Plumbonacrite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Plumbonacrite
Formula:
Pb5O(OH)2(CO3)3
Colour:
Colorless to white
Lustre:
Pearly
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
7.07
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
For the chemical composition ('plumbo') and the pearly lustre ('nacre').
A grandfathered species which was formerly not approved as a mineral. It was redefined and revalidated by the IMA in June 2012, with a newly defined type locality.
Plumbonacrite is closely related to hydrocerussite, but has a different chemical composition (less carbonate), unit cell and space group (P-3c1, Weil et al., unpublished data; note that the space group given in Krivovichev & Burns, 2000, is incorrect).
Plumbonacrite is also closely related to somersetite.
Visually very similar to Unnamed (Na-Pb Carbonate-Hydroxide II) (a slag phase).
Plumbonacrite has a narrow stability field (Taylor & Lopata, 1984).
Plumbonacrite is closely related to hydrocerussite, but has a different chemical composition (less carbonate), unit cell and space group (P-3c1, Weil et al., unpublished data; note that the space group given in Krivovichev & Burns, 2000, is incorrect).
Plumbonacrite is also closely related to somersetite.
Visually very similar to Unnamed (Na-Pb Carbonate-Hydroxide II) (a slag phase).
Plumbonacrite has a narrow stability field (Taylor & Lopata, 1984).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3229
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3229:8
IMA Classification of Plumbonacrite
Approved
IMA status notes:
Renamed by the IMA
IMA Formula:
Pb2+5(CO3)3O(OH)2
First published:
1889
Approval history:
Renamed by IMA: 2012
Classification of Plumbonacrite
5.BE.15
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
B : Carbonates with additional anions, without H2O
E : With Pb, Bi
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
B : Carbonates with additional anions, without H2O
E : With Pb, Bi
16a.5.1.1
16a : ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : Miscellaneous
16a : ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : Miscellaneous
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Pncr | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Plumbonacrite
Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colorless to white
Streak:
White
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Density:
7.07 g/cm3 (Measured)
Comment:
Measured value is for synthetic material.
Chemistry of Plumbonacrite
Mindat Formula:
Pb5O(OH)2(CO3)3
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Plumbonacrite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m(32/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:
P3c1
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.0921 Å, b = 7 Å, c = 24.923(3) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.299 : 1 : 3.56
Unit Cell V:
1784.3 ų
Z:
6
Morphology:
Thin hexagonal plates.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014551 | Plumbonacrite | Krivovichev S V, Burns P C (2000) Crystal chemistry of basic lead carbonates II. Crystal structure of synthetic `plumbonacrite' Mineralogical Magazine 64 1069-1075 |  | 2000 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.26 Å | (8) |
| 3.98 Å | (3) |
| 3.357 Å | (7) |
| 2.953 Å | (4) |
| 2.619 Å | (10) |
| 2.235 Å | (4) |
| 1.699 Å | (5) |
Comments:
Similar to the data of hydrocerussite.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55) |
Type Occurrence of Plumbonacrite
Co-Type Localities:
General Appearance of Type Material:
Very minute scaly crystals, which unite to form thin flakes.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
n.d.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Plumbonacrite
Other Language Names for Plumbonacrite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 3 photos of Plumbonacrite associated with Mereheadite | Pb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2 |
| 3 photos of Plumbonacrite associated with Rickturnerite | Pb7O4[Mg(OH)4](OH)Cl3 |
| 2 photos of Plumbonacrite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| 2 photos of Plumbonacrite associated with Somersetite | Pb8O2(OH)2(CO3)5 |
| 2 photos of Plumbonacrite associated with Hydrocerussite | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Plumbonacrite associated with Symesite | Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 5.BE.X | Abellaite | NaPb2(CO3)2(OH) |
| 5.BE.05 | Shannonite | Pb2O(CO3) |
| 5.BE.10 | Hydrocerussite | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| 5.BE.20 | Phosgenite | Pb2CO3Cl2 |
| 5.BE.25 | Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| 5.BE.30 | Kettnerite | CaBiCO3OF |
| 5.BE.35 | Beyerite | Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2 |
| 5.BE.40 | Grootfonteinite | Pb3O(CO3)2 |
| 5.BE.45 | Somersetite | Pb8O2(OH)2(CO3)5 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Plumbonacrite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3229.html
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References for Plumbonacrite
Reference List:
Heddle, Matthew Forster (1889) On Dudgeonite, Hydroplumbite, Plumbonacrite. and Plattnerite. Mineralogical Magazine, 8 (39) 200-203 doi:10.1180/minmag.1889.008.39.07
Cowley, J. M. (1956) Electron-diffraction study of the structure of basic lead carbonate, 2PbCO3.Pb(OH)2. Acta Crystallographica, 9 (4) 391-396 doi:10.1107/s0365110x56001133
Katz, Gerald., Lefker, Robert. (1957) Crystallographic Data - Basic Lead Carbonate, 2PbCo3-Pb(OH)2. Analytical Chemistry, 29 (12). 1894 doi:10.1021/ac60132a604
Katz, G., Reed, L. (1957) Unit cell and space group of basic lead carbonate. Acta Crystallographica, 10 (2) 142 doi:10.1107/s0365110x57000444
Olby, J.K. (1966) The basic lead carbonates. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 28 (11) 2507-2512 doi:10.1016/0022-1902(66)80373-1
Haacke, D.F., Williams, P.A. (1981) Stability of plumbonacrite. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 43 (2) 406 doi:10.1016/0022-1902(81)90036-1
Brooker, Murray H., Sunder, S., Taylor, Peter, Lopata, Vincent J. (1983) Infrared and Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction studies of solid lead(II) carbonates. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 61 (3). 494-502 doi:10.1139/v83-087
Flemming, Nona J., Lopata, Vincent J., Sanipelli, Barbara L., Taylor, Peter (1984) Thermal decomposition of basic lead carbonates: A comparison of hydrocerussite and plumbonacrite. Thermochimica Acta, 81. 1-8 doi:10.1016/0040-6031(84)85104-7
Taylor, Peter, Lopata, Vincent J. (1984) Stability and solubility relationships between some solids in the system PbO–CO2–H2O. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 62 (3). 395-402 doi:10.1139/v84-070
Shoesmith, D. W., Bailey, M. G. (1988) Anodic oxidation of lead in aqueous carbonate solutions. I. Film formation and dissolution at pH = 12. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 66 (10). 2652-2657 doi:10.1139/v88-416
Shoesmith, D. W., Bailey, M. G., Taylor, P. (1988) Anodic oxidation of lead in aqueous carbonate solutions. II. Film formation and dissolution in the pH range 9 to 14. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 66 (11). 2941-2946 doi:10.1139/v88-454
Krivovichev, S. V., Burns, P. C. (2000) Crystal chemistry of basic lead carbonates. II. Crystal structure of synthetic ‘plumbonacrite’. Mineralogical Magazine, 64 (6) 1069-1075 doi:10.1180/002646100549887
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2012) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2012. CNMNC Newsletter No 14. Mineralogical Magazine, 76 (5) 1281-1288 doi:10.1180/minmag.2012.076.5.15
Siidra, Oleg, Nekrasova, Diana, Depmeier, Wulf, Chukanov, Nikita, Zaitsev, Anatoly, Turner, Rick (2018) Hydrocerussite-related minerals and materials: structural principles, chemical variations and infrared spectroscopy. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials, 74 (2). 182-195 doi:10.1107/s2052520618000768
Localities for Plumbonacrite
Showing 17 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Jovic et al. (2011) |
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2013) |
Finland | |
| Kuikka (2014) |
France | |
| Lheur et al. (1998) |
| Patrice Queneau Collection visual identification. Confirmed. Analyzed by Nicolas Meisser (Naturéum) |
Germany | |
| Uwe Kolitsch (powder X-ray diffraction + SEM-EDS) +1 other reference |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
| Schnorrer (1993) |
| Gerhard Möhn Collection Analyzed by ... |
| Gerhard Möhn Collection Analyzed by ... |
Japan | |
| Miyawaki |
Sweden | |
| S. Krivovichev (unpublished data) |
UK (TL) | |
| Turner et al. (2010) +2 other references |
| Anthony et al. (2016) |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Dietrich (1990) |
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Långban Mine, Långban Ore District, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden