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Kawadgaon-Challanpara pegmatite field, Dantewada District, Chhattisgarh, Indiai
Regional Level Types
Kawadgaon-Challanpara pegmatite fieldPegmatite Field
Dantewada DistrictDistrict
ChhattisgarhState
IndiaCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
18° 55' 0'' North , 81° 31' 59'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
18.91667,81.53333
GRN:
N13E55
Area:
3.0 km2
Type:
Pegmatite Field
Age:
1850 ± 2330 to Ma
Geologic Time:
Orosirian
Dating method:
87Rb/86Sr from muscovite
Reference for age:
Singh, Yamuna, Chabria, T. (2002) Early Proterozoic 87Rb-86Sr Model Ages of Pegmatitic Muscovite from Rare Metal-bearing Granite-Pegamtite System of Kawadgaon, Bastar Craton, Central India. Gondwana Research, 5 (4) 889-893 doi:10.1016/s1342-937x(05)70924-2
Köppen climate type:
Aw : Tropical savanna, wet
Mindat Locality ID:
467737
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:467737:9
GUID (UUID V4):
0


The pegmatites occur within the Kawadgaon granite either as veins or as fracture fillings. The pegmatites are considered co-genetic with the granite based on field relations, despite large differences in estimated ages( granite 2497+/- 152Ma and pegmatites 2330-1850Ma).

The pegmatites range from small barren veins to lenticular, tabular, elongated, stock- or pod-shaped, tear-shaped, ramifying and branching bodies of variable dimensions up to 300 m long and up to 100 m wide. They also occur as isolated veins and dykes, and groups of 3 - 4 pegmatites forming criss-cross veination. Many pegmatites near Kawadgaon form up to 30 - 50 m high linear ridges or mounds. The pegmatite dykes are sub-vertical to vertical.

Singh et al.(2019) estimate that around 40 tonnes of Nb–Ta minerals and 45 tonnes of beryl, besides monazite has been produced from 150000 tonnes of pegmatite. Also cassiterite has been mined.

Singe et al.(2017) classify the pegmatites as
- Barren to beryl bearing pegmatites
- Beryl type Nb rich columbite/tantalite pegmatites
- Beryl type Ta-rich columbite/tantalite pegmatites
- Albitised tin pegmatites

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

17 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ 'Aeschynite'
Description: Aeschynite occur in thin pockets in association with greisenised zones. In polished sections it is optically isotropic because of its metamict nature. At normal temperatures, aeschynite do not show its characteristic XRD pattern; however, on heating at about 900 - 1000 degrees aeschynite show its characteristic XRD pattern.
ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Description: The albitised pegmatites contain grey - white, and earthy albite. Due to pervasive albitisation, some of the perthites have been almost completely replaced by albite. Albite also occurs as the cleavelandite variety and / or equigranular saccharoidal aggregates of sugary albite, with or without intergrown tiny quartz grains and greenish mica.
ⓘ Albite var. Cleavelandite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Description: Beryl is mostly earthy-white, greenish, occasionally yellowish, with or without iron oxide stainings, particularly along fractures. It occurs in various sizes ranging from tiny to large euhedral crystals. It exhibits a columnar habit, representing a combination of hexagonal prism and a pinacoid. Often, euhedral crystals measuring from 1 cm in length and less than 1 cm in width to 30 cm in length and 15 cm in width have been found around the quartz core. In places, well-developed prismatic crystals occur within the quartz core, which vary in size from 1 cm in length and less than 1 cm in diameter to 10 cm in length and 10 cm in diameter. Twinned and zoned crystals are also present. Significantly, abundant beryl crystals of different sizes have also been found studded within perthite zones.
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
Description: Cassiterite occurs in albitised pegmatites in the form of small anhedral to euhedral crystals. In albitised portions, pockets of aggregates of euhedral cassiterite crystals have been found. In certain pegmatites pockets, cassiterite aggregates of up to 15 cm x 12 cm x 8 cm have been found. XRD analysis of cassiterite revealed that apart from cassiterite (bulk), trace amounts of ixiolite, wodginite, microlite, and ilmenite are also present in it as intergrown phases. Albite is the main host mineral of cassiterite. Minor silvery white mica, sugary albite, and cleavelandite are associated with cassiterite in the Sn-pegmatites.
ⓘ Columbite-(Fe)
Formula: Fe2+Nb2O6
ⓘ 'Columbite-Tantalite'
Habit: tabular
Colour: black and brownish black
Description: Columbite-tantalite is black and brownish black, and is fine to coarse-grained, massive, tabular (generally 0.1 -2.0 cm thick), and vertically stacked crystals. It occurs randomly distributed in the intermediate zone, but is mostly located close to quartz core. The largest crystal found was 15 cm in length, 11cm in breadth, and 4.5 cm in thickness. In addition, it also occurs as fine grains and lumps. Intergrown columbite-tantalite and ixiolite crystals may occur with relative variable abundances. Such intergrowths contain more Ta than Nb. Columbite-tantalite shows large chemical variations. It contains 30.93 to 58.51% Nb2O5, 16.32 to 38.80% Ta2O5, and 0.84 to 16.77% SnO2. In general Fe (10.08 to 15.19% FeO) predominates over Mn (2.84 to 6.78% MnO), with Ta/(Ta+Nb) 0.25 to 0.64 and Mn/(Mn+Fe) 0.51 to 0.37. Appreciable amounts of W (0.38 to 1.40% WO3) and Ti (1.43 to 2.64% TiO2) are also present. The columbite-tantalite is invariably radioactive due to presence of U (0.08 to 0.17% U3O8) and Th (0.02 to 1.03% ThO2) contents
ⓘ Euxenite-(Y)
Formula: (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Description: Euxenite occur in thin pockets in association with greisenised zones. Polished sections are optically isotropic because of their metamict nature. At normal temperatures, euxenite do not show its characteristic XRD patterns; however, on heating at about 800 euxenite show its characteristic XRD patterns.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'
ⓘ Fersmite
Formula: CaNb2O6
Description: Fersmite occurs as a minor phase associated with columbite-tantalite.
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
ⓘ 'Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series'
Description: Ixiolite is iron black to greyish in colour with (determined) specific gravity varying between 5.34 and 6.65. In a pegmatite at Metapal, it is the main ore mineral that occurs in all the zones as a major Nb-Ta mineral. Fe rich, Nb-dominant ixiolite has been analysed. It is characterized by a high Nb (58.8% Nb2O5)and low Ta (14.2% Ta2O5)content. The Sn content is also very low (0.3% SnO2). It is also Fe dominant as the FeO (10.6%) content is two times more than MnO (5.6%) content.
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Description: Perthitic and non-perthitic microcline is the main feldspar. Coarse crystals and blebs of perthite are also seen within the quartz cores near their margins. Coarse-grained feldspar lenses are cut by irregular masses of grey quartz, which themselves contain subhedral perthitic crystals. The inner parts of the intermediate zones of several zoned pegmatites consist almost entirely of perthite, whereas, the outer parts comprise intergrowths of quartz, feldspar, and muscovite and occasionally biotite.
ⓘ 'Microlite Group'
Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
Description: Microlite occurs in association with columbite-tantalite and also independently. However, it is difficult to distinguish it megascopically from other Nb-Ta phases
ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(PO4)
Description: Brownish yellow monazite occurs as fine- to coarse grained fragments, lumps, and crystals. The monazite has also been observed in jig concentrates of many pegmatites, having a concentration of less than 1% with crystals of up to 1.3 cm in size. It also occurs in anhedral, tabular, and elongated habits. Bigger crystals display flattened [100] or elongated [100] habit, and show development of (100) or (111) faces. Crystal faces are smooth, pitted, or striated.
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Description: Primary muscovite is colourless or ruby red, and present almost in all pegmatite zones. Bigger books and tabular crystals up to 15 cm across are present in wall / intermediate zones of the pegmatites.
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Description: Massive or fractured, colourless to milky white and opalescent quartz is the most abundant mineral that is present in all zones of the pegmatites. In the core, it is present as a massive body or small disconnected lenses. At places, it is brecciated and crushed into pieces of variable lengths (3-8 cm) being set in a siliceous and ferruginous groundmass. Quartz crystals with comb pattern are also found. Occasionally, quartz occurs in miarolitic cavities of various shapes and sizes.
ⓘ 'Tapiolite'
Formula: (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ Topaz
Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘ Wodginite
Formula: Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
ⓘ 'Xenotime'
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ'Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series'4..
ⓘ'Microlite Group'4.00.A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘCassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
ⓘColumbite-(Fe)4.DB.35Fe2+Nb2O6
ⓘWodginite4.DB.40Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
ⓘEuxenite-(Y)4.DG.05(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ⓘFersmite4.DG.05CaNb2O6
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘMonazite-(Ce)8.AD.50Ce(PO4)
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘAlmandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘTopaz9.AF.35Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
ⓘBeryl9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMicrocline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Cleavelandite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
ⓘ'Aeschynite'-
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Tapiolite'-(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
ⓘ'Xenotime'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group
var. Perthite'		-
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'Columbite-Tantalite'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
BeBeryllium
Beⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
OOxygen
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Oⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Oⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Oⓘ Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Oⓘ FersmiteCaNb2O6
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Oⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Oⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
FFluorine
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Alⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Alⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Siⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
KPotassium
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Caⓘ FersmiteCaNb2O6
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
MnManganese
Mnⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Mnⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mnⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
FeIron
Feⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
YYttrium
Yⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
NbNiobium
Nbⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Nbⓘ Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Nbⓘ FersmiteCaNb2O6
Nbⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
SnTin
Snⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Snⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
CeCerium
Ceⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ceⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
TaTantalum
Taⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Taⓘ Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) Series
Taⓘ Microlite GroupA2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
Taⓘ Tapiolite(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Taⓘ WodginiteMn2+Sn4+Ta2O8
ThThorium
Thⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
UUranium
Uⓘ Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6

