iri

See also: Appendix:Variations of "iri"

Languages (24)

Translingual

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Azerbaijani • Esperanto • Fijian • Garifuna • Igbo • Indonesian • Inupiaq • Japanese • Javanese • Kakanda • Koneraw • Latin • Mombum • Norwegian Nynorsk • Nyishi • Sranan Tongo • Sumerian • Tagalog • Tarifit • Tashelhit • Turkish • Yaqay • Yoruba

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Irigwe.

Symbol

iri

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Rigwe.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Rigwe terms

Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		ири
Arabic		ايرى

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *idrig. Cognate with Ottoman Turkish ايرى (iri), Karakhanid [script needed] (irig), Turkish iri, Gagauz iiri, Bashkir эре (ere). Probably cognate with Hungarian öreg, a Turkic borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [iˈri]

• Audio (Baku):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: i‧ri

Adjective

iri (comparative daha iri, superlative ən iri, intensive ipiri)

1. large

   Synonym: böyük

2. coarse (composed of large parts or particles)

Antonyms

• xırda

Derived terms

• irimiqyaslı (“large-scale”)

Descendants

• → Lezgi: ири (iri)

References

• Orucov, Əliheydər, editor (2006), “iri”, in Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti [Explanatory Dictionary of the Azerbaijani Language]‎^[1] (in Azerbaijani), 2nd edition, volume 2, Baku: Şərq-Qərb, page 569

Esperanto

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin īre (“to go”). Compare obsolete Italian gire, ire, Portuguese and Spanish ir, Romanian ii.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiri/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Audio 3:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iri
• Syllabification: i‧ri

Verb

iri (present iras, past iris, future iros, conditional irus, volitive iru)

1. (intransitive) to go

   Mi iris al Novjorko per trajno.

   I went to New York City by train.

   • 2025 September 29, Jorge Nogueras, “La plej mallonga tago”, in uea.facila‎^[2], archived from the original on 12 December 2025:

     Nu, unu tagon oni vokis min por ke mi iru tuj al la malsanulejo, ĉar mia sesjara filino trafiĝis je terura trafik-akcidento.

     Well, one day they called me so that I go immediately to the hospital, because my six-year old daughter got caught in a terrible traffic accident.

Conjugation

Conjugation of iri

		present		past		future
		singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
tense		iras		iris		iros
active participle		iranta	irantaj	irinta	irintaj	ironta	irontaj
	acc.	irantan	irantajn	irintan	irintajn	irontan	irontajn
nominal active participle		iranto	irantoj	irinto	irintoj	ironto	irontoj
	acc.	iranton	irantojn	irinton	irintojn	ironton	irontojn
adverbial active participle		irante		irinte		ironte
		infinitive	iri	imperative	iru	conditional	irus

Derived terms

adjectives

• alirebla (“approachable”)
• senelira (“unleavable”)

nouns

• ĉieliro (“Ascension”)
• eliro (“the act of exiting, leaving”)
• enirejo (“entrance”)
• eniro (“the act of entering”)
• foriro (“departue”)
• irado (“voyage, trip, act of going; manner, way of acting”)
• iro (“trip, course, run, going”)
• irvojo (“walkway”)
• senelirejo (“dead end”)
• trairejo (“passage, corridor”)
• transiro (“transition”)

verbs

• aliri (“to approach”)
• antaŭiri (“to precede”)
• ĉirkaŭiri (“to go around”)
• ekiri (“to set out”)
• eliri (“to exit”)
• eniri (“to enter”)
• foriri (“to leave”)
• iraĉi (“to go badly”)
• iradi (“to go repeatedly or for a while”)
• malsupreniri (“to descend”)
• piediri (“to walk”)
• preteriri (“to pass by”)
• reeniri (“to reenter”)
• reiri (“to return”)
• retroiri (“to go back”)
• rondiri (“to go around”)
• subiri (“to set”) (of a heavenly body)
• supreniri (“to ascend”)
• ŝteliri (“to sneak”)
• trairi (“to traverse”)
• transiri (“to cross”)

Further reading

• “iri”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “iri”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026
• Wells, John C. (1992), “ir/i, betake oneself, flounce, go, repair, resort, run, wend”, in Concise Esperanto and English Dictionary‎^[3], →ISBN, pages 90, 188, 255, 265, 353-354, 359, 413
• Benson, Peter J. (1995), “go, pull, run, wend”, in Comprehensive English-Esperanto Dictionary‎^[4], →ISBN, pages 232-234, 408, 422, 579
• Butler, Montagu C. (1967), “ir-i”, in Esperanto-English Dictionary‎^[5], →OL, pages 184-185
• Motteau, Achille (1907), “ir-i”, in Esperanto-English Dictionary‎^[6], →OCLC, page 57

Fijian

Etymology

From Proto-Central Pacific *iri, from Proto-Oceanic *irir, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *irid, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *irid, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *irid.

Noun

iri

1. fan (hand-held device)

   E dua na iri vou e kau mai.

   A new fan was brought.

2. (modern, by extension) fan (electric device)

   Synonyms: iri livaliva, iri ni cagi

   Waqa na iri livaliva.

   Turn on the electric fan.

Verb

iri (transitive iriva or irivaka)

1. to fan (to blow air on by means of a fan)

   Me irivi na kakana me yali na lago.

   Fan the food so the flies go away.

Derived terms

• dau ni iri (person who fans the chief) (traditional)
• iri batabata (“air conditioner”)
• iri buli (hand-held traditional fan of woven pandanus)
• iri livaliva, iri ni cagi (“electric fan”)
• iri ni buka (“fan for fanning fire”)
• iri ni meke (hand-held fans used in exhibition dances)
• Liga i iri, Ligairi (warriors who carried fans in battle as display of fearlessness)

References

• Gatty, Ronald (2009), “iri”, in Fijian–English Dictionary‎^[7], Suva, Fiji: Ronald Gatty, →ISBN, page 93

Garifuna

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiri/

Noun

iri

1. name

   Ka biri? ― What's your name?

   Nibiri bei John. ― My name is John.

Inflection

Possessives of iri

	singular		plural
first	niri		wiri
second	biri		hiri
third	masculine	feminine	hiri
	liri	tiri

Igbo

Igbo numbers ^(edit)

		100
←  1	←  9	10	11  →	20  →
		1
Cardinal: ìri     Ordinal: ǹke īri

Numeral

ìri

1. ten

Indonesian

Noun

iri

1. envy

Inupiaq

Etymology

From Proto-Inuit *ǝžǝ, from Proto-Eskimo *ǝðǝ. Cognate with Inuktitut ᐃᔨ (iyi), Greenlandic isi.

Noun

iri (dual irrak, plural irrit)

1. (anatomy) eye

Japanese

Romanization

iri

1. Rōmaji transcription of いり

Javanese

Noun

iri

1. envy

Kakanda

Noun

iri

1. water

Further reading

• Roger Blench, The Nupoid Languages of West-Central Nigeria: Overview and Comparative Wordlist (2013)

Koneraw

Noun

iri

1. blood

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1975), Languages of Irian Jaya Checklist, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, →DOI
• ASJP citing Geurtjens (1933), Marindineesch-Nederlandsch woordenboek

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈiː.riː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈiː.ri]

Verb

īrī

1. present passive infinitive of eō

Usage notes

When īrī immediately follows the supine form of a Latin verb in an accusative and infinitive clause (indirect statement), the resulting phrase is the future passive infinitive form of that verb:

Vidēbat reum absolūtum īrī. ― He saw that the defendant was going to be acquitted.

References

• “iri”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “iri”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Mombum

Noun

iri

1. blood

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1975), Languages of Irian Jaya Checklist, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, →DOI
• ASJP citing Drabbe (1954), Comparative Vocabulary: 100 words in 24 languages (Microbiblioteca Anthropos 11), in Talen en dialecten van zuid-west Nieuw-Guinea (Microbiblioteca Anthropos 11), 230-257
• ASJP citing Geurtjens (1933), Marindineesch-Nederlandsch woordenboek

Norwegian Nynorsk

Adjective

iri

1. (non-standard since 2012) neuter of iren
2. (non-standard since 2012) feminine of iren

Nyishi

Alternative forms

• irik, erek

Etymology

i- (“noun prefix”) +‎ Proto-Tani *rjek.

Noun

iri

1. pig

References

• P. T. Abraham (2005), A Grammar of Nyishi Language‎^[8], Delhi: Farsight Publishers and Distributors

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

Probably a borrowing from Dutch hiel. The other creole languages have terms corresponding to bakafutu.

Noun

iri

1. heel

   Synonym: bakafutu

Sumerian

Romanization

iri

1. romanization of 𒌷 (iri)

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• yri — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
• ire — colloquial

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ʔiˈɾi/ [ʔɪˈɾɪ]
    • Rhymes: -i
  • IPA^(key): /ˈʔiɾi/ [ˈʔiː.ɾɪ] (obsolete)
• Syllabification: i‧ri

Noun

irí (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒ)

1. push (act of tensing the muscles of the abdomen in order to expel its contents such as when giving childbirth or defecating)

   Synonym: dagis

Derived terms

• ikairi
• iri-iri
• irihin
• mairi
• mapag-iri
• mapairi
• pag-iri
• pairihin
• umiri

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *i-di (“that, there”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔiˈɾi/ [ʔɪˈɾɪ]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: i‧ri

Pronoun

irí (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒ) (dialectal)

1. this one; this

   Synonyms: (Manila) ito, (Southern Luzon) ari

   Ano ba iri? ― What is this?

