Vendidaite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Vendidaite
Formula:
Al2(SO4)(OH)3Cl · 6H2O
Colour:
Colorless
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
1.97
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
For the type locality of La Vendida Mine, Chile.
This page provides mineralogical data about Vendidaite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
43854
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:43854:6
IMA Classification of Vendidaite
Classification of Vendidaite
7.DC.55
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Ven | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Vendidaite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colorless
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Estimated
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
on (010)
on (010)
Density:
1.97(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 1.974 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Vendidaite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.522(2) nβ = 1.524(2) nγ = 1.527(2)
2V:
Calculated: 79°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.005
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Low (negative)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
None.
Optical Extinction:
Z = b; X and Y lie in the ac plane.
Chemistry of Vendidaite
Mindat Formula:
Al2(SO4)(OH)3Cl · 6H2O
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Vendidaite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/b
Setting:
C2/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.9246(16) Å, b = 16.134(2) Å, c = 7.4573(9) Å
β = 125.815(2)°
β = 125.815(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.739 : 1 : 0.462
Unit Cell V:
1,163.43 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Platy crystals flattened on (010) with forms {010} (major), and {100}, {001}, and {101} (minor).
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0020045 | Vendidaite | Chukanov N V, Krivovichev S V, Chernyatieva A P (2013) Vendidaite, Al2(SO4)(OH)3Cl*6H2O, a new mineral from La Vendida copper mine, Antofagasta region, Chile The Canadian Mineralogist 51 559-568 | 2013 | La Vendida copper mine, Antofagasta region, Chile | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.78 Å | (59) |
| 4.849 Å | (94) |
| 4.366 Å | (80) |
| 4.030 Å | (75) |
| 3.855 Å | (100) |
| 3.745 Å | (43) |
| 2.764 Å | (45) |
| 2.435 Å | (52) |
Comments:
La Vendida Mine, Antofagasta, Chile. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Vendidaite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Platy crystals up to 0.01 × 0.3 × 0.3 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the collections of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, registration number 4335/1.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Secondary mineral occurring in thin fissures in strongly altered dacitic-andesitic volcanic breccias.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Vendidaite
Other Language Names for Vendidaite
Dutch:Vendidaiet
German:Vendidait
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Vendidaite associated with Eriochalcite | CuCl2 · 2H2O |
| 2 photos of Vendidaite associated with Riotintoite | Al(SO4)(OH) · 3H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.DC.05 | Meta-aluminite | Al2(SO4)(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| 7.DC.05 | Aluminite | Al2(SO4)(OH)4 · 7H2O |
| 7.DC.10 | Parabutlerite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 2H2O |
| 7.DC.10 | Butlerite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 2H2O |
| 7.DC.15 | Fibroferrite | Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O |
| 7.DC.20 | Xitieshanite | Fe3+(SO4)Cl · 6H2O |
| 7.DC.25 | Zincobotryogen | (Zn,Mg,Mn2+)Fe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O |
| 7.DC.25 | Botryogen | MgFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O |
| 7.DC.30 | Chaidamuite | ZnFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 4H2O |
| 7.DC.30 | Guildite | CuFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 4H2O |
| 7.DC.40 | Pauladamsite | Cu4(SeO3)(SO4)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 7.DC.45 | Riotintoite | Al(SO4)(OH) · 3H2O |
| 7.DC.50 | Thorneite | Pb6(Te6+2O10)(CO3)Cl2(H2O) |
Other Information
IR Spectrum:
The IR spectrum is unique and can be used as a reliable diagnostic tool.
Notes:
Insoluble in water. Dissolves slowly in warm 20% HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Vendidaite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-43854.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Vendidaite
Reference List:
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2013) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2013. CNMNC Newsletter No 16. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (6) 2695-2709 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.6.01
Chukanov, Nikita V., Krivovichev, Sergey V., Chernyatieva, Anastasiya P., Möhn, Gerhard, Pekov, Igor V., Belakovskiy, Dmitriy I., Van, Konstantin V., Lorenz, Joachim A. (2013) Vendidaite, Al2(SO4)(OH)3Cl·6H2O, a new mineral from La Vendida copper mine, Antofagasta region, Chile. The Canadian Mineralogist, 51 (4) 559-568 doi:10.3749/canmin.51.4.559
Localities for Vendidaite
Showing 1 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile (TL) | |
| Chukanov et al. (2013) |
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La Vendida Mine, Sierra Gorda, Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta, Chile