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Griphite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Griphite

Everly Mine, Harney City, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

Griphite

Everly Mine, Harney City, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

Griphite

Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

Griphite

Everly Mine, Harney City, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

Griphite

Everly Mine, Harney City, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

Griphite

Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

Griphite

Everly Mine, Harney City, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

Griphite

Everly Mine, Harney City, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

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About GriphiteHide

Formula:

Na₄Li₂Ca₆(Mn²⁺,Fe²⁺,Mg)₁₉Al₈(PO₄)₂₄(F,OH)₈

Colour:

Yellow, dark-brown, brownish-black; yellowish brown to brown in transmitted light.

Lustre:

Vitreous, Resinous

Hardness:

5½

Specific Gravity:

3.4

Crystal System:

Isometric

Name:

From the Greek γρίφος for "puzzle," in allusion to the chemical composition.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Everly Mine (Riverton lode), Harney City, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

This page provides mineralogical data about Griphite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

1752

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:1752:3

Similar NamesHide

Graphite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

IMA Classification of GriphiteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

Ca(Mn²⁺,Na,Li)₆Fe²⁺Al₂(PO₄)₆(F,OH)₂

First published:

1891

Type description reference:

Headden, W.P. (1891) A new phosphate from the Black Hills of South Dakota. American Journal of Science: 141: 415-417.

Classification of GriphiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):

8.BF.15

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H₂O
F : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO₄< 0.5:1

Dana 8th ed.:

41.9.3.1

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
9 : (AB)₅(XO₄)₃Z_q

Hey's CIM Ref.:

19.12.51

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference for Standard
Gph	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of GriphiteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous, Resinous

Transparency:

Translucent

Colour:

Yellow, dark-brown, brownish-black; yellowish brown to brown in transmitted light.

Hardness:

5½ on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal

Density:

3.4 g/cm³ (Measured) 3.4 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of GriphiteHide

Type:

Isotropic

Chemistry of GriphiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Na₄Li₂Ca₆(Mn²⁺,Fe²⁺,Mg)₁₉Al₈(PO₄)₂₄(F,OH)₈

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
O	38.044 %
Mn	25.855 %
P	18.413 %
Ca	5.956 %
Al	5.347 %
F	3.765 %
Na	2.278 %
Li	0.344 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Al, Ca, F, Fe, H, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of GriphiteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

m3(2/m3) - Diploidal

Space Group:

Pa3

Setting:

Pa3

Cell Parameters:

a = 12.22 Å

Unit Cell V:

1,824.79 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Massive; reniform at times.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0012066	Griphite	Rinaldi R (1978) The crystal structure of griphite, a complex phosphate, not a garnetoid Bulletin de Mineralogie 101 543-547		1978	Alberes, East Pyrenees, France	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Griphite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Rinaldi R'
_journal_name_full 'Bulletin de Mineralogie'
_journal_volume 101 
_journal_year 1978
_journal_page_first 543
_journal_page_last 547
_publ_section_title
;
 The crystal structure of griphite, a complex phosphate, not a garnetoid
;
_database_code_amcsd 0012066
_chemical_compound_source 'Alberes, East Pyrenees, France'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Mn3.54 Na1.02 Li.54 Ca1.42 Fe1.08 Mg.06 Al2.05 P5.82 O24.4 F1.6 H1.12'
_cell_length_a 12.205
_cell_length_b 12.205
_cell_length_c 12.205
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 1818.081
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.646
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P a 3'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+z,x,1/2-y'
  'z,1/2-x,1/2+y'
  '1/2-z,1/2+x,y'
  '-z,-x,-y'
  '1/2+y,1/2-z,-x'
  '1/2-y,-z,1/2+x'
  '-y,1/2+z,1/2-x'
  'y,z,x'
  'x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,z'
  '1/2+x,y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-z,-x,1/2+y'
  '-z,1/2+x,1/2-y'
  '1/2+z,1/2-x,-y'
  'z,x,y'
  '1/2-y,1/2+z,x'
  '1/2+y,z,1/2-x'
  'y,1/2-z,1/2+x'
  '-y,-z,-x'
  '-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,-y,1/2+z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Mn   0.00570   0.12080   0.26080   0.59000   0.01688
Na   0.00570   0.12080   0.26080   0.17000   0.01688
Li   0.00570   0.12080   0.26080   0.09000   0.01688
Ca   0.00570   0.12080   0.26080   0.07000   0.01688
Fe2+   0.00570   0.12080   0.26080   0.05000   0.01688
Mg   0.00570   0.12080   0.26080   0.01000   0.01688
Ca   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   1.00000   0.01298
Fe2+   0.50000   0.50000   0.50000   0.70000   0.01330
Al   0.50000   0.50000   0.50000   0.13000   0.01330
Al   0.28460   0.28460   0.28460   0.96000   0.01165
Fe3+   0.28460   0.28460   0.28460   0.04000   0.01165
P   0.04030   0.35970   0.23520   0.97000   0.01216
O1   0.12760   0.28480   0.28760   0.97000   0.01482
O-H1   0.12760   0.28480   0.28760   0.03000   0.01482
O2   0.27850   0.44030   0.28280   0.97000   0.01596
O-H2   0.27850   0.44030   0.28280   0.03000   0.01596
O3   0.07820   0.39590   0.11940   0.97000   0.01798
O-H3   0.07820   0.39590   0.11940   0.03000   0.01798
O4   0.01710   0.46040   0.30360   0.97000   0.01976
O-H4   0.01710   0.46040   0.30360   0.03000   0.01976
F   0.11450   0.11450   0.11450   0.80000   0.02356
O-H   0.11450   0.11450   0.11450   0.20000   0.02356

