Miharaite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Miharaite
Formula:
Cu4FePbBiS6
Colour:
Pale gray to grayish-white in reflected light
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
6.06 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in 1980 by Asahiko Sugaki, Hiromi Shima, and Arashi Kitakaze after the type locality, Mihara Mine, Okayama, Japan.
This page provides mineralogical data about Miharaite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2708
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2708:9
IMA Classification of Miharaite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Pb2+Cu1+4Fe3+Bi3+S2-6
Approval year:
1976
First published:
1980
Classification of Miharaite
2.LB.05
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
L : Unclassified Sulfosalts
B : With essential Pb
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
L : Unclassified Sulfosalts
B : With essential Pb
3.1.5.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
5.8.9
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
8 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Mn, Fe, Co and Ni
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
8 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Mn, Fe, Co and Ni
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Mih | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Mih | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Miharaite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Pale gray to grayish-white in reflected light
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN25=190 - 230 kg/mm2 (15 s test time) - Vickers
Density:
6.06 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Miharaite
Anisotropism:
Moderate anisotropism from grayish-blue to pinkish-brown.
Bireflectance:
faint
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) |
|---|---|
| 400nm | 29.2–30.8% |
| 420nm | 29.7–30.8% |
| 440nm | 30.6–31.4% |
| 460nm | 31.2–32.0% |
| 480nm | 31.3–32.0% |
| 500nm | 32.1–32.8% |
| 520nm | 32.2–32.9% |
| 540nm | 32.2–33.0% |
| 560nm | 32.1–33.0% |
| 580nm | 32.2–33.5% |
| 600nm | 32.2–33.9% |
| 620nm | 32.3–34.3% |
| 640nm | 32.4–34.9% |
| 660nm | 32.4–35.1% |
| 680nm | 32.8–35.7% |
| 700nm | 32.8–35.8% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 32.8–35.8%.
Colour in reflected light:
Pale gray to grayish white.
Internal Reflections:
None.
Comments:
Reflectance data from Choi and Imai (1983).
Chemistry of Miharaite
Mindat Formula:
Cu4FePbBiS6
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Miharaite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.85 Å, b = 11.98 Å, c = 3.87 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.906 : 1 : 0.323
Unit Cell V:
503.03 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Comment:
Space group Pbnm, Pb2n, or pb2tm
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0012478 | Miharaite | Petrova I V, Pobedimskaya E A, Bryzgalov I A (1988) Crystal structure of micharaite Cu4FePbBiS6 Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 299 123-127 | 1988 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.03 Å | (100) |
| 3.00 Å | (70) |
| 1.935 Å | (70) |
| 2.18 Å | (50) |
| 3.25 Å | (30) |
| 3.11 Å | (30) |
| 2.70 Å | (30) |
Comments:
Mihara mine, Japan. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Miharaite
General Appearance of Type Material:
minute (<0.3 mm) grains in bornite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Institute of Mineralogy Petrology, and Economic Geology, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, and Department of Mining and Mineral Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Bornite rich skarn
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Miharaite
Other Language Names for Miharaite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 9 photos of Miharaite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| 8 photos of Miharaite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
| 8 photos of Miharaite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 6 photos of Miharaite associated with Andradite | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 2 photos of Miharaite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 1 photo of Miharaite associated with Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.LB. | Ciriottiite | Cu(Cu,Ag)3Pb19(Sb,As)22(As2)S56 |
| 2.LB. | Hayyanite | Cu5Ag11Pb76Sb71As17(As2+)8S224 |
| 2.LB. | Wenqingite | Pb5(AsS3)2(Ge2S6) |
| 2.LB.30 | Launayite | Cu2Pb20(Sb,As)26S60 |
| 2.LB.30 | Ardaite | Pb19Sb13S35Cl7 |
| 2.LB.30 | Sorbyite | CuPb9(Sb,As)11S26 |
| 2.LB.30 | Playfairite | Pb16(Sb,As)19S44Cl |
| 2.LB.30 | Sterryite | Cu(Ag,Cu)3Pb19(Sb,As)22(As2)S56 |
| 2.LB.30 | Madocite | Pb19(Sb,As)16S43 |
| 2.LB.35 | Larosite | (Cu,Ag)21PbBiS13 |
| 2.LB.40 | Mazzettiite | Ag3HgPbSbTe5 |
| 2.LB.40 | Petrovicite | Cu3HgPbBiSe5 |
| 2.LB.45 | Crerarite | Pt2-x(Bi,Pb)11(S,Se)11 |
| 2.LB.50 | Quijarroite | Cu6HgPb2Bi4Se12 |
| 2.LB.55 | Znamenskyite | Pb4In2Bi4S13 |
Other Information
Notes:
Miharaite may readily be distinguished from wittichenite: HNO3 (1:1) etches wittichenite slowly, gradually staining to a brown colour, but does not affect miharaite at all.
Miharaite is slightly stained to bluish tinges by KOH (40%). No reaction to KCN (20%), HCl (1:1), FeCl3 (20%), HgCl2(5%) and H2O2.
Miharaite is slightly stained to bluish tinges by KOH (40%). No reaction to KCN (20%), HCl (1:1), FeCl3 (20%), HgCl2(5%) and H2O2.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Miharaite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2708.html
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References for Miharaite
Reference List:
Sugaki, Asahiko, Shima, Hiromi, Kitakaze, Arashi (1980) Miharaite, Cu4FePbBiS6, a new mineral from the Mihara mine, Okayama, Japan. American Mineralogist, 65 (7-8) 784-788
CHOI, SEON GYU, IMAI, NAOYA (1983) Miharaite in bornite-rich copper ore from the Ulsan mine, Republic of Korea. The Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists and Economic Geologists, 78 (9) 350-360 doi:10.2465/ganko1941.78.350
IZUMINO, Yuya, NAKASHIMA, Kazuo, NAGASHIMA, Mariko (2014) Cuprobismutite group minerals (cuprobismutite, hodrušhite, kupčíkite and padĕraite), other Bi–sulfosalts and Bi–tellurides from the Obari mine, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 109 (4) 177-190 doi:10.2465/jmps.140129
Localities for Miharaite
Showing 25 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Brodtkorb (2002) +1 other reference |
| Topa et al. (2004) +3 other references | |
| De Brodtkorb (2009) |
| February 2009 +3 other references |
Bulgaria | |
| Cook et al. (2002) |
| Kouzmanov (2004) +1 other reference |
Canada | |
| Bailey (2017) |
China | |
| Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1990) +2 other references |
Germany | |
| Staude et al. (2010) |
India | |
| Ahmed et al. (2018) |
Japan | |
| Fukuoka (1981) |
| Sugaki et al. (1980) |
| American Mineralogist |
| IZUMINO et al. (2014) |
North Korea | |
| Imai et al. (2000) |
| Resource Geology | |
Norway | |
| Segalstad et al. (2002) |
| Larsen (2024) | |
Portugal | |
| Marques de Sá et al. (2010) |
| Lundin Mining |
Romania | |
| Cook et al. (2002) |
Russia | |
| ... |
| Shadchin et al. (2024) |
South Korea | |
| CHOI et al. (1983) +3 other references |
Sweden | |
|
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