Bravoite
A variety of Pyrite
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About Bravoite
Formula:
(Fe,Ni)S2
Colour:
Steel gray
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
6½
Specific Gravity:
4.62 - 4.72
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
Named after the Peruvian scientist, Jose J. Bravo (1874-1928).
A nickel-bearing variety of pyrite, part of a complete solid solution with the nickel analogue of pyrite, vaesite (NiS2).
Originally reported from Ragra Mine (Minasragra), Junín, Cerro de Pasco, Alcides Carrión Province, Pasco Department, Peru.
"When bravoite was a valid species any pyrite with a grey coating such as those from Rio Rico, Colorado, were labeled bravoite. I had a dull grey one with a thick coating and a shiny one that had a very thin coating. We dissolved the coating in nitric acid and did ICP analysis. There was no nickel but Pb in the dull one and Sb and Cu in the shiny one. From this I jump to the conclusion that the dull coating was galena and the shiny one tetrahedrite." (Rob Woodside, private communication).
Originally reported from Ragra Mine (Minasragra), Junín, Cerro de Pasco, Alcides Carrión Province, Pasco Department, Peru.
"When bravoite was a valid species any pyrite with a grey coating such as those from Rio Rico, Colorado, were labeled bravoite. I had a dull grey one with a thick coating and a shiny one that had a very thin coating. We dissolved the coating in nitric acid and did ICP analysis. There was no nickel but Pb in the dull one and Sb and Cu in the shiny one. From this I jump to the conclusion that the dull coating was galena and the shiny one tetrahedrite." (Rob Woodside, private communication).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
759 (as Bravoite)
3314 (as Pyrite)
3314 (as Pyrite)
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:759:5 (as Bravoite)
mindat:1:1:3314:1 (as Pyrite)
mindat:1:1:3314:1 (as Pyrite)
Similar Names
| Baravite | A synonym of 'Bavalite' |
IMA Classification of Bravoite
Discredited
Classification of Bravoite
3.11.10
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
11 : Sulphides etc. of Ni
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
11 : Sulphides etc. of Ni
Pronunciation of Bravoite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Bravoite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Steel gray
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
6½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=889 - 927 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{001}
{001}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
4.62 - 4.72 g/cm3 (Measured) 100 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Bravoite
Mindat Formula:
(Fe,Ni)S2
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Bravoite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3(2/m3) - Diploidal
Space Group:
Pa3
Setting:
Pa3
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.57 Å
Unit Cell V:
172.81 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Synonyms of Bravoite
Other Language Names for Bravoite
Varieties of Bravoite
| Hengleinite | A cobalt-bearing bravoite. First described from Müsen, Siegerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 79 photos of Bravoite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| 52 photos of Bravoite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
| 45 photos of Bravoite associated with Villamanínite | (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 |
| 43 photos of Bravoite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| 25 photos of Bravoite associated with Covellite | CuS |
| 24 photos of Bravoite associated with Millerite | NiS |
| 21 photos of Bravoite associated with Native Gold | Au |
| 19 photos of Bravoite associated with Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| 17 photos of Bravoite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 17 photos of Bravoite associated with Linnaeite | Co2+Co3+2S4 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Bravoite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-759.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Bravoite
Reference List:
Park, WonC. (1967) Early diagenetic framboidal pyrite, bravoite and vaesite from the Cave-In-Rock fluorspar district, southern Illinois. Mineralium Deposita, 2 (4). 372-375 doi:10.1007/bf00207028
Petruk, W., Harris, D. C., Stewart, J. M. (1969) Langisite, a new mineral, and the rare minerals cobalt pentlandite, siegenite, parkerite, and bravoite from the Langis mine, Cobalt-Gowganda area, Ontario, Canada. The Canadian Mineralogist, 9 (5) 597-616
Localities for Bravoite
Showing 424 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria | |
| Hadj Mohamed et al. (2021) |
Antarctica | |
| Egorov et al. (2015) |
Argentina | |
| Brodtkorb (2002) |
Australia | |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Marshall (2000) |
| Marston (1984) |
| Singer et al. (2009) |
| Ferguson (1999) |
| Marston (1984) |
| Marston (1984) |
| Marston (1984) |
Austria | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| |
| Hackenberg (2003) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Strasser (1989) | |
| Strasser (1989) | |
| Strasser (1989) | |
| Strasser (1989) |
| R.Poeverlein (2016) |
| R.Poeverlein (2016) |
| R.Poeverlein (2016) | |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Grachev (Ed) +1 other reference |
| Niedermayr (1998) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Meixner (1959) |
| Vavtar (1995) |
| Schnorrer et al. (2005) |
| Schnorrer+Poeverlein (2005) | |
| Poeverlein et al. (2007) |
| Poeverlein et al. (2007) | |
| Poeverlein et al. (2007) | |
| Poeverlein et al. (2007) | |
| Putz et al. (2007) |
| - (1994, July) |
Bailiwick of Guernsey | |
| Ixer et al. (1983) |
Belgium | |
| |
| Dejonghe et al. (1985) |
| Dejonghe et al. (1985) | |
| Jedwab et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
Bolivia | |
| Hatløy (2013) |
| Dill et al. (1997) +1 other reference |
Botswana | |
| Brotherton (1979) +1 other reference |
Brazil | |
| Campbell (2012) |
| Brenner et al. (1990) |
| Monteiro et al. (2008) |
| Teixeira (2014) | |
| Gomes et al. (1980) |
Bulgaria | |
| Тарасова |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Strashimirov et al. (2002) | |
| Kalaidjiev et al. (2009) |
Canada | |
| Wheatley et al. (2006) |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| Nixon et al. (1990) |
| Karup-Moller (1969) |
| Olivo et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
| Scott et al. (1973) |
| Grammatikopoulos +3 other references |
| Blackadar (1981) |
| Badham et al. (1980) | |
| Badham et al. (1980) | |
| Graham et al. (2026) | |
| Majmundar (1969) +1 other reference |
| Mitchell et al. (1976) |
| Ames et al. (2003) |
| Reiner Mielke 2017 |
| Ames et al. (2003) |
| R.J. Traill 1983 |
| Smith et al. (2022) |
| Wilson et al. (2013) |
| 159-161. +2 other references |
| Can Mineral December 1971 v. 11 no. 1 ... +1 other reference |
| Petruk (1971) +2 other references |
| Lemanski (n.d.) |
| L. Kish and M. Cuney (1981) |
| www.ir.gov.sk.ca (2003) |
| www.ir.gov.sk.ca (n.d.) |
| Maurice et al. (1983) | |
| Canadian Mineralogist Vol.26 (1988) | |
| Watkinson et al. (1975) | |
| Peddada (1973) +1 other reference |
China | |
| Hunan Metallurgical Geology Research Team 236 (1977) |
| Min (1995) |
| Xinmin et al. (2025) |
| Zhang Zhengen et al. (1987) |
| Kejie Tao and Peishan Zhang (1987) |
| Maozhong Min and Xiangyun Wang (1994) |
| Coveney et al. (1993) +1 other reference |
| Cai et al. (2017) |
| jxzs.gov.cn (n.d.) |
| Maozhong Min and Xiangyun Wang (1994) |
| Wallis (2006) |
| Youbin Liang (1981) |
| USGS Open-File Report 03-220 |
| USGS Open-File Report 03-220 |
| USGS Open-File Report 03-220 |
| [var: Hengleinite] Duan Guolian (1991) |
| Shuangxi Zhao et al. (2012) |
| Xueming Wang et al. (2002) |
| Lishe Wang et al. (2010) |
| Fei Huang et al. (2004) |
| Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006) |
| Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006) | |
| Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006) | |
| Lingxi Zeng et al. (2007) |
| Peters (2002) |
| Houmin Li et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Li Chaoyang (1996) |
| Chengjiang Zhang and Youliang Chen (2010) |
| www.ngu.no (n.d.) |
| Zhuangzhi Qian et al. (2009) |
| Yuanchao Shen et al. (2007) | |
| Minqing Cheng et al. (1993) |
| Nansheng Chen (1996) |
| Huijin Lu and Jian Wang (2005) |
| Huijin Lu and Jian Wang (2005) |
| Huijin Lu and Jian Wang (2005) | |
Croatia | |
| Šoštarić (2009) |
Czech Republic | |
| Duda +1 other reference |
| Scharm +7 other references |
DR Congo | |
| 304 [287-288]. +2 other references |
| Rocks & Min.: 60: 227-228. |
Egypt | |
| |
Europe | |
| ATANASSOVA +1 other reference | |
Finland | |
| Geological Survey of Finland (2017) |
| Iljina (1994) |
| Fröhlich et al. (2021) |
| Jupperi Aarre 1997. The magnetite ... |
| Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ... |
| Virtasalmi-Copper Database. Geological Survey of Finland (2009) |
France | |
| Périchaud (1968) |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| Forestier (1964) +1 other reference |
| P.G. Pelisson : "Etude Mineralogique et ... |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| Picot et al. (1977) |
| |
| Pierrot et al. (1973) |
| Chauris (2014) |
| Pierrot et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
| Chauris (2014) | |
| Pierrot et al. (1973) |
| Pillard F. et al. (1985) |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Azias (1968) |
| Azias (1968) |
| Azias (1968) |
| Azias (1968) | |
| H. Azais et al. |
| Azias (1968) |
| Azias (1968) | |
| Hohl (1994) |
| Wittern et al. (1997) |
| Wittern et al. (1997) |
| Wittern et al. (1997) |
| Laurent et al. (1967) |
| Inventaire Minéralogique de la France ... |
| Pierrot et al. (1977) |
| De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002) |
| Wahbi et al. (1973) +1 other reference | |
| ... |
| R. Pierrot |
Germany | |
| Dr. Günter Grundmann collection |
| Aufschluss 71 (3) |
| Walenta (1980) +1 other reference |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Steen (2013) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Nickel et al. (1985) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Dr. Heinz Ziehr +1 other reference |
| Rank (1985) |
| Dill & Weiser (1981) |
| Seeliger et al. (1965) | |
| Kopp et al. (2012) |
| Nickel et al. (1985) |
| Nickel et al. (1985) |
| Detlef Heilwagen collection |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Neutkens et al. (2008) |
| [var: Hengleinite] |
| Weiß (1990) | |
| Dana 7:I:290. +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Aufschluss 90 (2) |
| Aufschluss 90 (2) | |
| Aufschluss 90 (2) | |
| Schachner (1961) |
| Short et al. (1930) +1 other reference |
| Harms (2009) |
| Reppke (1993) |
| Reppke (1993) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Emser Hefte 1980 (3) | |
| Schnorrer et al. (1997) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Emser Hefte 1979 (1) |
| Schmeltzer (1977) |
| Martin et al. (1994) |
| Baumann et al. (2000) | |
| - (1986) |
Greece | |
| Uwe Kolitsch (unpublished SEM-EDS analyses) |
Greenland | |
| Pauly (1958) |
| Bøggild (1953) | |
| Petersen et al. (1993) |
Ireland | |
| Yesares +9 other references |
Italy | |
| Zucchetti (1968) +1 other reference |
| D'Agnolo (1968) |
| Zucchetti (1968) |
| D'Agnolo (1968) |
| Zucchetti (1968) +1 other reference | |
| D'Agnolo (1968) |
| and Beiträge zur Geologie der Schweiz +2 other references |
| Natale et al. (1976) | |
| • Bertolani (1952) |
| • Bertolani (1952) |
| • Bertolani (1952) |
| Stara et al. (1999) |
| Exel (1987) |
| Dill (1979) |
| Bonifazi (2020) |
| Marco Bonifazi collection | |
| Tufar (1992) |
Ivory Coast | |
| Coulibaly et al. (2008) |
Japan | |
| Ishiyama (1982) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Spiridonov (1982) |
| Dahlkamp (2009) |
Mexico | |
| Kring et al. (2020) |
Mongolia | |
| Borisenko et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
Morocco | |
| Weiß (2006) |
| Barral et al. (2009) |
| Gervilla et al. (1990) |
| Gervilla et al. (1990) | |
Netherlands | |
| T.G. Nijland | |
New Zealand | |
| Railton et al. (1990) |
North Korea | |
| Takeo Kato: "Two Types of Nickeliferous Pyrrhotite Deposits Found in Korea." (9 pp) |
North Macedonia | |
| Janković (1993) +2 other references |
| Antonović +7 other references |
| Vujanović (1958) | |
| Radusinovic (1974) |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
Norway | |
| Nilsen et al. (1972) |
| - (2000) |
| - (2017) |
| Kronos |
| Kronos | |
| - (2019) |
| - (2024) |
| Foslie et al. (1932) |
Oman | |
| Haymon et al. (1989) |
Peru | |
| Haller (2000) |
| Hewett (1910) |
| Hillibrand (1907) +1 other reference |
Philippines | |
| Zhigang Wang (2010) |
Poland | |
| Czerny J. 1992: Hydrothermal ... |
| Andrzejewski K. (1993) |
| Piestrzyński et al. (2012) | |
| Harańczyk 1972: Mineralizacja ... |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Morgan et al. (2000) |
| Morgan et al. (2000) | |
| Kozlowski A & Wiszniewska J: (2001) | |
| Morgan et al. (2000) | |
| Karwowski et al. (2012) |
| Lenik et al. (2019) |
| Lenik et al. (2019) |
Red Sea | |
| Blum and Puchelt (1991) | |
Romania | |
| Ilinca (2012) |
| Ilinca (2012) |
| Ilinca (2012) | |
| Ilinca (2012) | |
| Hîrtopanu P. et al. (2004) |
| George TUDOR (2010) |
Russia | |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) |
| Pavlova et al. (2009) | |
| Amur Minerals Corporation |
| Keren Tan (1998) |
| Gurbanov et al. (2008) |
| Gritsenko et al. (2008) |
| Erokhin et al. (2017, December) |
| Пекин (2010) +1 other reference | |
| Feklichev et al. (1998) +2 other references | |
| Lebedev et al. (1954) +1 other reference |
| Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.) +2 other references | |
| Yury L. Voytekhovsky (2008) |
| Erokhin et al. (2018) |
| Volokhin et al. (2016) | |
| Gongalsky et al. (2007) |
Serbia | |
| Ministry of Mining and Energy (2002) +1 other reference |
| Ministry of Mining and Energy (2002) +1 other reference |
Slovakia | |
| Koděra et al. (1986) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) | |
| Pauliš et al. (2002) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) | |
| Grecula (1995) | |
| Grecula (1995) | |
| Grecula (1995) | |
| Koděra et al. (1986) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) | |
| Ferenc Š. et al. (2022) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) |
| Koděra et al. (1986) |
Slovenia | |
| Dolenec (1995) |
South Africa | |
| Tischler et al. (1981) |
| Desborough et al. (1973) |
| Heinrich (1970) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Armitage et al. (2002) |
| Rozendaal et al. (2017) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Spain | |
| Martínez-Frías et al. (2004) |
| Mendoza et al. (2006) |
| Gervilla et al. (1990) |
| Gervilla et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
| A. Paniagua et al. |
| Simon et al. (1997) +1 other reference |
| Calvo Rebollar (2003) |
| Tornos et al. (2006) |
Sweden | |
| Stenberg (2005) |
| |
| Canadian Mineralogist 18 |
| Ramdohr (1945) |
| Gatedal (n.d.) |
| Grip (1961) |
| Sandström et al. (2010) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Dietrich (1972) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
Turkey | |
| Yahya Ciftci (2001) |
| Helvaci et al. (2013) |
UK | |
| |
| Rick Turner |
| Ixer et al. (1987) |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| |
| Ford (2000) |
| [var: Hengleinite] Characterisation of the newly discovered Cu–Ni–platinum group element mineralisation at Sron Garbh et al. (2012) |
| Ixer et al. (1996) |
Ukraine | |
| [World of Stones 12:20] |
| Bobrov et al. (2006, August) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| - (2008) |
| - (2008) |
| - (2008) | |
| Van Gosen et al. (2025) |
| Van Gosen et al. (2025) | |
| Wenrich et al. (1992) | |
| - (United States) +4 other references |
| Henderson (1969) +2 other references |
| Rocks & Min.: 16:413 +3 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Goldstein (1997) |
| Rainville et al. (1976) |
| W. B. Thompson et al. (2005) |
| Heinrich et al. (2004) |
| - (2005) |
| - (2005) |
| - (2005) |
| - (2005) |
| - (2005) | |
| - (2005) | |
| - (2005) |
| Am.Min.: 44:995-1009. |
| Rocks & Min.: 21:751-752. | |
| - (2005) |
| 2009 Portland GSA Annual Meeting (18-21 October 2009) +1 other reference |
| - (2005) |
| - (2005) |
| Econ Geol (1992) | |
| - (2005) |
| Sherwood et al. (1998) | |
| - (2005) |
| - (2005) |
| Leach et al. (1995) | |
| - (2005) |
| - (2005) | |
| The Spar Lake Strata-Bound Cu-Ag Deposit Formed Across a Mixing Zone Between Trapped Natural Gas and Metals-Bearing Brine Econ Geol (1986) +1 other reference |
| USGS Prof Paper 1038 | |
| Volborth et al. (1986) |
| Volborth et al. (1986) | |
| Volborth et al. (1986) | |
| Gobla (2012) | |
| Nora K. Foley et al. (2006) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Lasmanis |
| American Mineralogist 28:257-271 +3 other references |
| Milton et al. (1958) +1 other reference |
| Heyl et al. (1959) |
| Heyl et al. (1959) | |
| Heyl et al. (1959) | |
| Heyl et al. (1959) | |
| Heyl et al. (1959) |
Vietnam | |
| Vasiliev V.I. et al. (2011) |
Zambia | |
| Capistrant (2013) +1 other reference |
| MacIntyre (2019) |
| Brotherton (1979) |
Maubacher Bleiberg, Hürtgenwald, Düren, Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany