Brüggenite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Brüggenite
Johannes (Juan) Brüggen Messtorff
Formula:
Ca(IO3)2 · H2O
Colour:
Colorless to bright yellow.
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
4.24
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named by Mary E. Mrose, G.E. Ericksen, and J.W. Marinenko in 1970 in honor of Johannes Brüggen Messtorff, better known by his hispanized name Juan Brüggen (25 April 1887, Lübeck, Germany – 7 March 1953, Santiago, Chile), geologist. He is known for his extensive treaty 'Fundamentos de la geología de Chile'.
Name Encoding
ASCII-7:
Bruggenite
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
769
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:769:2
IMA Classification of Brüggenite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Ca(I5+O3)2·H2O
Approval year:
1970
First published:
1971
Classification of Brüggenite
4.KC.10
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
K : Iodates: Trigonal [IO3] pyramids (mostly).
C : Iodates without additional anions, with H2O
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
K : Iodates: Trigonal [IO3] pyramids (mostly).
C : Iodates without additional anions, with H2O
Dana 7th ed.:
21.1.2.1
21.1.2.1
21 : NORMAL IODATES
1 : Miscellaneous
21 : NORMAL IODATES
1 : Miscellaneous
29.4
29 : Iodates
29 : Iodates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Brü | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Brüggenite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colorless to bright yellow.
Streak:
(not reported)
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
4.24 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.244 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Brüggenite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.7755 nβ = 1.7985 nγ = 1.8205
2V:
Measured: 86° to 96°, Calculated: 86°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.045
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v strong
Chemistry of Brüggenite
Mindat Formula:
Ca(IO3)2 · H2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Brüggenite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.509(1) Å, b = 10.027(2) Å, c = 7.512(1) Å
β = 95.267°
β = 95.267°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.849 : 1 : 0.749
Unit Cell V:
638.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals subhedral, to 1 cm, short prismatic, elongated along [001], with {010} and {011}, other faces irregular, and a diamond-shaped cross-section showing {320}.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.051 Å | (100) |
| 3.238 Å | (90) |
| 4.235 Å | (80) |
| 3.739 Å | (60) |
| 3.503 Å | (60) |
| 2.522 Å | (60) |
| 1.7768 Å | (60) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 25 : Evaporites (prebiotic) |
Type Occurrence of Brüggenite
General Appearance of Type Material:
In radiating clusters and long columnar anhedral crystals, intergrown with nitratine; as crusts.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 122445.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Nitrate deposit
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Brüggenite
Other Language Names for Brüggenite
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.KC.05 | Bellingerite | Cu3(IO3)6 · 2H2O |
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
DTA study shows that brüggenite dehydrates to lautarite at 220-325 degrees.
Notes:
Slowly soluble in cold H2O; readily soluble in hot H2O.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Brüggenite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-769.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Brüggenite
Reference List:
Localities for Brüggenite
Showing 3 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile (TL) | |
| Mrose et al. (1971) +2 other references |
| Collao et al. (2002) |
| Konnert et al. (1994) |
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Pampa del Pique III, Oficina Lautaro, Taltal, Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta, Chile