Katoite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Katoite
Formula:
Ca3Al2[◻(OH)4]3
The formula for general "hydrogrossular" is derived by the progressive exchange of grossular's Si with vacancies (◻), while maintaining local charge balance by attaching one H+ to each of the four adjacent oxygens (so 4H+ in total) per each one Si4+ lost. This progressive exchange can also be represented as Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x. In end-member katoite, the replacement is complete (so x = 3).
Previously, the mineral "hibschite" (no longer an IMA-approved species) was considered an intermediate member of the grossular-katoite series, and was defined as Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x, where x = 0.2-1.5; compositions where x < 0.2 were still considered grossular, whereas compositions where x > 1.5 were considered katoite. Now, based on the modern "50% rule", what was previously called "hibschite" would now be considered grossular (or perhaps more descriptively as "OH-bearing grossular"), although "hibschite", "hydrogrossular" and "hydrogarnet" are still all informally in common use.
Previously, the mineral "hibschite" (no longer an IMA-approved species) was considered an intermediate member of the grossular-katoite series, and was defined as Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x, where x = 0.2-1.5; compositions where x < 0.2 were still considered grossular, whereas compositions where x > 1.5 were considered katoite. Now, based on the modern "50% rule", what was previously called "hibschite" would now be considered grossular (or perhaps more descriptively as "OH-bearing grossular"), although "hibschite", "hydrogrossular" and "hydrogarnet" are still all informally in common use.
Colour:
Colourless
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5 - 6
Specific Gravity:
3.013 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1984 by E. Passaglia and R. Rinaldi in honor of Akira Kato (加藤 昭) (b. 19 June 1931, Tokyo prefecture, Japan), Department of Geology, National Science Museum, Ueno, Tokyo, Japan. Former president of the International Mineralogical Association. In addition to his academic positions, Dr Kato was the founder of one of the most active Tokyo clubs for mineral collectors and amateur mineralogists and he was always willing to help amateurs with their studies.
Grossular-Katoite Series. Compare also the tetragonal-pseudocubic Holtstamite.
Ungrouped member of the Garnet Supergroup.
For x = 3, i.e. the end member, the species is also known as C3AH6 ("Tricalcium aluminate hydrate") in hydrated cement.
See also hydrogarnet.
Note that the "hydrogarnet" exchange is not limited to only grossular-rich garnets, and has also been observed involving andradite ("hydro-andradite") and sometimes uvarovite ("hydro-uvarovite") as well. A related exchange, where Si is also replaced by vacancies but the local charge balance is instead maintained by replacing the four adjacent oxygen by fluorine, is particularly notable in some igneous spessartine-rich garnets ("fluor-spessartine"), but occurs in other garnet varieties as well; mixed exchanges (e.g. "fluor-hydro-andradite") are also known.
Katoite from Tadano bears both hexa- and tetravalent sulfur (Banno et al., 2023).
Ungrouped member of the Garnet Supergroup.
For x = 3, i.e. the end member, the species is also known as C3AH6 ("Tricalcium aluminate hydrate") in hydrated cement.
See also hydrogarnet.
Note that the "hydrogarnet" exchange is not limited to only grossular-rich garnets, and has also been observed involving andradite ("hydro-andradite") and sometimes uvarovite ("hydro-uvarovite") as well. A related exchange, where Si is also replaced by vacancies but the local charge balance is instead maintained by replacing the four adjacent oxygen by fluorine, is particularly notable in some igneous spessartine-rich garnets ("fluor-spessartine"), but occurs in other garnet varieties as well; mixed exchanges (e.g. "fluor-hydro-andradite") are also known.
Katoite from Tadano bears both hexa- and tetravalent sulfur (Banno et al., 2023).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2167
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2167:4
Similar Names
| Cattiite | A valid IMA mineral species | Mg3(PO4)2 · 22H2O |
| Gaitite | A valid IMA mineral species | Ca2Zn(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Gauteite | A rock subtype | |
| Kanoite | A valid IMA mineral species | Mn2+MgSi2O6 |
| Kasoite | A variety of Celsian | Ba(Al2Si2O8) |
| Keatite | Valid as an unnamed mineral | SiO2 |
| Kotoite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | Mg3[BO3]2 |
IMA Classification of Katoite
Classification of Katoite
4.FF.
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
F : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; various polyhedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
F : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; various polyhedra
51.4.3d.2
51 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [6] and >[6] coordination
51 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [6] and >[6] coordination
16.9.17
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
9 : Aluminosilicates of Ca
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
9 : Aluminosilicates of Ca
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Kto | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Kto | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Katoite
Vitreous
Colour:
Colourless
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5 - 6 on Mohs scale
Density:
3.013(5) g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Katoite
Type:
Isotropic
Chemistry of Katoite
Mindat Formula:
Ca3Al2[◻(OH)4]3
The formula for general "hydrogrossular" is derived by the progressive exchange of grossular's Si with vacancies (◻), while maintaining local charge balance by attaching one H+ to each of the four adjacent oxygens (so 4H+ in total) per each one Si4+ lost. This progressive exchange can also be represented as Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x. In end-member katoite, the replacement is complete (so x = 3).
Previously, the mineral "hibschite" (no longer an IMA-approved species) was considered an intermediate member of the grossular-katoite series, and was defined as Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x, where x = 0.2-1.5; compositions where x < 0.2 were still considered grossular, whereas compositions where x > 1.5 were considered katoite. Now, based on the modern "50% rule", what was previously called "hibschite" would now be considered grossular (or perhaps more descriptively as "OH-bearing grossular"), although "hibschite", "hydrogrossular" and "hydrogarnet" are still all informally in common use.
The formula for general "hydrogrossular" is derived by the progressive exchange of grossular's Si with vacancies (◻), while maintaining local charge balance by attaching one H+ to each of the four adjacent oxygens (so 4H+ in total) per each one Si4+ lost. This progressive exchange can also be represented as Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x. In end-member katoite, the replacement is complete (so x = 3).
Previously, the mineral "hibschite" (no longer an IMA-approved species) was considered an intermediate member of the grossular-katoite series, and was defined as Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x, where x = 0.2-1.5; compositions where x < 0.2 were still considered grossular, whereas compositions where x > 1.5 were considered katoite. Now, based on the modern "50% rule", what was previously called "hibschite" would now be considered grossular (or perhaps more descriptively as "OH-bearing grossular"), although "hibschite", "hydrogrossular" and "hydrogarnet" are still all informally in common use.
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Mg,S
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
| 1 | |
|---|---|
| SiO2 | 21.95 % |
| TiO2 | 0.04 % |
| Al2O3 | 23.60 % |
| Fe2O3 | 0.29 % |
| MnO | 0.22 % |
| MgO | 0.15 % |
| CaO | 42.18 % |
| Na2O | 0.04 % |
| Total: | 88.47 % |
Empirical formulas:
| Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
|---|---|
| 2 | {Ca3[(Al1.61Fe3+0.21Mg0.06Ti0.02)4+Σ1.90S0.10]Σ2.00(◻1.87Si1.12S6+0.01)Σ3.00[(OH)7.19O4.61F0.15Cl0.05]Σ12.00 |
| 1 | (Ca3.00)( Al1.85Fe3+0.01MgO0.01Mn0.01)[ ?1.54(OH6.16 )] |
Sample references:
| ID | Locality | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Flekkeren, Skien, Telemark, Norway | EMPA analysis of a katoite from a metamorphosed limestone. | |
| 2 | Unnamed quarry, Tadano, Koriyama City, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan | via electron microprobe, X-ray single crystal structure refinement, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy |
Crystallography of Katoite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m(4/m32/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Ia3d
Setting:
Ia3d
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.24095(8) Å
Unit Cell V:
1,834.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Comment:
Synthetic katoite has a = 12.5731(2) A (Lager et al., 2002).
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0002791 | Katoite | Lager G A, Downs R T, Origlieri M J, Garoutte R (2002) High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia-3d - I-43d symmetry at 5 GPa American Mineralogist 87 642-647 |  | 2002 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0001827 | Katoite | Lager G A, Von Dreele R B (1996) Neutron powder diffraction study of hydrogarnet to 9.0 GPa American Mineralogist 81 1097-1104 | | 1996 | 0.0001 | 293 | |
| 0016002 | Katoite | Cohen-Addad C, Ducros P, Bertaut E (1967) Etude de la substitution du groupement SiO4 par (OH)4 dans les composes Al2Ca3(OH)12 et Al2Ca3(SiO4)2.16 (OH)3.36 de type grenat _cod_database_code 1008060 Acta Crystallographica 23 220-230 |  | 1967 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0006981 | Katoite | Ferro O, Galli E, Papp G, Quartieri S, Szakall S, Vezzalini G (2003) A new occurrence of katoite and re-examination of the hydrogrossular group European Journal of Mineralogy 15 419-426 | 2003 | 0 | 200 | ||
| 0006980 | Katoite | Ferro O, Galli E, Papp G, Quartieri S, Szakall S, Vezzalini G (2003) A new occurrence of katoite and re-examination of the hydrogrossular group European Journal of Mineralogy 15 419-426 | 2003 | 0 | 200 | ||
| 0003740 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 0.08 | 293 | |
| 0001828 | Katoite | Lager G A, Von Dreele R B (1996) Neutron powder diffraction study of hydrogarnet to 9.0 GPa American Mineralogist 81 1097-1104 | | 1996 | 0.78 | 293 | |
| 0003741 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 0.8 | 293 | |
| 0003742 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 1.72 | 293 | |
| 0002792 | Katoite | Lager G A, Downs R T, Origlieri M J, Garoutte R (2002) High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia-3d - I-43d symmetry at 5 GPa American Mineralogist 87 642-647 | | 2002 | 2.15 | 293 | |
| 0003743 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 2.98 | 293 | |
| 0001829 | Katoite | Lager G A, Von Dreele R B (1996) Neutron powder diffraction study of hydrogarnet to 9.0 GPa American Mineralogist 81 1097-1104 | | 1996 | 3.6 | 293 | |
| 0003744 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 4.05 | 293 | |
| 0002793 | Katoite | Lager G A, Downs R T, Origlieri M J, Garoutte R (2002) High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia-3d - I-43d symmetry at 5 GPa American Mineralogist 87 642-647 | | 2002 | 4.21 | 293 | |
| 0002794 | Katoite | Lager G A, Downs R T, Origlieri M J, Garoutte R (2002) High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia-3d - I-43d symmetry at 5 GPa American Mineralogist 87 642-647 | | 2002 | 5.09 | 293 | |
| 0003745 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 5.4 | 293 | |
| 0002796 | Katoite | Lager G A, Downs R T, Origlieri M J, Garoutte R (2002) High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia-3d - I-43d symmetry at 5 GPa American Mineralogist 87 642-647 | | 2002 | 6 | 293 | |
| 0002795 | Katoite | Lager G A, Downs R T, Origlieri M J, Garoutte R (2002) High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia-3d - I-43d symmetry at 5 GPa American Mineralogist 87 642-647 | | 2002 | 6 | 293 | |
| 0001830 | Katoite | Lager G A, Von Dreele R B (1996) Neutron powder diffraction study of hydrogarnet to 9.0 GPa American Mineralogist 81 1097-1104 | | 1996 | 6.1 | 293 | |
| 0003746 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 6.65 | 293 | |
| 0002797 | Katoite | Lager G A, Downs R T, Origlieri M J, Garoutte R (2002) High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia-3d - I-43d symmetry at 5 GPa American Mineralogist 87 642-647 | | 2002 | 7.09 | 293 | |
| 0003747 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 7.55 | 293 | |
| 0002798 | Katoite | Lager G A, Downs R T, Origlieri M J, Garoutte R (2002) High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia-3d - I-43d symmetry at 5 GPa American Mineralogist 87 642-647 | | 2002 | 7.78 | 293 | |
| 0001831 | Katoite | Lager G A, Von Dreele R B (1996) Neutron powder diffraction study of hydrogarnet to 9.0 GPa American Mineralogist 81 1097-1104 | | 1996 | 7.9 | 293 | |
| 0003748 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 8.56 | 293 | |
| 0001832 | Katoite | Lager G A, Von Dreele R B (1996) Neutron powder diffraction study of hydrogarnet to 9.0 GPa American Mineralogist 81 1097-1104 | | 1996 | 9 | 293 | |
| 0003749 | Katoite | Lager G A, Marshall W G, Liu Z, Downs R T (2005) Re-examination of the hydrogarnet structure at high pressure using neutron powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy American Mineralogist 90 639-644 | | 2005 | 9.42 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.763 Å | (100) |
| 2.257 Å | (58) |
| 2.004 Å | (58) |
| 3.089 Å | (50) |
| 5.046 Å | (37) |
| 1.6507 Å | (37) |
| 3.303 Å | (32) |
Comments:
Campomorto quarry, Italy. The data are from Passaglia and Rinaldi (1984).
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
| 16 : Low-? aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23) | |
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 22 : Hydration and low-? subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 51 : Pyrometamorphic minerals (see also #54 and #56) | <0.36 |
Type Occurrence of Katoite
Synonyms of Katoite
Other Language Names for Katoite
Varieties of Katoite
Relationship of Katoite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Garnet Supergroup:
| Berzeliite Group | X3Z2[TO4]3 | |
| Bitikleite Group | Ca3Z2[TO4]3 | |
| Cryolithionite | Na3Al2(LiF4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 | |
| Henritermierite Group | Ca3Z2(SiO4)2[◻(OH)4] | |
| Midbarite | Ca3Mg2(V5+2Si)O12 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Monteneveite | Ca3Sb5+2(Fe3+2Fe2+)O12 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
| Nikmelnikovite | Ca12(Fe2+Fe3+3Al3◻)[SiO4]6[◻(OH)4]5◻4 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| Priscillagrewite-(Y) | (Ca2Y)Zr2(AlO4)3 | Iso. |
| Schorlomite Group | Ca3Z2[SiO4][TO4]2 | |
| Xuite | Ca3Fe3+2[(AlO3(OH)]3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) |
| Yafsoanite | Ca3Te6+2(ZnO4)3 | Iso. m3m(4/m32/m) : Ia3d |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 3 photos of Katoite associated with Afwillite | Ca3[SiO4][SiO2(OH)2] · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Katoite associated with Tobermorite | Ca5Si6O17 · 5H2O |
| 1 photo of Katoite associated with Hydrocalumite | Ca4Al2(OH)12(Cl,CO3,OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 1 photo of Katoite associated with Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.FF.05 | Hydroromarchite | Sn3O2(OH)2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Katoite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2167.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Katoite
Reference List:
Cohen-Addad, C., Ducros, P., Bertaut, E. F. (1967) Étude de la substitution du groupement SiO4 par (OH)4 dans les composés Al2Ca3(OH)12 et Al2Ca3(SiO4)2,16(OH)3,36 de type grenat. Acta Crystallographica, 23 (2). 220-230 doi:10.1107/s0365110x67002518
Foreman, Dennis W. (1968) Neutron and X‐Ray Diffraction Study of Ca3Al2(O4D4)3, a Garnetoid. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 48 (7) 3037-3041 doi:10.1063/1.1669569
Passaglia, Elio, Rinaldi, Romano (1984) Katoite, a new member of the Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-Ca3Al2(OH)12 series and a new nomenclature for the hydrogrossular group of minerals. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 107 (5) 605-618 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1984.7804
Dunn, Pete J., Fleischer, Michael, Langley, Richard H., Shigley, James E., Zilczer, Janet A. (1985) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 70 (7-8) 871-881
Sacerdoti, Michele, Passaglia, Elio (1985) The crystal structure of katoite and implications within the hydrogrossular group of minerals. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 108 (1) 1-8 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1985.7852
Lager, G. A., Armbruster, Th., Jr., John Faber (1987) Neutron and X-ray diffraction study of hydrogarnet Ca3Al2(O4H4)3. American Mineralogist, 72 (7-8) 756-765
Rossman, George R., Aines, Roger D. (1991) The hydrous components in garnets: Grossular-hydrogrossular. American Mineralogist, 76 (7-8) 1153-1164
Schoenitz, Mirko, Navrotsky, Alexandra (1999) Enthalpy of formation of katoite Ca2Al2[(OH)4]3; energetics of the hydrogarnet substitution. American Mineralogist, 84 (3) 389-391 doi:10.2138/am-1999-0323
Lager, George A.; Downs, Robert T.; Origlieri, Marcus; Garoutte, Rebecca (2002) High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of katoite hydrogarnet: Evidence for a phase transition from Ia3d→I4̅3d symmetry at 5 GPa. American Mineralogist, 87 (5-6). 642-647 doi:10.2138/am-2002-5-606 [synthetic sample]
Ferro, Orazio, Galli, Ermanno, Papp, Gábor, Quartieri, Simona, Szakáll, Sándor, Vezzalini, Giovanna (2003) A new occurrence of katoite and re-examination of the hydrogrossular group. European Journal of Mineralogy, 15 (2) 419-426 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2003/0015-0419
Kolesov, B. A. (2005) The vibrational spectrum of synthetic hydrogrossular (katoite) Ca3Al2(O4H4)3: A low-temperature IR and Raman spectroscopic study. American Mineralogist, 90 (8) 1335-1341 doi:10.2138/am.2005.1622
Teertstra, D. K. (2006) Index-of-refraction and unit-cell constraints on cation valence and pattern of order in garnet-group minerals. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (2). 341-346 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.2.341
Orlando, R., Torres, F. J., Pascale, F., Ugliengo, P., Zicovich-Wilson, C., Dovesi, R. (2006) Vibrational Spectrum of Katoite Ca3Al2[(OH)4]3: A Periodic ab Initio Study. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110 (2). 692-701 doi:10.1021/jp053602j
Grew, E. S., Locock, A. J., Mills, S. J., Galuskina, I. O., Galuskin, E. V., Hålenius, U. (2013) Nomenclature of the garnet supergroup. American Mineralogist, 98 (4) 785-811 doi:10.2138/am.2013.4201
Lacivita, Valentina, Mahmoud, Agnes, Erba, Alessandro, D’Arco, Philippe, Mustapha, Sami (2015) Hydrogrossular, Ca3Al2(SiO4)3–x(H4O4)x: An ab initio investigation of its structural and energetic properties. American Mineralogist, 100 (11) 2637-2649 doi:10.2138/am-2015-5334
Geng, Guoqing, Myers, Rupert J., Kilcoyne, Arthur L.D., Ha, Juyoung, Monteiro, Paulo J.M. (2017) CaL2,3-edge near edge X-ray absorption fine structure of tricalcium aluminate, gypsum, and calcium (sulfo)aluminate hydrates. American Mineralogist, 102 (4) 900-908 doi:10.2138/am-2017-5670
Geiger, Charles A., Rossman, George R. (2018) IR spectroscopy and OH– in silicate garnet: The long quest to document the hydrogarnet substitution. American Mineralogist, 103 (3) 384-393 doi:10.2138/am-2018-6160ccby
Keen, David A., Keeble, Dean S., Bennett, Thomas D. (2018) Neutron and X-ray total scattering study of hydrogen disorder in fully hydrated hydrogrossular, Ca3Al2(O4H4)3. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 45 (4) 333-342 doi:10.1007/s00269-017-0923-0
KATO, Masato, KYONO, Atsushi (2019) An in situ Raman study on katoite Ca3Al2(O4H4)3 at high pressure. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 114 (1) 18-25 doi:10.2465/jmps.180530
KYONO, Atsushi, ARORA, Shubhi (2019) Crystal structure change in grossular–Si–free katoite solid solution: Oxygen position splitting in katoite. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 114 (4) 189-200 doi:10.2465/jmps.190424
Jiménez, Alejandro, Rives, Vicente, Vicente, Miguel A. (2022) Thermal study of the hydrocalumite–katoite–calcite system. Thermochimica Acta, 713. 179242 doi:10.1016/j.tca.2022.179242
Banno, Yasuyuki, Momma, Koichi, Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Bunno, Michiaki (2023) New data on S-bearing katoite from Tadano, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan: an implication of the presence of both (SO3)2- and (SO4)2- in the garnet structure. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 118 (1) 220724
Abd-El-Raoof, F., Youssef, H.F., El-Sokkary, T.M., Abd El-Shakour, Z.A., Tawfik, A. (2023) Fabrication and characterization of calcium aluminates cement via microwave-hydrothermal route: Mayenite, katoite, and hydrocalumite. Construction and Building Materials, 401. 132988 doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132988
Localities for Katoite
Showing 24 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica | |
| Kammerer (2011) |
Egypt | |
| Elsagheer et al. (2025) |
Finland | |
| Martin et al. (2026) |
Germany | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Blaß et al. (2004) |
| Galuskin et al. (2016) | |
Hungary | |
| Topographia Mineralogica Hungariae VI. +2 other references |
| |
Israel | |
| Galuskin et al. (2015) |
| Britvin et al. (2026) | |
| Galuskin et al. (2016) | |
| Murashko et al. (2025) | |
| Galuskin +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| Carlini et al. (2018) |
| Passaglia et al. (1982) |
Japan | |
| [var: Sulfur-bearing Katoite] Banno et al. (2023) |
Middle East | |
| Gross (1977) | |
Norway | |
| Jamtveit et al. (1997) |
Palestine | |
| Galuskina et al. (2019) |
| Galuskin et al. (2015) |
Romania | |
| Marincea et al. (2015) |
Russia | |
| Galuskina et al. (2013) |
Slovakia | |
| Zajzon N. et al. (2021) |
Quick NavTopAbout KatoiteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Chemical AnalysisCrystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesVarietiesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany