Hilairite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Hilairite
Formula:
Na2Zr[SiO3]3 · 3H2O
Colour:
Pale to dark brown, white, yellow, colorless, flesh-pink, rose-red
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
2.724
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
Named for the type locality of Mont St. Hilaire, Canada.
This page provides mineralogical data about Hilairite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1901
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1901:5
Similar Names
| Hallerite | ||
| Hellyerite | A valid IMA mineral species | NiCO3 · 5.5H2O |
IMA Classification of Hilairite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Na2Zr4+Si3O9·3H2O
Approval year:
1972
First published:
1974
Classification of Hilairite
9.DM.10
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
M : Inosilicates with 6-periodic single chains
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
M : Inosilicates with 6-periodic single chains
59.2.3.1
59 : CYCLOSILICATES Three-Membered Rings
2 : Three-Membered Rings, hydrated
59 : CYCLOSILICATES Three-Membered Rings
2 : Three-Membered Rings, hydrated
14.10.10
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
10 : Silicates of Zr or Hf
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
10 : Silicates of Zr or Hf
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Hlr | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Hilairite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Pale to dark brown, white, yellow, colorless, flesh-pink, rose-red
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
2.724 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.739 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Hilairite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.609 nε = 1.596
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.013
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized uniaxial interference figure - the conoscopic
(convergent-light, Bertrand-lens-in) view, for a grain cut with the optic axis
centred and vertical. The coloured rings are isochromatics, computed with the
same physics as the Michel-Lévy bar above; the dark cross is the isogyre.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
Chemistry of Hilairite
Mindat Formula:
Na2Zr[SiO3]3 · 3H2O
Element Weights:
Common Impurities:
Ti,Al,Fe,Mn,Mg,Ca,K
Crystallography of Hilairite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
32 - Trapezohedral
Space Group:
R32
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.556(1) Å, c = 15.855(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.502
Unit Cell V:
1,530.01 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
6
Morphology:
Prism {11-20} and rhombohedron {01-12}. Typically elongated along the prism.
Twinning:
Multiple twinning by rotation about [2-201] and about [0001], common; typically multiply twinned after both laws, involving four, eight, or more individuals.
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0007285 | Hilairite | Zubkova N V, Kolitsch U, Pekov I V, Turchkova A G, Vigasina M F, Pushcharovsky D Y, Tillmanns E (2009) Crystal chemistry of Rb-, Sr-, Ba-, Ca- and Pb-exchanged forms of natural hilairite European Journal of Mineralogy 21 495-506 | 2009 | Kirovskii mine, Khibiny alkaline complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0007284 | Hilairite | Zubkova N V, Kolitsch U, Pekov I V, Turchkova A G, Vigasina M F, Pushcharovsky D Y, Tillmanns E (2009) Crystal chemistry of Rb-, Sr-, Ba-, Ca- and Pb-exchanged forms of natural hilairite European Journal of Mineralogy 21 495-506 | 2009 | Kirovskii mine, Khibiny alkaline complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0007283 | Hilairite | Zubkova N V, Kolitsch U, Pekov I V, Turchkova A G, Vigasina M F, Pushcharovsky D Y, Tillmanns E (2009) Crystal chemistry of Rb-, Sr-, Ba-, Ca- and Pb-exchanged forms of natural hilairite European Journal of Mineralogy 21 495-506 | 2009 | Kirovskii mine, Khibiny alkaline complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0007282 | Hilairite | Zubkova N V, Kolitsch U, Pekov I V, Turchkova A G, Vigasina M F, Pushcharovsky D Y, Tillmanns E (2009) Crystal chemistry of Rb-, Sr-, Ba-, Ca- and Pb-exchanged forms of natural hilairite European Journal of Mineralogy 21 495-506 | 2009 | Kirovskii mine, Khibiny alkaline complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0007281 | Hilairite | Zubkova N V, Kolitsch U, Pekov I V, Turchkova A G, Vigasina M F, Pushcharovsky D Y, Tillmanns E (2009) Crystal chemistry of Rb-, Sr-, Ba-, Ca- and Pb-exchanged forms of natural hilairite European Journal of Mineralogy 21 495-506 | 2009 | Kirovskii mine, Khibiny alkaline complex, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
| 0012472 | Hilairite | Ilyushin G D, Voronkov A A, Nevskii N N, Ilyukhin V V, Belov N V (1981) Crystal structure of hilairite, Na2ZrSi3O9*3H2O Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 260 1118-1120 | 1981 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.00 Å | (60) |
| 5.28 Å | (100) |
| 3.168 Å | (50) |
| 3.046 Å | (40) |
| 2.994 Å | (30) |
| 2.639 Å | (30) |
| 1.759 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Hilairite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Canada.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada, 34803.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada, 34803.
Synonyms of Hilairite
Other Language Names for Hilairite
Relationship of Hilairite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Hilairite Group:
| Calciohilairite | CaZr[SiO3]3 · 3H2O | Trig. 32 : R32 |
| Komkovite | BaZr[Si3O9] · 3H2O | Trig. 32 : R32 |
| Pyatenkoite-(Y) | Na5YTi[SiO3]6 · 6H2O | Trig. 32 : R32 |
| Sazykinaite-(Y) | Na5YZr[SiO3]6 · 6H2O | Trig. 32 : R32 |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 24 photos of Hilairite associated with Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| 20 photos of Hilairite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 18 photos of Hilairite associated with Gaidonnayite | Na2Zr(Si3O9) · 2H2O |
| 17 photos of Hilairite associated with Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| 16 photos of Hilairite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
| 16 photos of Hilairite associated with Villiaumite | NaF |
| 12 photos of Hilairite associated with Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| 11 photos of Hilairite associated with Tuperssuatsiaite | Fe3+Fe3+2(Na◻)◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4 · 2H2O |
| 10 photos of Hilairite associated with Gonnardite | (Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O |
| 9 photos of Hilairite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.DM. | Kesebolite-(Ce) | CeCa2Mn(AsO4)(SiO3)3 |
| 9.DM.05 | Stokesite | CaSn[Si3O9] · 2H2O |
| 9.DM.10 | Calciohilairite | CaZr[SiO3]3 · 3H2O |
| 9.DM.10 | Pyatenkoite-(Y) | Na5YTi[SiO3]6 · 6H2O |
| 9.DM.10 | Komkovite | BaZr[Si3O9] · 3H2O |
| 9.DM.10 | Sazykinaite-(Y) | Na5YZr[SiO3]6 · 6H2O |
| 9.DM.15 | Plumbogaidonnayite | PbZrSi3O9 · 2H2O |
| 9.DM.15 | Gaidonnayite | Na2Zr(Si3O9) · 2H2O |
| 9.DM.15 | Georgechaoite | NaKZr[Si3O9] · 2H2O |
| 9.DM.20 | Chkalovite | Na2BeSi2O6 |
| 9.DM.25 | Vlasovite | Na2ZrSi4O11 |
| 9.DM.30 | Revdite | Na16Si16O27(OH)26 · 28H2O |
| 9.DM.35 | Scheuchzerite | Na(Mn,Mg,Zn)9[VSi9O28(OH)](OH)3 |
| 9.DM.40 | Terskite | Na4ZrSi6O16 · 2H2O |
| 9.DM.40 | Hydroterskite | Na2ZrSi6O12(OH)6 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Hilairite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1901.html
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References for Hilairite
Reference List:
Chao, George Y., Watkinson, David H., Chen, T. T. (1974) Hilairite, Na2ZrSi3O9•3H2O, a new mineral from Mont St. Hilaire, Quebec. The Canadian Mineralogist, 12 (4) 237-240
Pekov, Igor V., Chukanov, Nikita V., Kononkova, Natalia N., Pushcharovsky, Dmitirii Yu. (2003) Rare-metal «zeolites» of the hilairite group. New Data on Minerals, 38. 20-33
Zubkova, N. V., Pekov, I. V., Turchkova, A. G., Pushcharovskiĭ, D. Yu., Merlino, S., Pasero, M., Chukanov, N. V. (2007) Crystal structures of potassium-exchanged forms of catapleiite and hilairite. Crystallography Reports, 52 (1) 65-70 doi:10.1134/s1063774507010075
Zubkova, Natalia V., Kolitsch, Uwe, Pekov, Igor V., Turchkova, Anna G., Vigasina, Marina F., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y.u. Tillmanns (2009) Crystal chemistry of Rb-, Sr-, Ba-, Ca- and Pb-exchanged forms of natural hilairite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 21 (2) 495-506 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1912
Grigorieva, A. A.; Zubkova, N. V.; Pekov, I. V.; Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2009) Crystal structure of hilairite from Khibiny alkaline massif (Kola Peninsula). Doklady Earth Sciences, 428 (1). 1051-1053 doi:10.1134/s1028334x09070010
Pekov, I. V., Grigorieva, A. A., Zubkova, N. V., Turchkova, A. G., Pushcharovsky, D. Yu. (2010) Crystal Chemistry of Cation-Exchanged Forms of Hilairite: New Experimental Data and Chemical Composition—Structure—Genesis Relations. Crystallography Reports, 55 (6) 1031-1040 doi:10.1134/s1063774510060210
Localities for Hilairite
Showing 27 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
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