Localities in this Region

India

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent
Indian Plate (India Plate)Tectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Singh, Yamuna (1998) Early Proterozoic Rare Metal and Tin Pegmatites near Kawadgaon, Bastar, M.P.: An Example of Vertical Pegmatite Zonation. Journal Geological Society of India, 51 (2). 175-182 doi:10.17491/jgsi/1998/510205
Singh, Yamuna, Chabria, T. (2002) Early Proterozoic 87Rb-86Sr Model Ages of Pegmatitic Muscovite from Rare Metal-bearing Granite-Pegamtite System of Kawadgaon, Bastar Craton, Central India. Gondwana Research, 5 (4) 889-893 doi:10.1016/s1342-937x(05)70924-2
Singh, Yamuna (2007) Trace Element Chemistry of Muscovite from Rare Metal Pegmatites of Kawadgaon, Bastar District, Chhattisgarh. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 69 (4). 795-798 doi:10.17491/jgsi/2007/690415
Singh, Yamuna, Pandit, P. S. C., Bagora, Sanjay, Jain, P. K. (2017) Mineralogy, geochemistry, and genesis of co-genetic granite-pegmatite-hosted rare metal and rare earth deposits of the Kawadgaon area, Bastar craton, Central India. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 89 (2) 115-130 doi:10.1007/s12594-017-0574-2
Singh, Yamuna, Sastry, D. V. L. N., Bagora, Sanjay, Pandit, P. S. C., Rai, S. D., Verma, M. B. (2018) Dating of Columbite-tantalite and Monazite from Pegmatites of the Kawadgaon–Challanpara Area, Bastar Craton, Central India. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 92 (1) 7-10 doi:10.1007/s12594-018-0946-2
Singh, Yamuna, Rout, G. B., Bhatt, A. K., Pandit, P. S. C., Bagora, Sanjay, Gupta, P. K., Rai, S. D., Joshi, G. B. (2019) High-Field Strength Elements Geochemistry of Granite and Co-genetic Pegmatites of the Kawadgaon Area, Bastar Craton, Central India. In Society of Earth Scientists Series. Springer International Publishing. p.629-650. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89698-4_24
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