Phoenix Mine, Phoenix, Houghton Township, Keweenaw County, Michigan, USAi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Phoenix Mine | Mine |
| Phoenix | Unincorporated Community |
| Houghton Township | Township |
| Keweenaw County | County |
| Michigan | State |
| USA | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
47° 23' 26'' North , 88° 16' 45'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Ahmeek | 146 (2017) | 13.5km |
| Copper City | 187 (2017) | 14.4km |
| Calumet | 703 (2017) | 20.7km |
| Laurium | 1,941 (2017) | 21.1km |
| Lake Linden | 989 (2017) | 23.9km |
Nearest Clubs:
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
| Club | Location | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Copper Country Rock and Mineral Club | Dollar Bay, Michigan | 35km |
Introduction
The Phoenix Mining Company was organized in 1849 and took over the mining operations of the Lake Superior Mine on the Eagle River.
History
In 1863, the company began focusing on rich copper fissure veins that were located to the south along the bluffs adjacent to the Cliff Mine. The company immediately sank two shafts (Tyler and Crocker) directly on top of the bluff. In 1869, the company reorganized into the Phoenix Copper Company and was operating on five veins (Phoenix, East Phoenix, Armstrong, Ward, and Robbins) as well as the Ashbed Amygdaloid. In 1871, the company purchased the Bay State property. That same year, the company reorganized again as the Phoenix Consolidated Copper Company. This new company controlled the Phoenix, St, Clair, Garden City, Meadow, and Atlas Mines. The Phoenix Consolidated reorganized for the final time in 1899 under the same name. A company report lists operations were confined to the St. Clair and West Vein properties. By 1901, most production was coming from the St. Clair Fissure, with very little from West Vein. A 1905 company report stated that because conditions at the St. Clair shafts were not conducive to work greater depths, the company began selling off stock and mining equipment. In 1905, the Phoenix Mine became part of the Keweenaw Copper Company and by 1923, Keweenaw owned all the Phoenix properties and the company was dissolved. Beginning in 1927, Calumet and Hecla began dewatering and repairing two of the Phoenix shafts but by 1929, all work ceased.
Production
In 1863, over 244,000 pounds (ca. 111 t) of copper ingots were produced. Between 1866 and 1869, 530 tons of copper ingots were produced from the Phoenix Vein. In 1875, the Phoenix and Robbins (West) Veins produced over 4,300 ounces (ca. 163 kg) of silver, and between 1880 and 1881, the mine produced 503 tons of copper ingots.
For the collector
Today, the Phoenix piles are on private property and the owners do not grant permission to enter because of caving ground. When accessible in the past, copper, silver, prehnite, analcime, and pumpellyite were commonly found.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
23 valid minerals.
Detailed Mineral List:
| ✪ Analcime Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O Habit: Trapezohedra to 3.5cm in diameter Colour: Colorless to pink |
| ⓘ Ankerite Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ Atacamite Formula: Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| ⓘ Babingtonite Formula: Ca2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH) |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Chrysocolla Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| ⓘ Copper Formula: Cu References: Morris, Tom (1983) Michigan Mineralogy. A locality Index. Rocks & Minerals, 58 (3). 107-113 doi:10.1080/00357529.1983.11767128p.111 |
| ⓘ Cuprite Formula: Cu2O References: |
| ⓘ Datolite Formula: CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ Domeykite Formula: Cu3As |
| ⓘ Epidote Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) Formula: KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ 'K Feldspar' |
| ⓘ 'K Feldspar var. Adularia' Formula: KAlSi3O8 |
| ⓘ Laumontite Formula: CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ Microcline Formula: K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ Natrolite Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Prehnite Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) Formula: Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH) |
| ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) var. Chlorastrolite Formula: Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Silver Formula: Ag |
| ⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup' Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| ⓘ Tenorite Formula: CuO |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| ⓘ | Silver | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Domeykite | 2.AA.10b | Cu3As |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Atacamite | 3.DA.10a | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Cuprite | 4.AA.10 | Cu2O |
| ⓘ | Tenorite | 4.AB.10 | CuO |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Ankerite | 5.AB.10 | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| ⓘ | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Datolite | 9.AJ.20 | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Epidote | 9.BG.05a | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| ⓘ | Pumpellyite-(Mg) | 9.BG.20 | Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH) |
| ⓘ | var. Chlorastrolite | 9.BG.20 | Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Babingtonite | 9.DK.05 | Ca2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH) |
| ⓘ | Prehnite | 9.DP.20 | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Fluorapophyllite-(K) | 9.EA.15 | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| ⓘ | Chrysocolla | 9.ED.20 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| ⓘ | Microcline | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Natrolite | 9.GA.05 | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Analcime | 9.GB.05 | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| ⓘ | Laumontite | 9.GB.10 | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'K Feldspar var. Adularia' | - | KAlSi3O8 |
| ⓘ | 'Stilbite Subgroup' | - | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| ⓘ | 'K Feldspar' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| H | ⓘ Babingtonite | Ca2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| H | ⓘ Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| H | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| H | ⓘ Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) | Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) var. Chlorastrolite | Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| B | Boron | |
| B | ⓘ Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| O | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Babingtonite | Ca2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| O | ⓘ Cuprite | Cu2O |
| O | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | ⓘ Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| O | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) | Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Tenorite | CuO |
| O | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) var. Chlorastrolite | Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) | Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH) |
| Mg | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) var. Chlorastrolite | Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| Al | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Al | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) | Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH) |
| Al | ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| Al | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) var. Chlorastrolite | Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Babingtonite | Ca2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Si | ⓘ Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) | Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH) |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) var. Chlorastrolite | Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ K Feldspar var. Adularia | KAlSi3O8 |
| K | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| K | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Babingtonite | Ca2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) | Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Pumpellyite-(Mg) var. Chlorastrolite | Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Babingtonite | Ca2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Epidote | (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Cu | ⓘ Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Cu | ⓘ Cuprite | Cu2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Copper | Cu |
| Cu | ⓘ Domeykite | Cu3As |
| Cu | ⓘ Tenorite | CuO |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | ⓘ Domeykite | Cu3As |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | ⓘ Silver | Ag |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
North AmericaContinent
North America PlateTectonic Plate
- Mid-continent DomainDomain
- Mid-continent RiftNarrow Rift
USA
- Michigan
- Keweenaw PeninsulaPeninsula
- Midcontinent RiftGeologic Province
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Phoenix Mine, Phoenix, Houghton Township, Keweenaw County, Michigan, USA