Rewitzerite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Rewitzerite
Formula:
[K(H2O)]Mn2Al3(PO4)4(OH)2 · 14H2O
Colour:
colorless
Specific Gravity:
2.33 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
After Christian Rewitzer (1955 - ), professional German pharmacist from Furth im Wald, Bavaria. Specialist for minerals of Hagendorf and the mineralogy of the Iberian Peninsula. Faculty Member of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, active mineral collector and Mindat user.
The hydroxyl analogue of fluor-rewitzerite. Also related to pleysteinite.
Compare dickinsonite-(KMnNa).
Compare dickinsonite-(KMnNa).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
470779
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:470779:6
IMA Classification of Rewitzerite
Approved
IMA Formula:
K(H2O)Mn2+2(Al2Ti4+)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10·4H2O
Approval year:
2023
Approval history:
IMA no. 2023-005
Classification of Rewitzerite
8.DG.05
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4< 0.5:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4< 0.5:1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Rwz | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Rewitzerite
Colour:
Colorless
Density:
2.33 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Rewitzerite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.585(2) nβ = 1.586(2) nγ = 1.615(2)
2V:
Measured: 25° (2)
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.030
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Rewitzerite
Mindat Formula:
[K(H2O)]Mn2Al3(PO4)4(OH)2 · 14H2O
Element Weights:
Chemical Analysis
Empirical formulas:
| Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
|---|---|
| 1 | A1[K0.77(H2O)0.23]A2[H2O]M1(Mn2+0.82Mg0.64Fe3+0.43◻0.11)M2+M3Σ2.00(Al1.51Ti4+1.06Fe3+0.43)Σ3.00(PO4)X4[(OH)0.54F0.42O1.04]Σ2.00(H2O)10·4H2O |
Sample references:
Crystallography of Rewitzerite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.444(2) Å, b = 20.445(2) Å, c = 12.269(1) Å
β = 90.17(3)°
β = 90.17(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.511 : 1 : 0.6
Unit Cell V:
2,619.76 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 10.26 Å | (53) |
| 7.44 Å | (55) |
| 6.16 Å | (92) |
| 5.19 Å | (40) |
| 3.703 Å | (57) |
| 3.111 Å | (97) |
| 2.862 Å | (100) |
| 2.600 Å | (46) |
Comments:
collections of (1) the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA, catalogue numbers 76280 (holotype), and (2) the Mineralogical State Collection, Theresienstraße 39, 80333 Munich, Germany, catalogue number MSM38037 (cotype)
Type Occurrence of Rewitzerite
General Appearance of Type Material:
clusters of colourless elongated hexagonal-shaped prisms, up to 0.1 mm long
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The holotype specimen is housed in the mineralogical collections of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, catalogue number 76280. Portions of the original holotype specimen, used for
the initial characterisation using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and for the colour images are registered as cotype specimens at the Mineralogical State Collection Munich (SNSB), registration number MSM38037.
the initial characterisation using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and for the colour images are registered as cotype specimens at the Mineralogical State Collection Munich (SNSB), registration number MSM38037.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Rewitzerite
Other Language Names for Rewitzerite
Dutch:Rewitzeriet
German:Rewitzerit
Relationship of Rewitzerite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Paulkerrite Group:
| Benyacarite | (H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca |
| Bergbauerite | (H2O)2Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4(OH)2(H2O)10 · 4H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca |
| Fluor-rewitzerite | [(H2O)K]Mn2(Al2Ti)(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Fluormacraeite | [(H2O)K]Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Hochleitnerite | Mn2Ti3(PO4)4O2(H2O)2 · 14H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca |
| Hydroxylbenyacarite | (H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca |
| Macraeite | K(H2O)Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Mantienneite | KMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca |
| Paulkerrite | K(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2O | Mon. m |
| Pleysteinite | [(H2O)0.5K0.5]2Mn2Al3(PO4)4F2 · 14H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbca |
| Sperlingite | (H2O)K(Mn2+Fe3+)(Al2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)] [(H2O)9(OH)] · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.DG. | Jasonsmithite | Mn2+4ZnAl(PO4)4(OH)(H2O)7 · 3.5H2O |
| 8.DG. | Davidbrownite-(NH4) | (NH4)5(V4+O)2(C2O4)[PO2.75(OH)1.25]4 · 3H2O |
| 8.DG. | Relianceite-(K) | K4Mg(V4+O)2(C2O4)(PO3OH)4(H2O)10 |
| 8.DG. | Pleysteinite | [(H2O)0.5K0.5]2Mn2Al3(PO4)4F2 · 14H2O |
| 8.DG.05 | Fluor-rewitzerite | [(H2O)K]Mn2(Al2Ti)(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2O |
| 8.DG.05 | Lavendulan | NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O |
| 8.DG.05 | Lemanskiite | NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 3H2O |
| 8.DG.05 | Sampleite | NaCaCu5(PO4)4Cl · 5H2O |
| 8.DG.05 | Zdenĕkite | NaPbCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O |
| 8.DG.10 | Dacostaite | K(Mg2Al)[Mg(H2O)6]2(AsO4)2F6 · 2H2O |
Radioactivity
Radioactivity:
| Element | % Content | Activity (Bq/kg) | Radiation Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uranium (U) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Thorium (Th) | 0.0000% | 0 | α, β, γ |
| Potassium (K) | 4.2775% | 1,326 | β, γ |
For comparison:
- Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
- Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
- EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg
Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.
Interactive Simulator:
Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!
Activity: –
| Distance | Dose rate | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1 cm | ||
| 10 cm | ||
| 1 m |
The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μshield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).
D = ((AU × ΓU) + (ATh × ΓTh) + (AK × ΓK)) / r2 × μshield
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Rewitzerite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-470779.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Rewitzerite
Reference List:
Bosi, Ferdinando; Hatert, Frédéric; Pasero, Marco; Mills, Stuart J. (2023) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) – Newsletter 73. European Journal of Mineralogy, 35 (3). 397-402 doi:10.5194/ejm-35-397-2023
Grey, Ian E.; Hochleitner, Rupert; Kampf, Anthony R.; Boer, Stephanie; MacRae, Colin M.; Mumme, William G.; Keck, Erich (2023) Rewitzerite, K(H2O)Mn2(Al2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10⋅4H2O, a new monoclinic paulkerrite-group mineral, from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Oberpfalz, Bavaria, Germany. Mineralogical Magazine, 87 (6). 830-838 doi:10.1180/mgm.2023.55
Localities for Rewitzerite
Showing 2 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany | |
| Grey et al. (2026) +1 other reference |
| Bosi et al. (2023) +1 other reference |
Quick NavTopAbout RewitzeriteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Chemical AnalysisCrystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsStrunz-MindatRadioactivityOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany