Mineral Species containing Thulium (Tm )

Mineral Species containing Thulium (Tm )
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Thulium (Tm ) by %

Thulium (Tm) Element Properties
Atomic Mass 168.93421
Atomic Number 69
Name Origins Named after Thule, ancient Scandinavia.
Year Discovered 1879
Discovery Credits Discovered by P. T. Cleve at Uppsala, Sweden.
Remarks Silvery metal, rarest of the lanthanide group. Tarnishes in air and reacts with water, Few uses but some employed as a radiation source in portable x-ray equipment.

Diagnostic tests: 
There are no simple diagnostic tests to identify thulium.
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is commonly employed to identify and analyze members of the Rare-Earth group elements.

References Emsley, J., 1991; THE ELEMENTS : Sec. Ed., Clarendon Press, Oxford, 251 p.
See Also WebElements, ChemiCool
Naturally Occurring Isotopes
Symbol Isotope Mass Isotope Nuclide Number Isotope Number Natural Abundance Half-life Half-life Units Decay Mode Decay Mode MeV Decay Mode %
Tm 168.934212 169 69 100.0000%   Stable      
Tm 169.935198 170 69 0.0000%  128.6 Years beta -
EC		 0.968 0.314 99.80% 0.20%

Mineral Species sorted by the element Tm (Thulium )

Click Here for Mineral Species Sorted By Mineral Name

%Tm Mineral Name Chemical Formula MW
0.54%Tm Samarskite-(Yb)  ! (Yb,Y,REE,U,Th,Ca,Fe++)(Nb,Ta,Ti)O4 312.29
0.54%Tm Iwashiroite-(Y)  ! YTaO4 313.16
0.39%Tm Proshchenkoite-(Y)  ! (Y,REE,Ca,Na,Mn)15Fe++Ca(P,Si)Si6B3(O,F)48 2,711.51
0.39%Tm Hingganite-(Y)   Y2([ ])Be2Si2O8(OH)2 433.65
0.36%Tm Zajacite-(Ce)   Na(REExCa1-x)(REEyCa1-y)F6where(xney) 295.08
0.35%Tm Maoniupingite-(Ce)  ! (REE,Ca)4(Fe+++,Ti,Fe++,[])(Ti,Fe+++,Fe++,Nb)4Si4O22 1,228.90
0.32%Tm Calcybeborosilite-(Y)  ! (REE,Ca)2[](B,Be)2(SiO4)2(OH,O)2 437.09
0.30%Tm Calciogadolinite  ? CaREE(Fe+++)Be2Si2O10 474.11
0.29%Tm Kentbrooksite  ! (Na,REE)15(Ca,REE)6Mn++Zr3NbSi25O74F2•2(H2O) 3,900.86
0.29%Tm Abenakiite-(Ce)   Na26REE6(SiO3)6(PO4)6(CO3)6(S++++O2)O 2,928.18
0.28%Tm Hundholmenite-(Y)  ! (Y,REE,Ca,Na)15(Al,Fe+++)CaxAs+++1-x(Si,As+++++)Si6B3(O,F)48 2,521.06
0.26%Tm Thomasclarkite-(Y)  ! (Na,Ce)(Y,REE)(HCO3)(OH)3•4(H2O) 375.77
0.21%Tm Calcioburbankite   Na3(Ca,REE,Sr)3(CO3)5 597.04
0.17%Tm IMA2008-024  ! (Ca,Na,REE,[])7(Nb,Ti)[Si2O7]2OF3 841.27
0.16%Tm Khristovite-(Ce)   (Ca,REE)(Ce,REE)(Mg,Fe,Cr,Ti,V,Al)Mn++Al(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)(F,O) 610.88
0.15%Tm IMA2009-001   Ba5(Ca,REE,Y)22(Ti,Nb)18(SiO4)4[(PO4),(SiO4)]4(BO3)9O22[(OH),F]43(H2O)1.5 4,586.47
0.15%Tm Dissakisite-(Ce)   Ca(Ce,REE)(Mg,Fe++)(Al,Fe+++)2Si3O12(OH) 599.36
0.15%Tm Trimounsite-(Y)   (Y,REE)2Ti2SiO9 475.18
0.14%Tm Hellandite-(Y)   (Ca,REE)4(Y,Ce)2(Al,[])2[Si4B4O22](OH)2 1,029.47
0.13%Tm Yakovenchukite-(Y)  ! K3NaCaY2(Si12O30)•4H2O 1,256.79
0.13%Tm Kamphaugite-(Y)   (Ca1.84REEx)(Y1.46REE0.54-x)(CO3)4(OH)1.65•2(H2O) 585.44
0.13%Tm Nioboaeschynite-(Y)  ! [(Y,REE),Ca,Th,Fe](Nb,Ti,Ta)2(O,OH)6 368.70
0.13%Tm Hellandite-(Ce)  ! (Ca3REE)4Ce2Al[]2[Si4B4O22](OH)2 1,114.02
0.12%Tm Strontiochevkinite   (Sr,REE)4Fe(Ti,Zr)2Ti2Si4O22 1,140.23
0.12%Tm Gerenite-(Y)  ! (Ca,Na)2(Y,REE)3Si6O18•2(H2O) 872.18
0.10%Tm IMA2009-005   (Y,Ca,REE)5[(Si,P)O4]3F 696.25
0.10%Tm Ciprianiite  ! Ca4[(Th,U)(REE)]2(Al,[])2[Si4B4O22](OH,F)2 1,032.51
0.06%Tm Kuliokite-(Y)   (Y,REE)4Al(SiO4)2(OH)2F5 706.82
0.05%Tm Cerotungstite-(Ce)   (Ce,REE)W2O6(OH)3 655.80
0.04%Tm Bijvoetite-(Y)   (Y,REE)8(H2O)25(UO2)16O8(OH)8(CO3)16•14(H2O) 7,068.68
0.03%Tm Mckelveyite-(Nd)  * (Ba,Sr)(Ca,Na,Nd,REE)(CO3)2•3-10(H2O) 456.93
0.03%Tm Miserite   K1.5-x(Ca,Y,REE)5[Si6O15][Si2O7](OH,F)2•yH2O 933.24
0.03%Tm Georgbarsanovite  ! Na12(Mn,Sr,REE)3Ca6Fe++3Zr3NbSi25O76Cl2•H2O 3,297.19
0.02%Tm Kapitsaite-(Y)  ! (Ba,K,Pb,Na)4(Y,Ca,REE)2[Si8B2(B,Si)2O28F] 1,419.80
0.02%Tm Mckelveyite-(Y)   NaCa(Ba,Sr)3(Y,REE)(CO3)6•3(H2O) 971.59

(* - Mineral Name Is Not IMA Approved)
(! - New Dana classification added or changed from Danas New Mineralogy)
(? - IMA Discredited Mineral Species Name)

There are 35 minerals with Tm in the Mineralogy Database.
  • Actinium
  • Aluminum
  • Americium
  • Antimony
  • Argon
  • Arsenic
  • Astatine
  • Barium
  • Berkelium
  • Beryllium
  • Bismuth
  • Boron
  • Bromine
  • Cadmium
  • Calcium
  • Calfornium
  • Carbon
  • Cerium
  • Cesium
  • Chlorine
  • Chromium
  • Cobalt
  • Copper
  • Curium
  • Dysprosium
  • Einsteinium
  • Erbium
  • Europium
  • Fermium
  • Fluorine
  • Francium
  • Gadolinium
  • Gallium
  • Germanium
  • Gold
  • Hafnium
  • Hahnium
  • Helium
  • Holmium
  • Hydrogen
  • Indium
  • Iodine
  • Iridium
  • Iron
  • Krypton
  • Lanthanum
  • Lead
  • Lithium
  • Lutetium
  • Magnesium
  • Manganese
  • Mendelevium
  • Mercury
  • Molybdenum
  • Neodymium
  • Neon
  • Neptunium
  • Nickel
  • Niobium
  • Nitrogen
  • Nobelium
  • Osmium
  • Oxygen
  • Palladium
  • Phosphorus
  • Platinum
  • Plutonium
  • Polonium
  • Potassium
  • Praeseodymium
  • Promethium
  • Protactinium
  • Radium
  • Radon
  • Rhenium
  • Rhodium
  • Rubidium
  • Ruthenium
  • Samarium
  • Scandium
  • Selenium
  • Silicon
  • Silver
  • Sodium
  • Strontium
  • Sulfur
  • Tantalum
  • Technetium
  • Tellurium
  • Terbium
  • Thallium
  • Thorium
  • Thulium
  • Tin
  • Titanium
  • Tungsten
  • Uranium
  • Vanadium
  • Xenon
  • Ytterbium
  • Yttrium
  • Zinc
  • Zirconium

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