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...

2θ (degrees) d-spacing (Å)

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.066 Å	(40)
2.97 Å	(40)
2.743 Å	(100)
2.498 Å	(40)
2.281 Å	(30)
2.018 Å	(30)
1.832 Å	(20)
1.770 Å	(20)
1.700 Å	(30)
1.637 Å	(60)
1.478 Å	(20)

Comments:

Near Harney City, South Dakota, USA. Data from McConnell 1942.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks	>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites

Type Occurrence of GriphiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Everly Mine (Riverton lode), Harney City, Pennington County, South Dakota, USA

General Appearance of Type Material:

Kidney shaped masses weighing up to 22 kg (50 lbs).

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number R05315 (type).

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Granite pegmatite.

Reference:

Headden, W.P. (1891) A new phosphate from the Black Hills of South Dakota. American Journal of Science: 141: 415-417.

Other Language Names for GriphiteHide

Dutch:Griphiet

German:Griphit

Russian:Грифит

Spanish:Griphita

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

8.BF.	Manganoarrojadite-(KNa)	(KNa)(NaNa)Mn²⁺(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)(OH)₂	Mon. m : Bb
8.BF.	Sigismundite	(Ba◻)(Fe²⁺◻)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)(OH)₂	Mon. m : Bb
8.BF.05	Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)	(KNa)(Mn²⁺◻)Ca(Na₂Na)Mn²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₄)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BF.05	Arrojadite-(KNa)	(KNa)(NaNa)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)(OH)₂	Mon. m : Bb
8.BF.05	Fluorarrojadite-(BaNa)	(Ba◻)(NaNa)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)F₂	Mon. m : Bb
8.BF.05	Arrojadite-(KFe)	(KNa)(Fe²⁺◻)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)(OH)₂	Mon. m : Bb
8.BF.05	Arrojadite-(PbFe)	(Pb◻)(Fe²⁺◻)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)(OH)₂	Mon. m : Bb
8.BF.05	Fluorarrojadite-(BaFe)	(Ba◻)(Fe²⁺◻)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)F₂	Mon. m : Bb
8.BF.05	'Unnamed (Ba-dominant member of dickinsonite group)'
8.BF.05	'Unnamed (Pb-dominant member of dickinsonite group)'
8.BF.05	Arrojadite-(SrFe)	(Sr◻)(Fe²⁺◻)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)(OH)₂	Mon. m : Bb
8.BF.05	'Arrojadite-(NaFe)'	(NaNa)(Fe²⁺◻)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)(OH)₂
8.BF.05	Arrojadite-(BaNa)	(Ba◻)(NaNa)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BF.05	'Arrojadite-(KFeNa)'	(KNa)(Fe²⁺◻)Ca(Na₂Na)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₄)(OH)₂
8.BF.05	'Ferri-arrojadite-(BaNa)'	(Ba◻)(NaNa)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Fe³⁺(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)(OH)₂
8.BF.05	'Fluorarrojadite-(KNa)'	(KNa)(NaNa)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)F₂
8.BF.05	'Fluorarrojadite-(NaFe)'	(NaNa)(Fe²⁺◻)Ca(Na₂◻)Fe²⁺₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)F₂
8.BF.05	Fluorcarmoite-(BaNa)	(Ba◻)(NaNa)Ca(Na₂◻)Mg₁₃Al(PO₄)₁₁(PO₃OH)F₂	Mon. m : Bb
8.BF.10	Samuelsonite	(Ca,Ba)Ca₈Fe²⁺₂Mn²⁺₂Al₂(PO₄)₁₀(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.BF.20	Nabiasite	BaMn₉(VO₄)₆(OH)₂	Iso. m3(2/m3) : Pa3
8.BF.25	Starovaite	KCu₅O(VO₄)₃	Tric. 1 : P1
8.BF.30	Achyrophanite	(K,Na)₃(Fe³⁺,Ti,Al,Mg)₅O₂(AsO₄)₅	Orth. 222 : P222₁
8.BF.35	Cryptochalcite	K₂Cu₅O(SO₄)₅	Tric. 1 : P1
8.BF.35	Cesiodymite	CsKCu₅O(SO₄)₅	Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Notes:

Readily soluble in acids.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for GriphiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-1752.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Look for Griphite on Wikipedia

Look for Griphite on Mineralien Atlas

Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

Mineral Dealers:

Buy from D. Joyce minerals

References for GriphiteHide

Reference List:

Williams, GH (1890) The Greenstone Schist areas of the Menominee and Marquette Regions of Michigan. Vol 62. USGS Bulletin, United States Geological Survey. 1-241

Headden, W.P. (1891) A new phosphate from the Black Hills of South Dakota. American Journal of Science: 141: 415-417.

Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.81

McConnell, Duncan (1942) Griphite, a hydrophosphate garnetoid. American Mineralogist, 27 (6) 452-461

Jaffe, Howard W. (1946) A new occurrence of griphite. American Mineralogist, 31 (7-8). p.404-406. (Dwiggins & Yelmgren analysis)

Palache, Charles; Berman, Harry; Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons.pp.843-844

Rinaldi, R. (1978) The crystal structure of griphite, a complex phosphate, not a garnetoid. Bulletin de Minéralogie: 101: 543-547.

Fleischer, Michael, Burns, Roger G., Cabri, Louis J., Chao, George Y., Hogarth, D. D., Pabst, Adolf (1979) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 64 (11-12) 1329-1334 p.1333

(2005) Griphite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for GriphiteHide

Showing 11 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Argentina
La Rioja Province General Ángel V. Peñaloza Department ⓘ Difunta Correa pegmatite	Colombo et al. (2018)

Australia
Northern Territory Central Desert Region Delmore Downs station Mount Ida ⓘ Spotted Wonder prospect	Jaffe 1946 Am Min

Canada
Manitoba ⓘ Cross Lake	T.S. Ercit Can. Museum of Nature pers. ...

France
Occitanie Pyrénées-Orientales Céret L'Albère Saint-Jean de l'Albère ⓘ Mas d'en Claret	Guitard (2010)

Kyrgyzstan
Batken Region Turkestan Ridge Karasu-Karavshinskoye Asan-Usun glacier ⓘ Akopovaite type locality	Karpenko V.Yu. et al. (OH)

Rwanda
Western Province Ngororero District Muhororo ⓘ Buranga pegmatite	Daltry et al. (1998)

Sweden
Stockholm County Sigtuna Arlanda ⓘ Norrskogen	Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturarv database)

USA (TL)
South Dakota Pennington County Harney City ⓘ Everly Mine (Riverton lode) (TL)	Palache et al. (1951)
Keystone Mining District Keystone ⓘ Etta Mine	USGS Bull 380D
ⓘ Sitting Bull pegmatite	Smith et al. (2000)
Wisconsin Florence County Fern Pine River pegmatites ⓘ Animikie Red Ace pegmatite	Falster et al. (1996)

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Griphite

About GriphiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

Similar NamesHide

IMA Classification of GriphiteHide

Classification of GriphiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of GriphiteHide

Optical Data of GriphiteHide

Chemistry of GriphiteHide

Crystallography of GriphiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of GriphiteHide

Other Language Names for GriphiteHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for GriphiteHide

References for GriphiteHide

Localities for GriphiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide