheets]= [6,5] Ti, Nb, Zr, Sn4+,[5]Fe3+, Mg, Al
T = Si, Al
A2pFrIWA2 (I block) were p & r = 1,2
A = K, Cs, Ba, H2O, Li, Rb, Pb2+, Na, ◻
B = Na, Ca, Ba, H2O, ◻
XoD = O
XoA = OH, F
XpD = F, O, OH, H2O, ◻ (n = 0, 1, 2)
Wa = H2O, ◻
The astrophyllite supergroup is a supergroup approved by the CNMNC-IMA. The main structural unit is the HOH block, with 3 HOH sheets; the H sheet is built of T4O12 astrophyllite ribbon. The HOH blocks alternate with intermediate (I) blocks along [001].
The astrophyllite supergroup is divided in 3 groups:
Astrophyllite group: HOH blocks link via D-XPD-D bridges; Fe3+ dominates at the C7 site.
Kupletskite group: as above, but the C7 site is dominated by Mn2+.
Devitoite group: HOH blocks does not link via D-XPD-D bridges.
The astrophyllite supergroup is divided in 3 groups:
Astrophyllite group: HOH blocks link via D-XPD-D bridges; Fe3+ dominates at the C7 site.
Kupletskite group: as above, but the C7 site is dominated by Mn2+.
Devitoite group: HOH blocks does not link via D-XPD-D bridges.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
29273
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:29273:1
IMA Classification of Astrophyllite Supergroup
IMA status notes:
IMA Approved Group Name
First published:
2009
Approval history:
New classification approved (IMA proposal 15-B)
Chemistry of Astrophyllite Supergroup
Mindat Formula:
A2pBrC7D2(T4O12)2Xod2XoA4XpdnWa2
C [cations at the M(1–4) sites in the O sheet] = Fe2+, Mn, Na, Mg, Zn, Fe3+, Ca, Zr, Li
D [cations in the H sheets]= [6,5] Ti, Nb, Zr, Sn4+,[5]Fe3+, Mg, Al
T = Si, Al
A2pFrIWA2 (I block) were p & r = 1,2
A = K, Cs, Ba, H2O, Li, Rb, Pb2+, Na, ◻
B = Na, Ca, Ba, H2O, ◻
XoD = O
XoA = OH, F
XpD = F, O, OH, H2O, ◻ (n = 0, 1, 2)
Wa = H2O, ◻
C [cations at the M(1–4) sites in the O sheet] = Fe2+, Mn, Na, Mg, Zn, Fe3+, Ca, Zr, Li
D [cations in the H sheets]= [6,5] Ti, Nb, Zr, Sn4+,[5]Fe3+, Mg, Al
T = Si, Al
A2pFrIWA2 (I block) were p & r = 1,2
A = K, Cs, Ba, H2O, Li, Rb, Pb2+, Na, ◻
B = Na, Ca, Ba, H2O, ◻
XoD = O
XoA = OH, F
XpD = F, O, OH, H2O, ◻ (n = 0, 1, 2)
Wa = H2O, ◻
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Na2O | 2.68 % | 3.52 % | 5.70 % |
| K2O | 5.21 % | 5.69 % | 2.33 % |
| Rb2O | 1.05 % | 0.37 % | 0.82 % |
| Cs2O | 1.35 % | 0.03 % | 0.12 % |
| CaO | 1.00 % | 0.41 % | 0.03 % |
| SrO | 0.10 % | 0.07 % | |
| MgO | 1.11 % | 0.36 % | 0.30 % |
| MnO | 13.99 % | 17.63 % | 32.50 % |
| FeO | 18.45 % | 16.01 % | 0.14 % |
| ZnO | 0.49 % | 0.47 % | 1.34 % |
| Al2O3 | 1.01 % | 0.10 % | |
| Ce2O3 | 0.31 % | 0.23 % | |
| TiO2 | 9.20 % | 9.74 % | 10.37 % |
| SnO3 | 0.23 % | ||
| ZrO2 | 1.69 % | 1.07 % | 0.53 % |
| Nb2O5 | 2.81 % | 2.27 % | 1.67 % |
| SiO2 | 33.98 % | 34.92 % | 35.17 % |
| F | 1.38 % | 1.65 % | 1.49 % |
| H2O | 2.65 % | 2.52 % | 4.12 % |
| O=F | -0.58 % | -0.69 % | -0.63 % |
| Ta2O5 | 0.09 % | ||
| PbO | 0.22 % | ||
| Total: | 98.11 % | 96.46 % | 96.22 % |
Empirical formulas:
| Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
|---|---|
| 3 | (Na1.18K0.68Rb0.12Cs0.01Pb0.01)Σ2Na1.00(Mn6.29Zn0.23Mg0.07Zr0.04Fe2+0.03Ca0.01Na0.34)Σ7.01(Ti1.78Nb0.17Mg0.03Zr0.02)Σ2(Si8.03O24)O2[(OH)3.92F0.08]Σ4F1.00[(H2O)1.18◻0.82]Σ2 |
Sample references:
| ID | Type | Locality | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | NOR 1 (RW-1) | Eudidymite-Epididymite locality, Vesle Arøya, Larvik Commune, Vestfold, Norway | ||
| 2 | NOR3 (RW-3) | Gjerdingselva, Lunner, Akershus, Norway | ||
| 3 | Type Specimen | Bratthagen 1, Lågendalen, Hedrum, Larvik Commune, Vestfold, Norway | Sokolova, Elena, Day, Maxwell C., Hawthorne, Frank C., Kristiansen, Roy (2018) Heyerdahlite, Na3Mn7Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)4F(H2O)2, a new mineral of the astrophyllite supergroup from the Larvik Plutonic complex, Norway: Description and crystal structure. Mineralogical Magazine, 82 (2). 243-255 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.051 | Electron-microprobe. Unit formula calculated on 32.18 (O +F)apfu with OH+F= 5pfu and H2O= 1.18pfu |
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0018570 | Sveinbergeite | Khomyakov A P, Camara F, Sokolova E, Abdu Y, Hawthorne F C (2011) Sveinbergeite, Ca(Fe2+6Fe3+)Ti2(Si4O12)2O2(OH)5(H2O)4, a new astrophyllite-group mineral from the Larvik Plutonic Complex, Oslo Region, Norway: description and crystal structure Mineralogical Magazine 75 2687-2702 | 2011 | Larvik Plutonic Complex, Oslo Region, Norway | 0 | 293 | |
| 0006313 | Devitoite | Kampf A R, Rossman G R, Steele I M, Pluth J J, Dunning G E, Walstrom R E (2010) Devitoite, a new heterophyllosilicate mineral with astrophyllite-like layers from eastern Fresno County, California The Canadian Mineralogist 48 29-40 | 2010 | Big Creek, eastern Fresno County, California | 0 | 293 | |
| 0006310 | Kupletskite-(Cs) | Camara F, Sokolova E, Abdu Y, Hawthorne F C (2010) The crystal structures of niobophyllite, kupletskite-(Cs) and Sn-rich astrophyllite: Revisions to the crystal chemistry of the astrophyllite-group minerals The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1-16 | 2010 | Dara-i-Pioz glacier, Tien-Shan mountains, northern Tajikistan | 0 | 293 | |
| 0006309 | Niobophyllite | Camara F, Sokolova E, Abdu Y, Hawthorne F C (2010) The crystal structures of niobophyllite, kupletskite-(Cs) and Sn-rich astrophyllite: Revisions to the crystal chemistry of the astrophyllite-group minerals The Canadian Mineralogist 48 1-16 | 2010 | Seal Lake, Labrador, Canada | 0 | 293 | |
| 0006189 | Nalivkinite | Uvarova Y A, Sokolova E, Hawthorne F C, Agakhanov A A, Pautov L A (2008) The crystal structure of nalivkinite, a new lithium member of the astrophyllite group The Canadian Mineralogist 46 651-659 | ![]() | 2008 | Tien-Shan Mountains, northern Tajikistan | 0 | 293 |
| 0007257 | Astrophyllite | Sokolova E, Camara F (2008) Re-investigation of the crystal structure of magnesium astrophyllite European Journal of Mineralogy 20 253-260 | 2008 | Mt. Yukspor, Khibina alkaline massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005821 | Niobokupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005820 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | altered nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005817 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005816 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005815 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005814 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005813 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005812 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005811 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005810 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005808 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | Lovozero massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 |
| 0005807 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | Lovozero massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 |
| 0005804 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | Gjerdingen intrusion, Norway | 0 | 293 |
| 0005819 | Astrophyllite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | nepheline syenite pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005818 | Astrophyllite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | aplite/pegmatite at Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0005809 | Astrophyllite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | granitic pegmatite at Mount Rosa, Pikes Peak, Colorado, USA | 0 | 293 |
| 0005806 | Astrophyllite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | Khibina massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 |
| 0005805 | Astrophyllite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | Khibina massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 |
| 0005803 | Astrophyllite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | Langesundsfjord area, Oslo Rift Valley, Norway | 0 | 293 |
| 0005802 | Astrophyllite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, Lalonde A E (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals II: Crystal chemistry The Canadian Mineralogist 41 27-54 | ![]() | 2003 | Seal Lake, Labrador, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0006908 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, LaLonde A E (2001) Kupletskite polytypes from the Lovozero massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia: Kupletskite-1A and kupletskite-Ma2b2c European Journal of Mineralogy 13 973-984 | 2001 | Lovozero massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0006907 | Kupletskite | Piilonen P C, McDonald A M, LaLonde A E (2001) Kupletskite polytypes from the Lovozero massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia: Kupletskite-1A and kupletskite-Ma2b2c European Journal of Mineralogy 13 973-984 | 2001 | Lovozero massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0005648 | Niobokupletskite | Piilonen P C, Lalonde A E, McDonald A M, Gault R A (2000) Niobokupletskite, a new astrophyllite-group mineral from Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada: Description and crystal structure The Canadian Mineralogist 38 627-639 | ![]() | 2000 | Mont Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada | 0 | 293 |
| 0009902 | Lobanovite | Shi N, Ma Z, Li G, Yamnova M A, Pushcharovsky D Y (1998) Structure refinement of monoclinic astrophyllite Acta Crystallographica B54 109-114 | ![]() | 1998 | Khibina alkaline massif, Russia | 0 | 293 |
| 0009310 | Astrophyllite | Woodrow P J (1967) The crystal structure of astrophyllite Acta Crystallographica 22 673-678 | ![]() | 1967 | El Paso County, Colorado, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Other Language Names for Astrophyllite Supergroup
Relationship of Astrophyllite Supergroup to other Species
Astrophyllite Supergroup Members:
| Astrophyllite Group | ||
| Astrophyllite | K2NaFe2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Bulgakite | Li2CaFe2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O(H2O)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| 'Hydroastrophyllite' | [H3O]+2CaFe2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O | Tric. |
| Nalivkinite | Li2NaFe2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F(H2O)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Niobophyllite | K2NaFe2+7(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O | Tric. |
| Tarbagataite | (K◻)CaFe2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4(OH) | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Zircophyllite | K2NaFe2+7Zr2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F | Tric. |
| Devitoite Group | ||
| Devitoite | Ba4Ba2Fe2+7Fe3+2[Si4O12]2[PO4]2[CO3]O2(OH)4◻2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Lobanovite | K2Na(Fe2+4Mg2Na)Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4◻ | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Sveinbergeite | (H2O)2[Ca(H2O)](Fe2+6Fe3+)Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4[(OH)(H2O)] | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Kupletskite Group | ||
| Heyerdahlite | Na2NaMn2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F(H2O)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Kupletskite | K2NaMn2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Kupletskite-(Cs) | Cs2NaMn2+7Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Laverovite | K2NaMn2+7Zr2[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4F | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Niobokupletskite | K2NaMn2+7(NbTi)[Si4O12]2O2(OH)4O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Click on any node to view relationships. Formula-derived relationship network for the group members above. Use Find related species to add formula-neighbour species outside the current group view. Solid links show inferred chemical differences; dashed violet links show same-formula crystallographic differences. Hydration states are not treated as relationship changes. These relationships do not imply any real-world substitution reactions between these species.
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Astrophyllite Supergroup
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References for Astrophyllite Supergroup
Reference List:
Piilonen, P. C., Lalonde, A. E., McDonald, A. M., Gault, R. A., Larsen, A. O. (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals. I. Nomenclature, composition and development of standardized general formula. The Canadian Mineralogist, 41 (1). 1-26 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.41.1.1
Piilonen, P. C., McDonald, A. M., Lalonde, A. E. (2003) Insights into astrophyllite-group minerals. II. Crystal chemistry. The Canadian Mineralogist, 41 (1). 27-54 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.41.1.27
Mills, Stuart J., Hatert, Frédéric, Nickel, Ernest H., Ferraris, Giovanni (2009) The standardisation of mineral group hierarchies: application to recent nomenclature proposals. European Journal of Mineralogy, 21 (5) 1073-1080 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1994
Localities for Astrophyllite Supergroup
Showing 359 localities.
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.











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The
Buer, Vesterøya, Sandefjord, Vestfold, Norway