ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื•ืŸ (1909ึพ1989)

 <ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”>

Chaim Rabinson

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื™ืืกื™, ืจื•ืžื ื™ื”, ื‘ื™' ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืจืก"ื˜, 1 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1909*. ื ืฆืจ ืœืฉื•ืฉืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืžืฆื“ ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืืžื•. ื‘ึพ1932 ื”ื•ืกืžืš ืœืจื‘ื ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืืฉื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืืกื™, ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื“ืชื™ื™ื. ื”ื•ื›ืจ ื›ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืคื™ืจืกื ืžืฉื™ืจื™ื• ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื‘ึพ1943 ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจืฉื˜ ืกืคืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืœืงื˜ื ื•ืช. ื”ื—ืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื™ืืกื™, ืืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื• ื ืงื˜ืขื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื‘ึพ1944 ืขืœื” ืืจืฆื” ืขื ืืฉืชื• ื•ื‘ืชื• ื•ืฉื”ื” ืขืžืŸ ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืขืงื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืชืœื™ืช. ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉืชืงืขื” ื‘ื’ื‘ืขืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ึพ1963 ืกื™ื™ื ืชื•ืืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ืื‘ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจืช ื•ื—ื•ืงืจืช ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื—ื“ื•ื•ื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื•ืŸึพื‘ื›ืจืš.
   

ืฉื™ืจื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื ื“ืคืก ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ึพ1931, ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืืกื™. ื‘ึพ1966 ื ื“ืคืก ืกืคืจ ืฉื™ืจื™ื•, ื™ืžื™ ื”ืื“ืžื” (ืžืกื“ื”). ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื™ืจืกื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืคืจื™ ืฉื™ืจื” ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ืงื“ืฉ ื—ื™: ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ื•ืฉื™ืจ (1982); ืžืื–ื ื™ ืžืื•ื•ื™ื™ื (1987); ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ ืฉื™ืจ (1987). ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืขืกืง ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืฆืจืคืชื™ืช, ืžืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ื•ืžืจื•ืžื ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื” ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื”ืจืฆื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”ืดืœ. ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœืฉืคื•ืช ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื™ื“ืข ืฉื•ืžืจื™ืช, ืื›ื“ื™ืช ื•ืืจืžื™ืช. ืฉื™ืจืชื• ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ื™ื“ืขื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืขื ืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืžืื’ื™ืช. ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื˜ื ื›ืžื™ื”ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ืข. ื‘ึพ1982 ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ืคืจืก ืคื™ื›ืžืŸ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•.
    ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื•ืŸ ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื•' ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉ"ืŸ, 5 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 1989 ื•ื ื˜ืžืŸ ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื•ืช, ื‘ื’ื‘ืขืช ืฉืื•ืœ, ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.
* โ€“ ืœืคื™ ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ืžืื– ืชืฉ"ื— (ื’ืจื ื•ืช) ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘-1906; ื•ืœืคื™ ืœื›ืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช (ืงืจืกืœ) - ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื™"ื– ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืจืข"ื“, 13 ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 1914.

ื ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื” ื“ื™ื™ืŸ-ืงื•ื“ื™ืฉ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืœืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื
[ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื: ืงืจืกืœ, ื’ืจื ื•ืช]

ืกืคืจื™ื•:
  • ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืงื˜ื ื•ืช (ื‘ื•ืงืืจืกื˜ : ื”ืงื”ืœื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช, ืชืฉ"ื“) <ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื - ืกืœื•ื™ื” ืืœืžื•ืœื™>
  • ื™ืžื™ ื”ืื“ืžื” : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ: ืžืกื“ื”, 1966)
  • ืงื“ืฉ ื—ื™ : ืกื•ื ื˜ื” ื•ืฉื™ืจ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช, ืชืฉืž"ื’ 1982)
  • ืžืื–ื ื™ ืžืื•ื•ื™ื™ื : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืจื•ืžื ื™ื”, 1987)
  • ื—ืœืงื™ืงื™ ืฉื™ืจ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืจื•ืžื ื™ื”, 1987)
ืขืจื™ื›ื”:
  • ื™ืขืงื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืืฉ : ืกืคืจ ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ / ืœื™ืงื˜, ืชืจื’ื ื•ืขืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื•ืŸ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ื”ืกืคืจ, ืชืฉืœ"ื‘ 1971)
  • ืกืคืจ ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ื”ืกืคืจ, ืชืฉืœ"ื“)
ืชืจื’ื•ื:
  • ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉื‘ืจ : ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ / ื“ืจ ื ืกืชืจ (ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, 1947ึพ1951) <ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืฉืžืฉื•ืŸ ื ื—ืžื ื™ ื•ื"ื“ ืฉืคื™ืจ> <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘-1963 ื•ื‘-1992>
  • ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื•ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ : ื' ืกื•ืฆืงื‘ืจ : ืžืกื” / ื™. ื—. ื‘ื™ืœื™ืฆืงื™ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื™"ืœ ืคืจืฅ, 1962) <ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืกื•ืฆืงื‘ืจ>
  • ื”ื‘ืœื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื›ื” / ื‘ืขืจื™ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”, ืชืฉื›"ื— 1968)
  • ื˜ืขื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆืึธืจืŸ : ื›ืจืึธื ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืœื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืžืื ื™ื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธืจืŸ 1939ึพ1944 / ื˜ืึธื ื™ ืกืึธืœืึธืžืึธืŸ-ืžืขืจื‘ื™ (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”, ืชืฉื›"ื—) <ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืจื•ืžื ื™ืช ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ>
  • ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช / ืž. ืจื•ื“ื™ืš (ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ : ืžืกื“ื”, 1969)
  • ืฉื™ืจื™ื / ืžืฉื” ืฉืงืœืืจ (ื™ืฉืจืืœ : ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื‘ืขืจืš 1970) <ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ>
  • ืฉื™ืจื™ื / ืคืจืœ ื”ืืœื˜ืจ (ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ : ืžืกื“ื”, 1971) <ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื โ€“ ืžืืจืง ื”ืืœื˜ืจ>
  • ืฉื™ืจื™ื : ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืฉื™ืจื™ื / ืจื•ื–ื” ื’ื•ื˜ืžืŸ (ื™ืกื ื™) (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืขื ื”ืกืคืจ, ืชืฉืœ"ื‘ 1972) <ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืขืžื•ื“ ืžื•ืœ ืขืžื•ื“>
  • ืขืœื™ ืกืคื™ื : ืฉื™ืจื™ื / ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉืจื’ืœ (ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” ื•ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื”ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ, ืชืฉืœ"ื‘ 1972) <ืชืจื’ื•ื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืืžื™ืจ ื’ืœื‘ืข, ื‘. ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ืคื˜ ื•ืฉืœืžื” ืฉื ื”ื•ื“. ืขื ืžื‘ื•ื ืžืืช ื“ื‘ ืกื“ืŸ>
  • ื’ืื ื’ ืืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื / ืž. ื•ื•ืืœื“ืžืืŸ (ืคืืจื™ื– : ืคืืจื‘ืื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื–ืจื—-ืื™ื™ืจืืคืขืื™ืฉืข ื™ื™ื“ืŸ, ืชืฉืœ"ื• 1976)
  • ืžืื” ืฉื ื” ืœื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ืืœ. ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืง / ื ืขืจืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœืžื” ืœื™ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ-ืœื™ืฉ ื•ืื“ืจื™ืืŸ ื–ื”ืจื™ืื ื• (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื”ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืจื•ืžื ื™ื”, ืชืฉืž"ื– 1987) <ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืชื•ืจื’ืžื• ืžืจื•ืžื ื™ืช ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื•ืŸ ... ื•ืื—ืจื™ื>
ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•:
ืขืœ "ื™ืžื™ ื”ืื“ืžื”"
  • ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ, ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ.  ืขืชื™ืงื•ึผืช ื—ื“ืฉื”.  ืžืื–ื ื™ื, ื›ืจืš ื›"ื“, ื’ืœ' 4 (ืื“ืจ ื' ื•ื‘' ืชืฉื›"ื–, ืžืืจืก 1967), ืขืž' 322ึพ325.
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:


ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”: 5 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2019

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ

 

 

ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ

 

ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•

 

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื

 

 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