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Khatyrkite

A valid IMA mineral species
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01742210017769736593739.jpg
Khatyrkite, etc.

Khatyrka meteorite, Iomrautvaam massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
06556610017769736598424.jpg
Khatyrkite, etc.

KT01 micrometeorite, Northern State, Sudan
01742210017769736593739.jpg
Khatyrkite, etc.

Khatyrka meteorite, Iomrautvaam massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
07750010017762573716493.jpg
Khatyrkite, etc.

KT01 micrometeorite, Northern State, Sudan
07641650017769732978053.jpg
Khatyrkite, etc.

Khatyrka meteorite, Iomrautvaam massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
07750010017762573716493.jpg
Khatyrkite, etc.

KT01 micrometeorite, Northern State, Sudan
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About KhatyrkiteHide

Formula:
(Cu,Zn)Al2
Colour:
Greyish-yellow
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
5½
Specific Gravity:
4.42 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named for the Khatyrka River, the type locality.
This page provides mineralogical data about Khatyrkite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2197
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2197:1

IMA Classification of KhatyrkiteHide

Classification of KhatyrkiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
1.AA.15

1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
A : Copper-cupalite family
Dana 7th ed.:
1.1.23.2
Dana 8th ed.:
1.1.15.2

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
1 : Metals, other than the Platinum Group
Hey's CIM Ref.:
1.22

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
KtkIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of KhatyrkiteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Greyish-yellow
Hardness:
5½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=511 - 568 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Malleable
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{100}, distinct.
Density:
4.42 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of KhatyrkiteHide

Anisotropism:
Distinct, grayish yellow to brownish red.
Colour in reflected light:
isotropic sections are pale blue, anisotropic sections are blue to creamy pink

Chemistry of KhatyrkiteHide

Mindat Formula:
(Cu,Zn)Al2
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Cu54.078 %
Al45.923 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Cu
Al
Elements listed:
Al, Cu, Zn - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KhatyrkiteHide

Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I4/mcm
Setting:
I4/mcm
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.06(1) Å, c = 4.87(1) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.804
Unit Cell V:
178.84 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0013668KhatyrkiteMeetsma A, de Boer J L, van Smaalen S (1989) Refinement of the crystal structure of tetragonal Al2Cu Journal of Solid State Chemistry 83 370-3721989synthetic0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
4.27 Å(10)
2.119 Å(8)
2.372 Å(7)
1.920 Å(7)
3.04 Å(5)
1.894 Å(4)
2.156 Å(2)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration4.566-4.550
6 : Secondary asteroid phases4.566-4.560

Type Occurrence of KhatyrkiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Khatyrka meteorite, Iomrautvaam massif, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia
General Appearance of Type Material:
As prismatic crystals, to 400 µm, and intimately intergrown with cupalite in small grains
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mining Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1687/1.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Meteorite panned from river.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Cupalite
Reference:
Razin, L.V., Rudashevskij, N.S., and Vyalsov, L.N. (1985) New natural intermetallic compounds of aluminium, copper and zinc—khatyrkite CuAl2, cupalite, CuAl and zinc aluminides—from hyperbasites of dunite-harzburgite formation. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 114: 90–100 (in Russian).

Synonyms of KhatyrkiteHide

Other Language Names for KhatyrkiteHide

German:Khatyrkit
Simplified Chinese:铝锌铜矿
Spanish:Khatyrkita
Traditional Chinese:鋁鋅銅礦

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
5 photos of Khatyrkite associated with StolperiteAlCu
2 photos of Khatyrkite associated with Kryachkoite(Al,Cu)6(Fe,Cu)
2 photos of Khatyrkite associated with Native IronFe
1 photo of Khatyrkite associated with Native AluminiumAl
1 photo of Khatyrkite associated with HollisteriteAl3Fe
1 photo of Khatyrkite associated with IcosahedriteAl63Cu24Fe13
1 photo of Khatyrkite associated with ForsteriteMg2(SiO4)
1 photo of Khatyrkite associated with 'Unnamed (Al-Cu Alloy)'Cu3Al2 (?)

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

1.AA.JonlarseniteAl4Cu9Iso. 43m : P43m
1.AA.PratesiiteAgCuTe2Orth. mm2 : Pmm2
1.AA.05Native LeadPbIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05aAuricupride Subgroup
1.AA.05Native NickelNiIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05Native SilverAgIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05'UM2004-08-E:AuCuPd'Cu2PdAu
1.AA.05'UM1991-06-E:AuCu'Au3Cu
1.AA.05Native AluminiumAlIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05SteinhardtiteAl0.38Ni0.32Fe0.30Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Im3m
1.AA.05Native GoldAuIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05Native CopperCuIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Fm3m
1.AA.05Copper Group
1.AA.10aCuproaurideCu3Au
1.AA.10bTetra-auricuprideAuCuTet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : P4/mmm
1.AA.10aAuricuprideCu3AuIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Pm3m
1.AA.10Nickel Group
1.AA.15AnyuiiteAuPb2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) : I4/mcm
1.AA.15NovodnepriteAuPb3Tet. 42m : I42m
1.AA.15'UM1985-02-E:AlZn'(Zn,Cu)Al2
1.AA.20Cupalite(Cu,Zn)AlOrth.
1.AA.25HunchuniteAu2PbIso. m3m(4/m32/m)
1.AA.30StolperiteAlCuIso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Pm3m
1.AA.35HollisteriteAl3FeMon. 2/m : B2/m
1.AA.40IcosahedriteAl63Cu24Fe13Icos. 53m : Fm35
1.AA.45Kryachkoite(Al,Cu)6(Fe,Cu)Orth. mm2 : Cmc21
1.AA.50ProxidecagoniteAl34Ni9Fe2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KhatyrkiteHide

References for KhatyrkiteHide

Reference List:
https://www.doitpoms.ac.uk/miclib/phase_diagrams.php?id=2(interactive phase diagram)
Havinga, E.E., Damsma, H., Hokkeling, P. (1971) Compounds and pseudo-binary alloys with the CuAl2(C16)- type structure. Journal of the Less-Common Metals: 27: 169-186.
Razin, L.V., Rudashevskij, N.S., and Vyalsov, L.N. (1985) New natural intermetallic compounds of aluminium, copper and zinc—khatyrkite CuAl2, cupalite, CuAl and zinc aluminides—from hyperbasites of dunite-harzburgite formation. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 114: 90–100 (in Russian).
Hawthorne, Frank C., Fleischer, Michael, Grew, Edward S., Grice, Joel D., Jambor, John L., Puziewicz, J., Roberts, Andrew C., Vanko, D. A., Zilczer, J. A. (1986) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 71. 1277-1282
Meetsma, A., De Boer, J.L., Van Smaalen, S. (1989) Refinement of the crystal structure of tetragonal Al2Cu. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 83. 370-372 doi:10.1016/0022-4596(89)90188-6
(2005) Khatyrkite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Steinhardt, Paul J, Bindi, Luca (2012) In search of natural quasicrystals. Reports on Progress in Physics, 75 (9). 92601pp. doi:10.1088/0034-4885/75/9/092601
Ivanova, Marina A., Lorenz, Cyril A., Borisovskiy, Sergey E., Burmistrov, Andrey A., Korost, Dmitriy V., Korochantsev, Alexander V., Logunova, Maria N., Shornikov, Sergei I., Petaev, Michail I. (2017) Composition and origin of holotype Al-Cu-Zn minerals in relation to quasicrystals in the Khatyrka meteorite. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 52 (5) 869-883 doi:10.1111/maps.12839
Andronicos, C. L., Bindi, L., Distler, V. V., Hollister, L. S., Lin, C., MacPherson, G. J., Steinhardt, P. J., Yudovskaya, M. (2018) Comment on “Composition and origin of holotype Al-Cu-Zn minerals in relation to quasicrystals in the Khatyrka meteorite” by M. Ivanova et al. (2017) Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 53 (11) 2430-2440 doi:10.1111/maps.13125
Suttle, M. D.; Twegar, K.; Nava, J.; Spiess, R.; Spratt, J.; Campanale, F.; Folco, L. (2019) A unique CO-like micrometeorite hosting an exotic Al-Cu-Fe-bearing assemblage – close affinities with the Khatyrka meteorite. Scientific Reports, 9 (1). 12426 doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48937-0
Hu, Jinping; Asimow, Paul D.; Ma, Chi; Bindi, Luca (2020) First synthesis of a unique icosahedral phase from the Khatyrka meteorite by shock-recovery experiment. IUCrJ, 7 (3). doi:10.1107/s2052252520002729

Localities for KhatyrkiteHide

Showing 4 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Egypt
 
  • Red Sea Governorate
Fawzy et al. (2022)
Italy
 
  • Calabria
    • Crotone Province
      • Mt. Gariglione
Agrosı̀ et al. (2025)
Russia (TL)
 
  • Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
    • Anadyrsky District
      • Iomrautvaam massif
Pekov (1998) +1 other reference
Sudan
 
  • Northern State
Suttle et al. (2019) +1 other reference
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