Manganoneptunite-Neptunite Series

A solid-solution series between two end-member minerals

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Neptunite

California State Gem Mine, Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USA

Manganoneptunite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada

Neptunite

California State Gem Mine, Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USA

Manganoneptunite

Demix-Varennes quarry, Saint-Amable sill, Varennes & St-Amable, Lajemmerais RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada

Neptunite

California State Gem Mine, Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USA

Manganoneptunite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada

Neptunite

California State Gem Mine, Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USA

Manganoneptunite

Demix-Varennes quarry, Saint-Amable sill, Varennes & St-Amable, Lajemmerais RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada

Neptunite

California State Gem Mine, Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USA

Manganoneptunite

Poudrette quarry, Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada

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About Manganoneptunite-Neptunite SeriesHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Series Formula:

KNa₂Li(Mn²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂ to KNa₂Li(Fe²⁺)₂Ti₂[Si₄O₁₂]₂

A series between Manganoneptunite and Neptunite

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

8770

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:8770:0

Chemical AnalysisHide

Oxide wt%:

	1	2
SiO₂	51.53 %	52.29 %
TiO₂	18.13 %	17.38 %
FeO	10.91 %	11.92 %
MnO	4.97 %	2.27 %
MgO	0.49 %	1.55 %
K₂O	4.88 %	5.58 %
Na₂O	9.26 %	6.81 %
CaO		0.62 %
Li₂O		1.63 %
Total:	100.17 %	100.05 %

Sample references:

ID	Type	Locality	Reference	Notes
1	Type Specimen	Narssârssuk pegmatite, Narsaarsuk Plateau, Igaliku, Kujalleq, Greenland	Flink, Gust. (1893) Om några mineral från Grönland. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 15 (4) 195-208 doi:10.1080/11035899309442185	Wet-chemical analysis (Flink), analysis incomplete, Li not analyzed
2		California State Gem Mine, Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USA	Laird, Jo, Albee, Arden L. (1972) Chemical composition and physical, optical, and structural properties of benitoite, neptunite, and joaquinite. American Mineralogist, 57 (1-2) 85-102	Microprobe

Crystallography of Manganoneptunite-Neptunite SeriesHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0018809	Manganoneptunite	Borisov S V, Klevtsova R F, Bakakin V V, Belov N V (1966) The crystal structure of neptunite Soviet Physics Crystallography 10 684-689	1966	Lovozero, Russia	293
0015717	Manganoneptunite	Zolotarev A A, Krivovichev S V, Yakovenchuk V N (2007) Refinement of the mangan-neptunite structure Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva 136 118-123	2007	Mt. Kaskasnyuncharr, the Khibiny alkaline pluton, Russia	293
0018847	Neptunite	Cannillo E, Mazzi F, Rossi G (1966) The crystal structure of neptunite Acta Crystallographica 21 200-208	1966	San Benito, California, USA	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Manganoneptunite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Borisov S V'
'Klevtsova R F'
'Bakakin V V'
'Belov N V'
_journal_name_full 'Soviet Physics Crystallography'
_journal_volume 10 
_journal_year 1966
_journal_page_first 684
_journal_page_last 689
_publ_section_title
;
 The crystal structure of neptunite
;
_database_code_amcsd 0018809
_chemical_compound_source 'Lovozero, Russia'
_chemical_formula_sum 'K Na2 Li (Mn1.46 Fe.54) Ti2 Si8 O24'
_cell_length_a 16.41
_cell_length_b 12.55
_cell_length_c 10.03
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 115.5
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 1864.410
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.231
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'C 1 2/c 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,z'
  'x,-y,1/2+z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '-x,y,1/2-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
K   0.00000   0.56900   0.25000   1.00000   0.00380
Na   0.24100   0.22000   0.80500   1.00000   0.02862
Li   0.00000   0.07400   0.25000   1.00000   0.00317
Mn   0.16000   0.18500   0.39800   0.73000   0.00659
Fe   0.16000   0.18500   0.39800   0.27000   0.00659
Ti   0.09000   0.93900   0.11600   1.00000   0.00481
Si1   0.02600   0.27800   0.09100   1.00000   0.00887
Si2   0.10300   0.84400   0.41400   1.00000   0.00697
Si3   0.23200   0.52400   0.39900   1.00000   0.00595
Si4   0.14700   0.41100   0.55900   1.00000   0.01267
O1   0.10600   0.28600   0.25000   1.00000   0.00089
O2   0.03300   0.17200   0.41800   1.00000   0.03800
O3   0.21000   0.30700   0.58700   1.00000   0.03800
O4   0.12300   0.04300   0.25300   1.00000   0.01393
O5   0.20200   0.07100   0.58000   1.00000  -0.00697
O6   0.04900   0.94800   0.43100   1.00000   0.01634
O7   0.11300   0.81800   0.27700   1.00000   0.02102
O8   0.16400   0.51700   0.48400   1.00000   0.00241
O9   0.16600   0.45700   0.72900   1.00000   0.00760
O10   0.03900   0.37400   0.47100   1.00000   0.01013
O11   0.28900   0.63100   0.47000   1.00000   0.01469
O12   0.43100   0.75800   0.52400   1.00000   0.00861

Synonyms of Manganoneptunite-Neptunite SeriesHide

Manganneptunite-Neptunite Series

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for Manganoneptunite-Neptunite SeriesHide

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References for Manganoneptunite-Neptunite SeriesHide

Reference List:

Localities for Manganoneptunite-Neptunite SeriesHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.



Australia
New South Wales Darling Co. Barraba ⓘ Woodsreef Mine (Wood's Reef Mine; Woodsreef Asbestos Mine; Wood'sreef asbestos deposit)	[Neptunite] Slansky et al. (1981) +1 other reference

Brazil
Minas Gerais Poços de Caldas ⓘ Bortolan quarry	[Neptunite] Atencio et al. (1999)
ⓘ Poços de Caldas alkaline complex	[Neptunite] Azzi (2019) +1 other reference
Paraná Tijucas do Sul Morro Redondo complex ⓘ Papanduva pluton	[Neptunite] Vilalva et al. (2010) +1 other reference
Santa Catarina ⓘ Lages	[Neptunite] G Traversa et al (1994)

Canada
Newfoundland and Labrador Labrador ⓘ Red Wine Alkaline Complex	[Neptunite] Curtis et al. (1977)
ⓘ Seal Lake alkaline complex (Letitia Lake)	[Neptunite] Heinrich et al. (1963) +1 other reference
ⓘ Mann 1 (Letitia Lake)	[Neptunite] GSC database locality No. 4100 +1 other reference
ⓘ Mann 2 (Ten Mile Lake)	[Neptunite] GSC database +2 other references
Québec Montérégie La Vallée-du-Richelieu RCM Mont Saint-Hilaire ⓘ Poudrette quarry (De-Mix quarry; Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire; MSH)	[Manganoneptunite] MANDARINO et al. (1965) +1 other reference
Lajemmerais RCM Varennes & St-Amable ⓘ Saint-Amable sill	[Manganoneptunite] Horváth et al. (1998)
ⓘ Demix-Varennes quarry	[Manganoneptunite] Horváth et al. (1998)
Montréal Montréal-Est ⓘ Lafarge Montreal East quarry (Carrière Lafarge Montréal-Est; Francon Montréal-Est quarry; Canada Cement quarry)	[Manganoneptunite] Horváth collection

Germany
Baden-Württemberg Freiburg Region Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald Bötzingen ⓘ Fohberg Quarry (Hauri Quarry)	[Neptunite] Uwe Kolitsch (SXRD- and EDS-analysis on material collected by Bernd Gassmann, to be published)

Greenland
Kujalleq Igaliku Narsaarsuk Plateau ⓘ Narssârssuk pegmatite	[Neptunite] Flink (1893) +1 other reference
ⓘ Ilímaussaq complex	[Manganoneptunite] Petersen (2001)
Kangerluarsuk Fjord Head of Kangerluarsuk Lilleelv ⓘ Lilleelv pegmatite	[Neptunite] Danø et al. (1959)
Qeqertaussaq Island ⓘ South Coast Pegmatite	[Neptunite] Soerensen (1962)
ⓘ Kuannersuit Plateau (Kvanefjeld)	[Neptunite] Friis et al. (2004)
ⓘ Rohaite occurrence	[Neptunite] Petersen et al. (2005)
ⓘ Slope between Kvanefjeld Mt and Steenstrups Mt	[Neptunite] Metcalf-Johansen (1977)
ⓘ Tugtupite-bearing albitites	[Neptunite] Petersen et al. (2002)
ⓘ Mount Nakkaalaaq	[Neptunite] Semenov et al. (1965)
ⓘ Taseq Slope	[Neptunite] found by Frank de Wit 2008
Tunulliarfik Fjord ⓘ Igdlunguaq	[Neptunite] Bøggild (1953) +2 other references
ⓘ Tugtup Agtakôrfia	[Neptunite] Bøggild (1953)
ⓘ Tuperssuatsiat Bay	[Neptunite] Bøggild (1953)

Hungary
Baranya County Pécs District Hosszúhetény ⓘ Köves Hill	[Neptunite] collector: Csaba Papp
ⓘ Phonolite quarry	[Neptunite] www.geomania.hu

Ireland
Leinster Louth County Carlingford ⓘ Barnavave	[Neptunite] Nockolds et al. (1947) +1 other reference

Libya
Jabal al Gharbi District Gharyan Volcanic Field ⓘ Kaf El Khalef	[Neptunite] Lustrino et al. (2012)

Malawi
Southern Region Zomba ⓘ Mount Malosa ?	[Manganoneptunite] Petersen et al. (1994)

Mongolia
Khovd Province Myangad District Khaldzan Buragtag massif ⓘ Khalzan Buregte Zr–Nb–REE deposit (Khalzan Buregtei deposit)	[Neptunite] Kempe et al. (1999) +2 other references
Ömnögovi Province Khanbogd District ⓘ Khan Bogd Peralkaline Granite	[Neptunite] J Kynický et al. (2009)
ⓘ Dorozhnyi pegmatite	[Neptunite] Jindrich Kynicky

Morocco
Drâa-Tafilalet Region Midelt Province Midelt Cercle Aït Oufella Caïdat Amersid ⓘ Jebel Bou-Agrao	[Manganoneptunite] Khadem Allah (1993)

Namibia
Khomas Region Windhoek Rural Aris ⓘ Aris Quarries	[Neptunite] Blass et al. (2014) +2 other references

