Nagelschmidtite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Nagelschmidtite
Formula:
Ca7(SiO4)2(PO4)2
Colour:
yellowish white
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
Named in honor of Guenther Nagelschmidt (?, Germany - 19 July 1980), chemist and mineralogist that made the first report of the phase in a slag. He worked at the Safety in Mines Research Establishment, studying mineral dust as a hazard for miners of coal and other materials. He was a pioneer in the use of X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy in the study of mineral dusts.
Type Locality:
Closely related to (chemically similar) flamite. There is also a synthetic compound, 'Unnamed (Ca-Na Phosphate)', said to be a member of the nagelschmidtite family.
The original material seem to contain two polymorphs. Structurally similar to α-C2S (an abbreviated form of α-Ca2SiO4); as in this phase, the nagelschmidtite structure is based on Ca and Ca-T layers, the latter containing vacant Ca sites due to phosphate-for-silicate substitution. Arrangement of tetrahedral (anion) units in the mineral is similar to that found in α, α’H, α’L and β forms of the C2S phase.
Silicophosphates such as nagelschmidtite are important constituents of slags, said to be CaO- and P-containing fertilizers.
The original material seem to contain two polymorphs. Structurally similar to α-C2S (an abbreviated form of α-Ca2SiO4); as in this phase, the nagelschmidtite structure is based on Ca and Ca-T layers, the latter containing vacant Ca sites due to phosphate-for-silicate substitution. Arrangement of tetrahedral (anion) units in the mineral is similar to that found in α, α’H, α’L and β forms of the C2S phase.
Silicophosphates such as nagelschmidtite are important constituents of slags, said to be CaO- and P-containing fertilizers.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2829
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2829:1
IMA Classification of Nagelschmidtite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Nagelschmidtite
9.HA.60
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
H : Unclassified silicates
A : With Alkali and Alkali-earth Elements
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
H : Unclassified silicates
A : With Alkali and Alkali-earth Elements
53.2.2.1
53 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and Other Anions or Complex Cations
2 : Insular SiO4 Groups and Other Anions of Complex Cations with (SO4), (CrO4), (PO4), etc·
53 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and Other Anions or Complex Cations
2 : Insular SiO4 Groups and Other Anions of Complex Cations with (SO4), (CrO4), (PO4), etc·
17.6.1
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
6 : Silicates with phosphate
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
6 : Silicates with phosphate
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Nsc | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Nagelschmidtite
Colour:
Yellowish white
Streak:
White
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Optical Data of Nagelschmidtite
Type:
Biaxial (+/-)
RI values:
nα = 1.638 - 1.68 nβ = 1.652 - 1.698
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v strong
Chemistry of Nagelschmidtite
Mindat Formula:
Ca7(SiO4)2(PO4)2
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Al,Fe,Cr,Mn,Mg,Na,K,P,S
Crystallography of Nagelschmidtite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
P61
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.38 Å, c = 7.1 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.32
Unit Cell V:
177.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Twinning:
complex, resulting in lamellae intersecting at 60o
Comment:
Structure solution of synthetic sample gave P61 space group, a = 10.82 Å, c = 21.46 Å (Sugiyama et al., 2010).
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.66 Å | (vs) |
| 2.80 Å | (s) |
| 1.94 Å | (s) |
| 3.80 Å | (m) |
| 3.42 Å | (m) |
| 2.20 Å | (m) |
| 1.34 Å | (m) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 26 : Hadean detrital minerals | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 51 : Pyrometamorphic minerals (see also #54 and #56) | <0.36 |
Type Occurrence of Nagelschmidtite
General Appearance of Type Material:
elongated, anhedral grains, up to 150 microns in size
Geological Setting of Type Material:
HT contact-metamorphosed sedimentary rock (a pyrometamorphic formation)
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Nagelschmidtite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.HA. | Shinichengite | Ca5[BSi2O7(OH)2]2 · 6H2O |
| 9.HA. | Kalyuzhnyite-(Ce) | NaKCaSrCeTi(Si8O21)OF(H2O)3 |
| 9.HA. | Moragite | Ca3TiSi2(Al2Si)O14 |
| 9.HA.05 | Ertixiite | Na2Si4O9 |
| 9.HA.10 | Kenyaite | Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
| 9.HA.20 | Wawayandaite | Ca6Mn2BBe9Si6O23(OH,Cl)15 |
| 9.HA.25 | Magbasite | KBaFe3+Mg7Si8O22(OH)2F6 |
| 9.HA.35 | Demagistrisite | BaCa2Mn3+4(Si3O10)(Si2O7)(OH)4 · 3H2O |
| 9.HA.37 | Donwilhelmsite | CaAl4Si2O11 |
| 9.HA.40 | Kasatkinite | Ba2Ca8B5Si8O32(OH)3 · 6H2O |
| 9.HA.40 | 'Igumnovite' | Ca3Al2[SiO4]2[◻Cl4] |
| 9.HA.42 | Paqueite | Ca3TiSi2(Al,Ti,Si)3O14 |
| 9.HA.42 | Qeltite | Ca3TiSi2(Fe3+2Si)O14 |
| 9.HA.45 | Rippite | K2(Nb,Ti)2(Si4O12)O(O,F) |
| 9.HA.47 | Zagamiite | CaAl2Si3.5O11 |
| 9.HA.50 | Rudenkoite | Sr3(Al3.5Si3.5)O10(OH,O)8Cl2 · H2O |
| 9.HA.50 | 'α-Carnegieite' | NaAlSiO4 |
| 9.HA.52 | 'Atheriastite' | near Ca5MgFeAl6Si8O32 · 5H2O |
| 9.HA.55 | 'Foshallasite' | Ca3[Si2O7] · 3H2O(?) |
| 9.HA.57 | 'Bhreckite' | |
| 9.HA.65 | Caryochroite | [Na(Sr0.5Ca0.5)Mg]3[Fe3+8Mn(Fe2+0.5◻0.5)]10(Ti2Si12O37)(OH)14(H2O)3 |
| 9.HA.70 | Juanite | Ca10Mg4Al2Si11O39 · 4H2O or near |
| 9.HA.75 | Tacharanite | Ca12Al2Si18O33(OH)36 |
| 9.HA.80 | Oyelite | Ca10Si8B2O29 · 12.5H2O |
| 9.HA.85 | Denisovite | K14+x(Ca,Na,Mn,Fe)48[Si60O162]F16(Ox,OH4-x) · 2H2O |
| 9.HA.90 | Tiettaite | K4Na12Fe3+Si16O41(OH)4 · 2H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Nagelschmidtite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2829.html
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References for Nagelschmidtite
Reference List:
Barrett, Richard L., McCaughey, William J. (1942) The system CaO-SiO2-P2O5. American Mineralogist, 27 (10) 680-695
Bredig, M. A. (1942) Isomorphism and allotrophy in compounds of the type A2XO4. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 46 (7). 747-764 doi:10.1021/j150421a009
Segnit, E. R. (1950) New data on the slag-minerals nagelschmidtite and steadite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 29 (210) 173-190 doi:10.1180/minmag.1950.029.210.01
Fleischer, Michael, Cabri, Louis J., Chao, George Y., Pabst, Adolf (1978) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 63 (3-4) 424-427
Localities for Nagelschmidtite
Showing 5 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany | |
| Skrzyńska et al. (2023) |
Israel | |
| Sharygin et al. (2008) |
Middle East (TL) | |
| Gross (1977) |
Palestine | |
| Seryotkin et al. (2012) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| Pakhomovsky et al. (2014) |
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Hatrurim Formation, Middle East