Tungstibite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Tungstibite
Formula:
Sb3+2WO6
Colour:
Green to dark green, yellow
Lustre:
Pearly, Dull
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
6.69
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
The name refers to its tungsten and antimony (Latin = stibium) content.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4052
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4052:1
Similar Names
| Native Tungsten | A valid IMA mineral species | W |
| Tungstenite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | WS2 |
| Tungstite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | WO3 · H2O |
| Tungusite | A valid IMA mineral species | Ca4Fe2Si6O15(OH)6 |
IMA Classification of Tungstibite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Sb3+2W6+O6
Approval year:
1993
First published:
1995
Classification of Tungstibite
4.DE.15
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
E : With medium-sized cations; with various polyhedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
E : With medium-sized cations; with various polyhedra
Dana 7th ed.:
48.2.3.1
48.2.3.1
48 : ANHYDROUS MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES
2 : A2XO4
48 : ANHYDROUS MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES
2 : A2XO4
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Tsb | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Tungstibite
Pearly, Dull
Transparency:
Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Green to dark green, yellow
Streak:
Greenish
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {001}
Perfect on {001}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
6.69 g/cm3 (Measured) 6.90 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Tungstibite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.285(2) nβ = 2.40(2) nγ = 2.58(2)
2V:
Measured: 82° , Calculated: 82°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.295
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
strong, r<
Optical Extinction:
Z = c
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = dark green to brownish green
Y = dark green
Z = pale green to yellowish
Y = dark green
Z = pale green to yellowish
Chemistry of Tungstibite
Mindat Formula:
Sb3+2WO6
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Tungstibite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
222 - Disphenoidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.59 Å, b = 9.58 Å, c = 6.12 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.897 : 1 : 0.639
Unit Cell V:
503.63 ų
Z:
4
Morphology:
Elongated blady crystals, flattened on (001). Often aggregate into radiating spheres.
Comment:
Space Group: P22121 (probable).
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.32 Å | (10) |
| 3.06 Å | (10) |
| 2.98 Å | (4) |
| 2.73 Å | (6) |
| 2.46 Å | (5) |
| 1.919 Å | (4) |
| 1.829 Å | (3) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Tungstibite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Thin tabular crystals that form globular aggregates to 1 mm in diameter.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidation product on other minerals
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Tungstibite
Other Language Names for Tungstibite
Relationship of Tungstibite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Koechlinite Group:
| Koechlinite | Bi2MoO6 | Orth. mm2 : Pna21 |
| Russellite | Bi2WO6 | Orth. mm2 : Pca21 |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 19 photos of Tungstibite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 17 photos of Tungstibite associated with Cervantite | Sb3+Sb5+O4 |
| 8 photos of Tungstibite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| 4 photos of Tungstibite associated with Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| 4 photos of Tungstibite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
| 4 photos of Tungstibite associated with Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| 3 photos of Tungstibite associated with Tetrahedrite Group | M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z) |
| 2 photos of Tungstibite associated with Covellite | CuS |
| 2 photos of Tungstibite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
| 2 photos of Tungstibite associated with Native Silver | Ag |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.DE. | Colchesterite | Bi3+2Mo6+2O9 |
| 4.DE. | Pertoldite | GeO2 |
| 4.DE. | Ziroite | ZrO2 |
| 4.DE.05 | Downeyite | SeO2 |
| 4.DE.10 | Koragoite | (Mn2+,Fe3+)3(Nb,Ta,Ti)2(Nb,Mn)2(W,Ta)2O20 |
| 4.DE.15 | Russellite | Bi2WO6 |
| 4.DE.15 | Koechlinite | Bi2MoO6 |
| 4.DE.20 | Tellurite | TeO2 |
| 4.DE.25 | Paratellurite | TeO2 |
| 4.DE.30 | Bismutotantalite | BiTaO4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Stibiotantalite | Sb3+TaO4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Cervantite | Sb3+Sb5+O4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Bismutocolumbite | BiNbO4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Stibiocolumbite | SbNbO4 |
| 4.DE.30 | Clinocervantite | Sb3+Sb5+O4 |
| 4.DE.35 | Baddeleyite | ZrO2 |
| 4.DE.40 | Billwiseite | Sb3+5Nb3WO18 |
| 4.DE.45 | Kyawthuite | Bi3+Sb5+O4 |
Fluorescence of Tungstibite
Not fluorescent
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
Stable on heating to 600 C. Synthesized hydrothermally
at 240 C.
at 240 C.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Tungstibite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4052.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
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References for Tungstibite
Reference List:
Localities for Tungstibite
Showing 4 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan | |
| webmineral.ru (n.d.) |
Germany (TL) | |
| Walenta (1995) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| Silyanov et al. (2021) |
Thailand | |
| Dill et al. (2008) |
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Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany