Millosevichite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Millosevichite
Federico Millosevich
Formula:
Al2(SO4)3
Colour:
Red, violet-blue; becoming grey with hydration
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
1½
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Named in 1913 by Ugo Panichi in honor of Federico Millosevich (10 January 1875, Venice – 9 November 1942, Rome, Italy), mineralogist, University of Rome.
Compare also sulfalumite. The Al analogue of mikasaite. Structurally related to koryakite.
The hydrated counterparts of millosevichite include UM1976-22-SO:AlFeH, Unnamed (Al Sulphate-Hydrate), 'meta-alunogen', and alunogen.
The hydrated counterparts of millosevichite include UM1976-22-SO:AlFeH, Unnamed (Al Sulphate-Hydrate), 'meta-alunogen', and alunogen.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2713
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2713:3
IMA Classification of Millosevichite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Al2(S6+O4)3
First published:
1913
Classification of Millosevichite
7.AB.05
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
A : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, without H2O
B : With medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
A : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, without H2O
B : With medium-sized cations
28.4.5.1
28 : ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
4 : Miscellaneous
28 : ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
4 : Miscellaneous
25.11.24
25 : Sulphates
11 : Sulphates of Fe and other metals
25 : Sulphates
11 : Sulphates of Fe and other metals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Msv | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Millosevichite
Vitreous
Colour:
Red, violet-blue; becoming grey with hydration
Comment:
The color fades if the mineral absorbs moisture from the air. Panichi (1913) gives purple, fading to light gray. Srebrodol'skii (1974) give cherry-red, fading to clear red to brick-red.
Streak:
Red
Hardness:
1½ on Mohs scale
Optical Data of Millosevichite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.5 nε = 1.515
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.015
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate (negative)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized uniaxial interference figure - the conoscopic
(convergent-light, Bertrand-lens-in) view, for a grain cut with the optic axis
centred and vertical. The coloured rings are isochromatics, computed with the
same physics as the Michel-Lévy bar above; the dark cross is the isogyre.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
For a genuinely uniaxial mineral viewed this way, that cross stays perfectly stationary if you rotate the stage - unlike a biaxial mineral, where it splits apart on rotation. That invariance is itself the standard diagnostic test for telling uniaxial and biaxial minerals apart at the microscope.
Comments:
Optically isotropic with n = 1.573
Chemistry of Millosevichite
Mindat Formula:
Al2(SO4)3
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Millosevichite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3 - Rhombohedral
Space Group:
R3
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.055 Å, c = 21.191 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 2.631
Unit Cell V:
1,190.73 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
6
Morphology:
Granular masses exhibiting small, clear crystals on their surfaces.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0011035 | Millosevichite | Dahmen T, Gruehn R (1993) Beitrage zum thermischen verhalten von sulfaten. IX. Einkristallstrukturverfeinerung der metall(III)-sulfate Cr2(SO4)3 und Al2(SO4)3 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 204 57-65 |  | 1993 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.50 Å | (100) |
| 5.81 Å | (50) |
| 2.656 Å | (40) |
| 4.23 Å | (30) |
| 2.91 Å | (30) |
| 2.357 Å | (20) |
| 2.220 Å | (20) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45a : [Sulfates, arsenates, selenates, antimonates] | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) |
Geological Setting:
High temperature fumaroles; burning coal.
Type Occurrence of Millosevichite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Incrustations. Compact to granular composed to countless minute crystals.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Fumarole
Synonyms of Millosevichite
Other Language Names for Millosevichite
Dutch:Millosevichiet
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 4 photos of Millosevichite associated with Voltaite | K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
| 4 photos of Millosevichite associated with Godovikovite | (NH4)Al(SO4)2 |
| 1 photo of Millosevichite associated with Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.AB. | Dravertite | CuMg(SO4)2 |
| 7.AB. | Andymcdonaldite | Fe2TeO6 |
| 7.AB. | Dagenaisite | Zn3Te6+O6 |
| 7.AB.05 | Mikasaite | Fe2(SO4)3 |
| 7.AB.05 | Koryakite | NaKMg2Al2(SO4)6 |
| 7.AB.10 | Zinkosite | ZnSO4 |
| 7.AB.10 | Chalcocyanite | CuSO4 |
| 7.AB.15 | Hermannjahnite | CuZn(SO4)2 |
| 7.AB.25 | Ottoite | Pb2TeO5 |
| 7.AB.55 | Mcalpineite | Cu3(Te6+O6) |
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
Slight change at 95C (hygroscopic water), large endothermic change at 850C (decomposition of sulfate)
Notes:
Hygroscopic and easily altered.
Insoluble in water, dissolved by acids.
Insoluble in water, dissolved by acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Millosevichite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2713.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Millosevichite
Reference List:
Spencer, L. J. (1913) A (sixth) list of new mineral names. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 16 (77) 352-378 doi:10.1180/minmag.1913.016.77.09
Dahmen, Thomas, Gruehn, Reginald (1993) Beiträge zum thermischen Verhalten von Sulfaten. IX. Einkristallstrukturverfeinerung der Metall(III)-sulfate Cr2(SO4)3 und Al2(SO4)3. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 204 (12). 57-65 doi:10.1524/zkri.1993.204.12.57
Localities for Millosevichite
Showing 27 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Bulgaria | |
| Elena Shcherbakova (2010) |
Cape Verde | |
| Silva et al. (2019) |
China | |
| Stracher et al. (2005) |
Czech Republic | |
| Žáček et al. (1995) |
| Hyrsl J. +2 other references |
| Sejkora et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Matýsek et al. (2022) |
France | |
| Bourgoin et al. (2011) |
Germany | |
| Witzke et al. (2015) |
| Košek (2018) +1 other reference | |
| Witzke et al. (1998) |
Greece | |
| Schnorrer (1995) +1 other reference |
| Rieck (n.d.) | |
| Voudouris (2011) |
Hungary | |
| Koller G.Own found. |
| Szakáll et al. (1997) |
Iran | |
| Khorasanipour (2015) |
Italy | |
| PANICHI U. (1913) |
| Panichi (1913) |
| www.mindat.org (n.d.) +1 other reference |
Poland | |
| Parafiniuk et al. (2009) |
| Kruszewski (2012) |
| Parafiniuk et al. (2009) |
Russia | |
| www.kscnet.ru (2019) |
Slovakia | |
| Juraj ŽItňan (2011) |
USA | |
| Livingston et al. (2005, December) |
| rruff.geo.arizona.edu (n.d.) |
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Anna mine, Alsdorf, Aachen, Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany