Kryzhanovskite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Kryzhanovskite
Vladimir I. Kryzhanovskiy
Formula:
(Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3
Colour:
Deep red-brown, dark blackish brown to light golden-brown
Lustre:
Vitreous, Dull
Hardness:
3½ - 4
Specific Gravity:
3.31
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Vladimir Ilyich Kryzhanovskiy (Владимир Ильич Крыжановский) (25 June (7 July) 1881, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire - 7 March 1947, Moscow, USSR), mineralogist and Curator of the A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2281
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2281:7
IMA Classification of Kryzhanovskite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1950
Type description reference:
Classification of Kryzhanovskite
8.CC.05
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1.5
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1.5
40.3.2.2
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
19.12.17
19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Kry | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Kry | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Kryzhanovskite
Vitreous, Dull
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Deep red-brown, dark blackish brown to light golden-brown
Comment:
Bronze on cleavage surfaces.
Streak:
Yellowish brown
Hardness:
3½ - 4 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}
{001}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.31 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.41(5) g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Kryzhanovskite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.79(5) nβ = 1.80 nγ = 1.82(1)
2V:
Measured: 40° to 82°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.030
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v or r > v, strong.
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X = wine-yellow; Y = orange-brown; Z = reddish brown.
Comments:
Optic axial plane (OAP) ⊥ {001}.
Chemistry of Kryzhanovskite
Mindat Formula:
(Fe3+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2(OH,H2O)3
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Kryzhanovskite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.450(2) Å, b = 10.013(2) Å, c = 8.179(2) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.944 : 1 : 0.817
Unit Cell V:
773.92 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Space Group: P bna
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014473 | Kryzhanovskite | Moore P B, Araki T, Kampf A R (1980) Nomenclature of the phosphoferrite structure type: refinements of landesite and kryzhanovskite Mineralogical Magazine 43 789-795 |  | 1980 | co-type sample from Ak-Kezen pegmatite, Belogorskii, Eastern Kazakhstan | 0 | 293 |
| 0012681 | Kryzhanovskite | Moore P B, Araki T (1976) A mixed-valence solid-solution series: Crystal structures of phosphoferrite, Fe3(H2O)3[PO4]2, and kryzhanovskite, Fe3(OH)3[PO4]2 Inorganic Chemistry 15 316-321 | 1976 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0000219 | Kryzhanovskite | Moore P B (1971) The Fe3(H2O)n(PO4)2 homologous series: Crystal-chemical relationships and oxidized equivalents American Mineralogist 56 1-17 | | 1971 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.156 Å | (10) |
| 4.996 Å | (7) |
| 4.701 Å | (5) |
| 4.253 Å | (5) |
| 2.723 Å | (5) |
| 2.534 Å | (5) |
| 2.207 Å | (5) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 34 : Complex granite pegmatites | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
| 47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] |
Type Occurrence of Kryzhanovskite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Poorly formed crystals of prismatic habit, up to 2-3 cm in diameter.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 50109–50115.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Low-temperature oxidation product of phosphate minerals.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Kryzhanovskite
Other Language Names for Kryzhanovskite
Relationship of Kryzhanovskite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Reddingite Group:
| Correianevesite | Fe2+Mn2+2(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) |
| Garyansellite | Mg2Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) |
| Landesite | Mn2+3-xFe3+x(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) |
| Phosphoferrite | (Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmna |
| Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O | Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pmna |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 13 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Ludlamite | Fe2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Siderite | FeCO3 |
| 5 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Messelite | Ca2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 4 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Laueite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
| 4 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 4 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 4 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Phosphoferrite | (Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| 3 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Gormanite | (Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| 3 photos of Kryzhanovskite associated with Vivianite | Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.CC. | Correianevesite | Fe2+Mn2+2(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| 8.CC.05 | Landesite | Mn2+3-xFe3+x(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O |
| 8.CC.05 | Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| 8.CC.05 | Garyansellite | Mg2Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| 8.CC.05 | Phosphoferrite | (Fe2+,Mn2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| 8.CC.10 | Kaatialaite | Fe3+[AsO2(OH)2]3 · 5H2O |
| 8.CC.15 | Leogangite | Cu10(AsO4)4(SO4)(OH)6 · 8H2O |
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
Endothermal breaks at 210°, 380°, and 620°, and an exothermal break at 750°. The mineral melts at 990°.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Kryzhanovskite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2281.html
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References for Kryzhanovskite
Reference List:
Moore, Paul Brian (1971) The Fe2+3(H2O)n(PO4)2 homologous series: Crystal-chemical relationships and oxidized equivalents. American Mineralogist, 56 (1-2) 1-17
MOORE, PAUL BRIAN (1974) Evidence for a complete mixed valence solid solution series in Fe23+(H2O)3[PO4]2 (phosphoferrite) Fe33+(OH)3[PO4]2 (kryzhanovskite). Nature, 251 (5473). 305-306 doi:10.1038/251305a0
Moore, Paul Brian., Araki, Takaharu. (1976) Mixed-valence solid-solution series. Crystal structures of phosphoferrite, Fe32+(H2O)3[PO4]2, and kryzhanovskite, Fe33+(OH)3[PO4]2. Inorganic Chemistry, 15 (2) 316-321 doi:10.1021/ic50156a015
Moore, P. B., Araki, T., Kampf, A. R. (1980) Nomenclature of the phosphoferrite structure type: refinements of landesite and kryzhanovskite. Mineralogical Magazine, 43 (330) 789-795 doi:10.1180/minmag.1980.043.330.14
Roda-Robles, Encarnación, Fontan, François, Pesquera Pérez, Alfonso, Keller, Paul (1998) The Fe-Mn phosphate associations from the Pinilla de Fermoselle pegmatite, Zamora, Spain: occurrence of kryzhanovskite and natrodufrénite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 10 (1) 155-168 doi:10.1127/ejm/10/1/0155
Localities for Kryzhanovskite
Showing 43 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Eagle et al. (2015) |
Canada | |
| Robinson et al. (1992) |
| 150-152. +2 other references | |
| Robinson et al. (1992) |
| Robinson et al. (1992) | |
Germany | |
| web.archive.org (2001) |
Italy | |
| VIGNOLA et al. (2007) |
| Vignola et al. (2011) |
| Vignola et al. (2018) |
Kazakhstan (TL) | |
| Ginzburg (1950) +1 other reference |
Morocco | |
| Favreau (2012) |
Namibia | |
| Collection Elmar Lackner |
| Keller (1991) |
| Keller (1991) | |
| Keller (1991) |
| Keller (1991) | |
| Keller et al. (1989) +1 other reference |
| Keller (1991) | |
| Keller (1991) |
Poland | |
| Pieczka A. et al. (2004) |
| Włodek et al. (2015) |
| Łodziński M. & Sitarz M. 2008: Chemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Some Phosphates Accessory Minerals from Pegmatites of the Sowie Mts (Owles Mts) +1 other reference | |
| Pieczka et al. (2015) +1 other reference | |
Portugal | |
| Schnorrer-Köhler et al. (1991) |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Marzoni Fecia di Cossato et al. (1989) |
| Alves (n.d.) | |
Romania | |
| HÎRTOPANU et al. (2025) |
Spain | |
| Calvo Rebollar et al. (2022) |
| Roda-Robles et al. (1998) |
Sweden | |
| Weisz et al. (2013) |
Switzerland | |
| Vignola et al. (2008) |
USA | |
| Falster et al. (2019) |
| Found during ongoing study by Lloyd W. ... +1 other reference |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Kreinik (2022) |
| NIZAMOFF et al. (2004) | |
| Geological Society of America Abstracts ... +2 other references | |
| Campbell et al. (1985) |
| Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117. +1 other reference |
| Campbell et al. (1985) |
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Hagendorf South Pegmatite, Hagendorf, Waidhaus, Neustadt an der Waldnaab District, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria, Germany