Russia
Buryatia Mama River Basin Maigunda River ⓘ Burpala alkaline massif	[Manganoneptunite] Vladykin et al. (2017)
Kabardino-Balkaria Chegemsky District Upper Chegem volcanic caldera (Verkhnechegemskaya caldera) Lakargi Mountain ⓘ Xenolith no. 5	[Neptunite] Zadov et al. (2011)
Murmansk Oblast Khibiny Massif Eveslogchorr Mt Astrophyllite Stream ⓘ Pegmatite	[Manganoneptunite] Pekov et al. (2005)
ⓘ IGC Stop 4-2	[Manganoneptunite] Arzamastsev et al. (2008)
ⓘ Koashva Mt	[Neptunite] PEKOV et al. (2013)
ⓘ Koashva Open Pit	[Manganoneptunite] American Mineralogist
ⓘ Kukisvumchorr Mt	[Manganoneptunite] Pekov et al. (2004)
Kirovskii apatite mine ⓘ 252 m level	[Manganoneptunite] Yakovenchuk et al. (2024)
ⓘ Hilairitovoye pegmatite	[Manganoneptunite] Pekov et al. (2006)
ⓘ Marchenko Peak	[Manganoneptunite] Collection of the Fersman's ...
ⓘ Maly Mannepakhk Mt (Malyi Mannepakhk Mt)	[Manganoneptunite] Kurbatov (1923) +1 other reference
ⓘ Poachvumchorr Mountain	[Manganoneptunite] Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Rischorr Mt	[Manganoneptunite] various added photos
ⓘ Takhtarvumchorr Mt	[Neptunite]
Lovozersky District ⓘ Alluaiv Mountain	[Manganoneptunite] [World of Stones 95:5-6 +1 other reference
Umbozero mine ⓘ Shkatulka pegmatite	[Manganoneptunite] Th. Witzke collection +1 other reference
ⓘ Sirenevaya pegmatite	[Manganoneptunite] Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Umbozero North quarry	[Manganoneptunite] Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
ⓘ Apuaiv Mountain	[Neptunite] Sorokhtina N.V. et al. (2004)
ⓘ Karnasurt Mountain	[Manganoneptunite] Arzamastsev et al. (2008)
ⓘ Karnasurt mine	[Manganoneptunite] Kasatkin (2019)
ⓘ Palitra pegmatite	[Manganoneptunite] Pekov (2005)
ⓘ Natrolite Stock	[Manganoneptunite] Pekov et al. (2004) +1 other reference
ⓘ Yubileinaya-2 pegmatite	[Manganoneptunite] Kasatkin (2019)
ⓘ Yubileinaya pegmatite	[Manganoneptunite] Pekov (1998) +2 other references
ⓘ Kedykverpakhk Mountain	[Manganoneptunite] Pekov (1998)
ⓘ Kitknyun Mountain	[Neptunite]
ⓘ Kuftnyun Mountain	[Neptunite]
ⓘ Pegmatite No. 19	[Manganoneptunite] Pekov (1998)
ⓘ Malyi Punkaruaiv Mountain	[Manganoneptunite] Pekov (1998) +2 other references
ⓘ Pegmatite No. 71	[Manganoneptunite] Ermolaeva et al. (2007)
ⓘ Mannepakhk Mountain	[Neptunite]
Seidozero Lake ⓘ Lepkhe-Nel'm Mt	[Manganoneptunite] Yakovenchuk et al. (2007)
ⓘ Pegmatite No. 45	[Neptunite] Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) +1 other reference
ⓘ Pegmatite No. 47	[Manganoneptunite] Semenov E.I. (1972)
ⓘ Sengischorr Mountain	[Manganoneptunite]
ⓘ Tavaiok River Valley	[Manganoneptunite] Ermolaeva et al. (2007)
ⓘ Niva alkaline intrusion	[Neptunite] Arzamastseva et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Sakha Aldan Inagli Massif ⓘ Inagli chrome diopside deposit	[Neptunite] N.V. Chukanov et al.: Zap. Vses. Mineral. Obshch. 133 (1)

Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Lučenec District ⓘ Bulhary	[Neptunite] Huraiová et al. (2017)

Spain
Canary Islands Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province Tenerife ⓘ ~~Alcala~~	[Neptunite] Dill et al. (2023)
Candelaria Barranco Hondo ⓘ ~~Lava flow~~	[Manganoneptunite] Dill et al. (2023)
Granadilla de Abona ⓘ ~~La Mareta~~	[Neptunite] Dill et al. (2023)

Tajikistan
Districts of Republican Subordination ⓘ Dara-i-Pioz Massif	[Neptunite] Agakhanov et al. (2005) +5 other references

USA
California San Benito County Picacho Peak ⓘ Mina Numero Uno	[Neptunite] Wise (1982) +2 other references
ⓘ Victor claim (Victor Mine)	[Neptunite] Cooper et al. (2003) +1 other reference
Santa Rita Peak ⓘ California State Gem Mine	[Neptunite] Louderback (1907) +8 other references
ⓘ Clear Creek area benitoite occurrence	[Neptunite] Pemberton (1983) +1 other reference
ⓘ Junnila Mine (Junnila claim)	[Neptunite] www.benitoitemine.com +1 other reference
Montana Meagher County ⓘ Gordon Butte	[Manganoneptunite] Mitchell (2000) +1 other reference
New Mexico Colfax County Springer Point of Rocks Mesa ⓘ Point of Rocks Quarry	[Manganoneptunite] Rocks & Min.:60:229.
North Carolina Alexander County ⓘ Hiddenite	[Neptunite] Collected & identified by Michael ...
Virginia Augusta County West Augusta ⓘ Stoutameyer Branch (Stotameyer Creek)	[Manganoneptunite] Robin D. Tibbit (deceased)