Alternative forms

• idi
• yiri — obsolete

Related terms

• ganiri
• niri

See also

Tagalog demonstrative pronouns

	Direct (ang)	Indirect (ng)	Oblique (sa)	Locative (nasa)	Existential	Manner (gaya ng)
Near speaker*	ari iri yari**	nari niri niyari†	dini	narini nandini nairi naari	heri eri ayri	ganari ganiri garini garni gayari†
Near speaker and listener*	ito	nito	dito	narito nandito naito**	heto eto ayto†	ganito garito(garto)**
Near listener	iyan yaan	niyan	diyan diyaan	nandiyan nandiyaan nariyan(naryan) nayan/nayaan** naiyan‡	hayan ayan	ganiyan(ganyan) gay-an** gariyan**
Remote	iyon yoon yaon†	niyon noon niyaon†	doon	naroon nandoon nayon/nayoon** nayaon‡	hayon ayon	ganoon gayon gay-on** gayoon‡ garoon‡
*These two series have merged in modern Tagalog. The first row is used in some dialects, the second row is used anywhere else. **These pronouns are used in some dialects. †These pronouns are not commonly used in casual speech but more prevalent in literature. ‡Rare in text.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔiˈɾiʔ/ [ʔɪˈɾɪʔ]
• Rhymes: -iʔ
• Syllabification: i‧ri

Noun

irî (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒ) (obsolete)

1. act of irritating the children
2. inciting foolish things

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈʔiɾiʔ/ [ˈʔiː.ɾɪʔ]
• Rhymes: -iɾiʔ
• Syllabification: i‧ri

Noun

irì (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒ) (obsolete)

1. delay; postponement; prolongation

Derived terms

• iri-iri
• magpairi-iri
• mairi

Further reading

• “iri”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2025
• “iri”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• Serrano Laktaw, Pedro (1914), Diccionario tagálog-hispano (overall work in Tagalog and Spanish), Intramuros, Manila: Ateneo de Manila., page 389
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de; Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860), Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves, y coordinado por…, ultimamente aumentado y corregido por varios religiosos de la Orden de Agustinos calzados.‎^[9] (overall work in Spanish and Classical Tagalog), Manila: Ramírez y Giraudier.
• Santos, Fr. Domingo de los (1835), Vocabulario de la lengua Tagala, primera y segunda parte. En la primera, se pone primero el Castellano, y despues el Tagalo. Y en la segunda al contrario, que son las raíces simples con sus acentos.‎^[10] (overall work in Spanish and Classical Tagalog), Manila: La Imprenta nueva de D. José María Dayot, por Tomás Oliva.
• San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Vocabulario de lengua tagala. El romance castellano puesto primero. Primera, y segunda parte.‎^[11] (overall work in Early Modern Spanish and Classical Tagalog), as directed by Gov. Gen. Juan de Silva, Pila, Laguna: La noble Villa de Pila, por Tomás Pinpin y Domingo Loag.
  • page 313: “Eſto) Yiri (pc) M. pro)”
  • page 374: “Iemir) Iri [(pp)] el queua muy cargado”

Tarifit

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Berber.

Pronunciation

• (Nador) IPA^(key): [ɪ.ɾɪ]
• Syllabification: i‧ri
• Rhymes: -ɪ
• Homophone: iři (one pronunciation)

Noun

iri m (plural irawen, feminine equivalent tirit, Tifinagh spelling ⵉⵔⵉ)

1. neck

Inflection

Inflection of iri

	singular	plural
free state	iri	irawen
annexed state	yiri	yirawen

References

• Serhoual (2002)
• Abarrou (2024)

Tashelhit

Etymology

Inherited from Medieval Tashelhit [script needed] (er, “to love, to want”), from Proto-Berber *irβiʔ (“to love, to want”). Cognate with Senhaja de Srair arr (“to love, to want”), Ghadames əβr (“to want”) and Tamasheq erh, ărhu (“to love, to want”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iri/

Verb

iri (imperfective ttiri, verbal noun tayri, Tifinagh spelling ⵉⵔⵉ, Arabic spelling ايري)

1. to want

   تاڭوري يلّان واتيڭ نّس، اورت يري يان.

   taguri illan watig nns, ur t iri yan

   A word of value, no one wants it.

2. to love

   آر كم باهرا تّيريغ. ― ar km bahra ttiriɣ. ― I love you so much.

Derived terms

• anmiri (“lover”)
• anmiri yixf nns (“egoist”)
• tayri (“love”)

References

• Stroomer, Harry (2025), Dictionnaire berbère tachelḥiyt-français — Tome 2 F–L (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 188/2) (in French), Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 1137a

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ایری (iri), from Proto-Turkic *idrig, see Azerbaijani iri for more.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iˈɾi/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

iri

1. large

   Synonym: balaban

2. (of grains or particles) coarse

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “iri”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Yaqay

Noun

iri

1. leaf

References

• Ronald Kriens and Randy Lebold, Report on the Wildeman River Survey in Papua, Indonesia (SIL International, 2010) (most dialects, as /iˈri/)

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Probably cognate with Igala élì and Olukumi èrìrì

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾì/

Noun

ìrì

1. dew

Etymology 2

ì- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ rí (“to see”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ꜜɾí/

Noun

ìrí

1. the act of seeing, sighting, or discovering
2. (idiomatic) experience; sight