Freedite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Freedite
Formula:
Cu+Pb8(AsO3)2O3Cl5
Colour:
Greenish yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
7.43 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
After Dr. Robert L. Freed, American mineralogist, of Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
This page provides mineralogical data about Freedite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1604
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1604:5
Similar Names
| Creedite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O |
| Foordite | A valid IMA mineral species | Sn2+Nb2O6 |
| Fordite | An artificial material | |
| Forêtite | A valid IMA mineral species | Cu2Al2(AsO4)(OH,O,H2O)6 |
| Froodite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | α-PdBi2 |
| Verdite | A variety of 'Fuchsite' [Muscovite] | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
IMA Classification of Freedite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Cu1+Pb2+8(As3+O3)2O3Cl5
Approval year:
1984
First published:
1985
Classification of Freedite
4.JB.65
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
B : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; with additional anions, without H2O
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
B : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; with additional anions, without H2O
46.1.5.1
46 : ANTIMONITES AND ARSENITES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)m(XO3)pZq
46 : ANTIMONITES AND ARSENITES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)m(XO3)pZq
23.14
23 : Arsenites
23 : Arsenites
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Fre | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Freedite
Vitreous
Colour:
Greenish yellow
Streak:
Yellow
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
On [100].
On [100].
Density:
7.43 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Freedite
Type:
Biaxial
Chemistry of Freedite
Mindat Formula:
Cu+Pb8(AsO3)2O3Cl5
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Freedite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.578(2) Å, b = 20.099(3) Å, c = 7.465(1) Å
β = 105.73(1)°
β = 105.73(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.676 : 1 : 0.371
Unit Cell V:
1960.94 ų
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals commonly aggregated; radial forms.
Comment:
Cell parameters from Pertlik (1987).
Crystal Structure
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2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014613 | Freedite | Pertlik F (1987) The structure of freedite, Pb8Cu(AsO3)2O3Cl5 Mineralogy and Petrology 36 85-92 | 1987 | Langban mine, Varmland, Sweden | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.949 Å | (100) |
| 2.830 Å | (80) |
| 2.734 Å | (80) |
| 3.832 Å | (50) |
| 2.096 Å | (50) |
| 6.51 Å | (40) |
| 3.581 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] | |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Freedite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Aggregates of slightly radial texture.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 160353 and 160354.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Metamorphosed Fe–Mn orebody.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Freedite
Other Language Names for Freedite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 1 photo of Freedite associated with Native Lead | Pb |
| 1 photo of Freedite associated with Spessartine | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 1 photo of Freedite associated with Hematite | Fe2O3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.JB. | Cuyaite | Ca2Mn3+As3+14O24Cl |
| 4.JB. | Brattforsite | Mn19(AsO 3)12Cl2 |
| 4.JB.05 | Fetiasite | (Fe3+,Fe2+,Ti)3(As2O5)O2 |
| 4.JB.10 | Manganarsite | Mn3(As2O4)(OH)4 |
| 4.JB.15 | 'UM1984-09-AsO:ClHMn' | Mn10As6O18(OH)Cl |
| 4.JB.15 | Magnussonite | Mn2+10(As3+O3)6(OH,Cl)2 |
| 4.JB.20 | Armangite | Mn2+26(AsO3)14(HAsO3)4(CO3) |
| 4.JB.25 | Nanlingite | Na(Ca5Li)Mg12(AsO3)2[Fe(AsO3)6]F14 |
| 4.JB.30 | Asbecasite | Ca3(Ti,Sn4+)Be2(AsO3)6(SiO4)2 |
| 4.JB.35 | Stenhuggarite | CaFeSb(AsO3)2O |
| 4.JB.40 | Trigonite | Pb3Mn2+(AsO3)2(HAsO3) |
| 4.JB.45 | Finnemanite | Pb5(AsO3)3Cl |
| 4.JB.50 | Gebhardite | Pb8(As2O5)2OCl6 |
| 4.JB.55 | Graeserite | Fe3+4Ti3As3+O13(OH) |
| 4.JB.55 | Tomichite | (V,Fe)4Ti3AsO13(OH) |
| 4.JB.55 | Derbylite | Fe3+4Ti3Sb3+O13(OH) |
| 4.JB.60 | Hemloite | (Ti,V3+,Fe3+,Al)12(As3+,Sb3+)2O23(OH) |
| 4.JB.70 | Georgiadesite | Pb4(As3+O3)Cl4(OH) |
| 4.JB.75 | Szklaryite | ◻Al6BAs3+3O15 |
| 4.JB.75 | Ekatite | (Fe3+,Fe2+,Zn)12(AsO3)6(AsO3,HSiO4)2(OH)6 |
| 4.JB.85 | Lepageite | Mn2+3(Fe3+7Fe2+4)O3[Sb3+5As3+8O34] |
| 4.JB.90 | Bianchiniite | Ba2(TiV)(As2O5)2OF |
Other Information
Notes:
Not radioactive.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Freedite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1604.html
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References for Freedite
Reference List:
Dunn, Pete J., Rouse, Roland C. (1985) Freedite and thorikosite from Långban, Sweden, and Laurion, Greece: two new species related to the synthetic bismuth oxyhalides. American Mineralogist, 70 (7-8) 845-848
Localities for Freedite
Showing 4 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Greece | |
| 58. +1 other reference |
| |
Namibia | |
| Bowell et al. (2018) |
Sweden (TL) | |
| Dunn et al. (1985) +2 other references |
Quick NavTopAbout FreediteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Långban Mine, Långban Ore District, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden