Hechtsbergite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Hechtsbergite
Formula:
Bi2(VO4)O(OH)
Colour:
Brown
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
6.87 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named after the Hechtsberg quarry, Germany, the type locality.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
6986
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:6986:7
IMA Classification of Hechtsbergite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Bi3+2O(V5+O4)(OH)
Approval year:
1995
First published:
1997
Classification of Hechtsbergite
8.BO.15
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
O : With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
O : With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Heb | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Hechtsbergite
Adamantine
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Brown
Streak:
Yellow
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
6.87 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Hechtsbergite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.26(2) nβ = 2.27 nγ = 2.30(2)
2V:
Measured: 50° (5)
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.040
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
relatively strong
Chemistry of Hechtsbergite
Mindat Formula:
Bi2(VO4)O(OH)
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Hechtsbergite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.971(1) Å, b = 7.535(1) Å, c = 10.881(1) Å
β = 107.00(1)°
β = 107.00(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.925 : 1 : 1.444
Unit Cell V:
546.57 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Mainly {111}, with subordinate {112}, {113}, {101}, {102}, and {302}.
Comment:
Single-crystal data.
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Rotation
Stop | Start
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Labels
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014896 | Hechtsbergite | Krause W, Bernhardt H J, Blass G, Effenberger H, Graf H W (1997) Hechtsbergite, Bi2O(OH)(VO4), a new mineral from the Black Forest, Germany Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1997 271-287 | 1997 | Hechtsberg quarry, Hausach, Black Forest, Germany | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.279 Å | (41) |
| 3.267 Å | (100) |
| 3.150 Å | (63) |
| 2.734 Å | (35) |
| 2.549 Å | (27) |
| 2.133 Å | (27) |
| 2.036 Å | (29) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] |
Type Occurrence of Hechtsbergite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Euhedral brown crystals and aggregates to 0.2 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Institut für Mineralogie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Gneiss
Synonyms of Hechtsbergite
Other Language Names for Hechtsbergite
Relationship of Hechtsbergite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Atelestite Group:
| Atelestite | Bi2(AsO4)O(OH) | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Smrkovecite | Bi2(PO4)O(OH) | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 9 photos of Hechtsbergite associated with Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| 6 photos of Hechtsbergite associated with Eulytine | Bi4(SiO4)3 |
| 4 photos of Hechtsbergite associated with Namibite | Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH) |
| 2 photos of Hechtsbergite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 2 photos of Hechtsbergite associated with Atelestite | Bi2(AsO4)O(OH) |
| 1 photo of Hechtsbergite associated with Beyerite | Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.BO. | Ariegilatite | BaCa12(SiO4)4(PO4)2F2O |
| 8.BO. | Aravaite | Ba2Ca18(SiO4)6(PO4)3(CO3)F3O |
| 8.BO. | Theuerdankite | Ag3AsO4 |
| 8.BO.05 | Nacaphite | Na2Ca(PO4)F |
| 8.BO.10 | Petitjeanite | Bi3(PO4)2O(OH) |
| 8.BO.10 | Schumacherite | Bi3(VO4)2O(OH) |
| 8.BO.10 | Preisingerite | Bi3(AsO4)2O(OH) |
| 8.BO.15 | Smrkovecite | Bi2(PO4)O(OH) |
| 8.BO.15 | Atelestite | Bi2(AsO4)O(OH) |
| 8.BO.20 | Sahlinite | Pb14(AsO4)2O9Cl4 |
| 8.BO.20 | Kombatite | Pb14(VO4)2O9Cl4 |
| 8.BO.25 | Heneuite | CaMg5(CO3)(PO4)3(OH) |
| 8.BO.30 | Nefedovite | Na5Ca4(PO4)4F |
| 8.BO.35 | Kuznetsovite | [Hg2]2+Hg2+[AsO4]Cl |
| 8.BO.40 | Artsmithite | [Hg2]2+2Al(PO4)1.74(OH)1.78 |
| 8.BO.45 | Schlegelite | Bi7(AsO4)3(MoO4)2O4 |
| 8.BO.50 | Hereroite | [Pb32(O,◻)21](AsO4)2[(Si,As,V,Mo)O4]2Cl10 |
| 8.BO.50 | Erikjonssonite | (Pb32O21)[(V,Si,Mo,As)O4]4Cl9 |
| 8.BO.55 | Rudabányaite | (Ag2Hg2)(AsO4)Cl |
| 8.BO.60 | Segerstromite | Ca3(As5+O4)2[As3+(OH)3]2 |
| 8.BO.65 | Wiklundite | Pb2(Mn2+,Zn)3(Fe3+,Mn2+)2(Mn2+,Mg)19(As3+O3)2[(Si,As5+)O4]6(OH)18Cl6 |
Fluorescence of Hechtsbergite
Not fluorescent
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in dilute HCl
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Hechtsbergite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-6986.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Hechtsbergite
Reference List:
Krause, W., Bernhardt, H.-J., Blaß, G., Effenberger, H., Graf, H.-W. (1997) Hechtsbergite, Bi2O(OH)(VO4), a new mineral from the Black Forest, Germany. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1997 (6) 271-287 doi:10.1127/njmm/1997/1997/271
Localities for Hechtsbergite
Showing 8 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Museum Victoria collection |
Brazil | |
| Burns et al. (2000) |
Czech Republic | |
| Řídkošil et al. (1996) |
Germany (TL) | |
| Krause et al. (1997) +1 other reference |
| 50. (in German) +1 other reference |
| Schwarzmeier et al. (2015) +2 other references |
Japan | |
| Uehara et al. (2013) |
Spain | |
| Calvo Rebollar et al. (2022) |
Quick NavTopAbout HechtsbergiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Hechtsberg quarry, Hausach, Hausach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany