Billingsleyite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Billingsleyite
Paul Billingsley
Formula:
Ag7AsS6
Colour:
Dark lead-grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
5.92
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
Named in honor of Paul Billingsley (1887, New York City, New York, USA - 18 May 1962), geologist with the Anaconda company, who discovered the North Lily mine and collected the first specimens in 1930.
This page provides mineralogical data about Billingsleyite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
675
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:675:4
IMA Classification of Billingsleyite
Approved
Approval year:
1967
First published:
1968
Classification of Billingsleyite
2.KB.05
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
K : Sulfarsenates, Sulfantimonates
B : Sulfarsenates with additional S
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
K : Sulfarsenates, Sulfantimonates
B : Sulfarsenates with additional S
3.1.6.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
5.2.13
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
2 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Ag
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
2 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Ag
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Bgy | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Billingsleyite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Dark lead-grey
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Sectile
Density:
5.92(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 5.90 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Billingsleyite
Mindat Formula:
Ag7AsS6
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Cu,Fe
Crystallography of Billingsleyite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
23 - Tetartoidal
Space Group:
P213
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.4760(8) Å
Unit Cell V:
1,149.71 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Fine-grained aggregates. Flattened octahedra (often dull).
Comment:
Originally assumed to be orthorhombic, with space group C2221 (Frondel and Honea, 1968).
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0006324 | Billingsleyite | Bindi L, Downs R T, Menchetti S (2010) The crystal structure of billingsleyite, Ag7(As,Sb)S6, a sulfosalt containing As5+ The Canadian Mineralogist 48 155-162 | 2010 | North Lily mine, East Tintic district, Utah, USA | 0 | 293 | |
| 0013828 | Billingsleyite | Pertlik F (1994) Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure determination of heptasilver(I)-disulfur-tetrathioarsenate(V), Ag7S2(AsS4), with a survey on thioarsenate anions Journal of Solid State Chemistry 112 170-175 | 1994 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.11 Å | (40) |
| 3.53 Å | (60) |
| 3.34 Å | (50) |
| 3.19 Å | (70) |
| 3.05 Å | (100) |
| 2.83 Å | (60) |
| 2.49 Å | (60) |
Comments:
Tintic, Utah, USA.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Billingsleyite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Fine-grained aggregates.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National School of Mines, Paris, France; Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 110530; National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, R18987.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Believed to have occurred in a body of high-grade silver ore.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Billingsleyite
Other Language Names for Billingsleyite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 20 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Acanthite | Ag2S |
| 16 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 15 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| 8 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Proustite | Ag3AsS3 |
| 7 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Trechmannite | AgAsS2 |
| 4 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Pyrargyrite | Ag3SbS3 |
| 2 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| 2 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Arsendescloizite | PbZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| 2 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| 1 photo of Billingsleyite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Billingsleyite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-675.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Billingsleyite
Reference List:
Frondel, Clifford, Honea, Russell M. (1968) Billingsleyite, a new silver sulfosalt. American Mineralogist, 53 (11-12) 1791-1798
Keighin, C.William; Honea, R.M. (1969) The system Ag-Sb-S from 600°C to 200°C. Mineralium Deposita, 4 (2). 153-171 doi:10.1007/bf00208050
Blachnik, Roger, Wickel, Ulrike (1980) Phasenbeziehungen im System Ag-As-S und thermochemisches Verhalten von Ag7MX6-Verbindungen (M = P, As, Sb; X = S, Se) / Phase Relations in the System Ag-As-S and Thermal Behaviour of Ag7MX6 Compounds. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 35. 1268-1271 doi:10.1515/znb-1980-1019
Jambor, John L., Burke, Ernst A. J. (1991) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 76 (11-12) 2020-2026
Pertlik, F. (1994) Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure Determination of Heptasilver(I)-Disulfur-Tetrathioarsenate(V), Ag7S2(AsS4), with a Survey on Thioarsenate Anions. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 112. 170-175 doi:10.1006/jssc.1994.1282
Bindi, L., Downs, R. T., Menchetti, S. (2010) The Crystal Structure of Billingsleyite, Ag7(As,Sb)S6, a Sulfosalt Containing As5+. The Canadian Mineralogist, 48 (1) 155-162 doi:10.3749/canmin.48.1.155
Localities for Billingsleyite
Showing 17 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2017) |
China | |
| Liu et al. (2024) |
Germany | |
| Blaß et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
| Burisch et al. (2017) |
Italy | |
| Rivista Mineralogica Italiana anno 2014 ... |
| Orlandi (2011) | |
| Biagioni et al. (2014) |
Japan | |
| Ishiyama et al. (1989) |
Mexico | |
| Camprubi |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Petromin |
Peru | |
| Frank Keutsch EDS- (Ag7AsS6, Sb-free) |
Romania | |
| Andy Roberts |
Russia | |
| Savva et al. (2007) |
Turkey | |
| Blanks et al. (2014) |
USA | |
| Collins (2012) |
| Collins (2012) |
| Frondel et al. (1968) +1 other reference |
Quick NavTopAbout BillingsleyiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany