ืขืžื•ืก ืขื•ื– (1939)

Amos Oz

 

ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ.
    ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” / ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ. -- ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” : ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืชืฉืข"ื 2011.
223  ืขืž'.
    The cult of the author and the state religion / Yigal Schwartz

    ื›ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืฉื ื™ื ื—ืœืคื• ืžืื– ื”ื—ืœ ืขืžื•ืก ืขื•ื– ืœืคืจืกื ืžื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• - ื•ืฉืžื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื›ื›ื™ืฉื•ืฃ. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืžืคืจื™ ืขื˜ื•, ื‘ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื•, ื‘ื–ื›ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืคืจืก ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืื™-ื–ื›ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื• - ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืืœื” ื™ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืชืœื”ื˜ื•ืช ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช.
    ืขื•ื– ื”ื•ื ืื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืชื•ืจื’ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื ืžื›ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ื - ืื›ืŸ ื›ืŸ - ื’ื ื”ื™ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื”ืชืคืชื—ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื• ืžื™ืŸ "ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืจื™ืื” ื“ื•-ืงื•ื˜ื‘ื™ืช": ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืœื™ื• ื›ืืœ ื‘ืŸ ืืœื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื›ืืœ ืฉืขื™ืจ ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ. ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ืฉื ืฉื—ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืฅ ืื•ืชื•. ืžืชืคืขืœื™ื ืžื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืžื•ืคืœืื” ืฉืœื• ื•ืžื”ื›ืจื™ื–ืžื” ืฉืœื• ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืกื•ืœื“ื™ื ืžื”ืŸ.
    ืžื” ืคืฉืจ ื”ืœื”ื˜ ื”ื–ื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืื— ื•ืจืข ื‘ื™ื—ืกื ื• ืœืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื? ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืžื•ืก ืขื•ื– ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื›ืžื•-ืคื•ืœื—ื ื™ืช, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœืจืข? ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืžื” ื ื•ืฆืจื” ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ื–ืืช? ื•ืœืื™ื–ื” ืฆื•ืจืš? ื•ื’ื: ืžื” ื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ื– ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืžื•ืคืข ื”ืžืจืชืง ื”ื–ื”? ื”ืื ื”ืชืกืจื™ื˜ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืžืœื ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ื›ืชืจ ืœืžืœืš ื•ืื– ืžื•ื“ื— ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืก, ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ื ื›ืคื” ืขืœื™ื•? ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื•ื ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืืฃ ืขื™ืฆื‘ ื•ืฉื™ื›ืœืœ ืื•ืชื•, ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืคื•ืืจืช ืฉืœื•, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืจื’ื– ื›ืœื™ื ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื‘ื ื” ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง? ื•ืขื•ื“: ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ืขื“ ื›ื”,  ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื—ื•ืฉืš,  ื”ืื ื‘ืืžืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืขื•ื– ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืžืœื ืืช "ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื”ืœืื•ืžื™"?
    ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ื”ืคืจื™ื–ืžื” ืฉื“ืจื›ื” ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื—ื•ืงืจ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช  ื™ื’ืืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ืืช ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ื”"ืขื•ื–ื™ืช" ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืขื™ื ื™ื ื•. ืืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืžืคืชื™ืขื•ืช ื•ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืคืจืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ืจื™ืงื™ื, ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืชื™ืื•ืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื“ืขืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ื–, ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉืœืœ ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื - ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืชื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžืชื -  ืฉืžืื•ืช ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœืขื•ื– ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื—ื•ืฉืš.
    ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืชืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช ืžื™ื“ื‘ืงืช, ื”ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉืขื” ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืืœื™ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ื•ืžืชื’ื‘ืฉ ืœื›ื“ื™ ื ื’ื™ืขื” ืžื—ื›ื™ืžื” ื‘ืฆืœืข ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืžืžื ื” ื ื•ืฆืจ ื—ืœืง ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช.     [ื”ื™ืœื” ื‘ืœื•ื]

ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื:

ืคืชื— ื“ื‘ืจ: ื›ืฉื˜ื™ืจืกื™ืืก ืชื•ืคืก ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื™ืคื•ืก (ืขืž' 9ึพ41)
ืคืจืง ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: ื›ืฉื”ื™ืจืฉืœ ื‘ื’ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื•ืžื” ืขื ืžื™ื ื” : ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ืก ืขื•ื– ืืœ ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช (ืขืž' 43ึพ137)
   ื. ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ (ืขืž' 45ึพ48)
   ื‘. ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ "ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืžื”" ื•ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืฉืขื™ืจ ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ (ืขืž' 48ึพ54)
   ื’. ื”ืงืจื‘ ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช (ืขืž' 54ึพ60)
   ื“. "ืžืœืืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื•"ืžืœืืš ื”ืจืข" (ืขืž' 60ึพ71)
   ื”. ืžื•ืจืกื” ืžืจืขื™ืœื” ืื• ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืชื•ืขื” (ืขืž' 71ึพ81)
   ื•. ืื™ื–ื• ืกืืœื˜ื•-ืžื•ืจื˜ืืœื” (ืขืž' 81ึพ90)
   ื–. ืœื›ื ื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืฉื ืื”ื‘ื” (ืขืž' 90ึพ96)
   ื—. ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื-ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื (ืขืž' 96ึพ104)
   ื˜. ื›ืฉื”ื™ืจืฉืœ ื‘ื’ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื•ืžื” ืขื ืžื™ื ื” (ืขืž' 104ึพ109)
   ื™. ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื ื›ืกืคืช (ืขืž' 109ึพ117)
ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืœืคืจืง ืจืืฉื•ืŸ  (ืขืž' 118ึพ137)

ืคืจืง ืฉื ื™: "ื ื›ื ืกืช ืœืืจืžื•ืŸ ืžื›ื•ืฉืฃ ื•ืฉื—ืจืจืช ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืฃ": ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื—ื•ืฉืš ื›ืกืคืจ ืคื•ืœื—ืŸ  (ืขืž' 139ึพ199)
   [ื”ืงื“ืžื”]  (ืขืž' 143ึพ144)
   ื. ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ืคื•ืœื—ื ื™ืช (ืขืž' 144ึพ156)
   ื‘. ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื”ืคื•ืœื—ื ื™ืช (ืขืž' 156ึพ184)
ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืœืคืจืง ื”ืฉื ื™  (ืขืž' 185ึพ199)

ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”  (ืขืž' 200ึพ214)
ืžืคืชื— ืื™ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืกืคืจื•ืช  (ืขืž' 215ึพ223)
 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ

 

 

ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ

 

ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•

 

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื

 

 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