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Ludwigite-Vonsenite Series

A solid-solution series between two end-member minerals

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Edit Ludwigite-Vonsenite Series Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Ludwigite

Unnamed Skarn occurrence [1], Kaiser Wilderness area, Fresno County, California, USA

Ludwigite

Băiţa mining district, Nucet, Bihor County, Romania

Ludwigite

Spring Mountain Mining District, Lemhi County, Idaho, USA

Ludwigite

Unnamed Skarn occurrence [1], Kaiser Wilderness area, Fresno County, California, USA

Ludwigite

Băiţa mining district, Nucet, Bihor County, Romania

Ludwigite

Spring Mountain Mining District, Lemhi County, Idaho, USA

Ludwigite

Unnamed Skarn occurrence [1], Kaiser Wilderness area, Fresno County, California, USA

Ludwigite

Băiţa mining district, Nucet, Bihor County, Romania

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About Ludwigite-Vonsenite SeriesHide

Crystal System:

Orthorhombic

Series Formula:

Mg₂Fe³⁺(BO₃)O₂ to Fe₂²⁺Fe³⁺(BO₃)O₂

A series between Ludwigite and Vonsenite

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

8629

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:8629:1

Pronunciation of Ludwigite-Vonsenite SeriesHide

Pronunciation:

Play	Recorded by	Country
	Jolyon Ralph	United Kingdom

Chemical AnalysisHide

Empirical formulas:

Sample ID	Empirical Formula
1	(Mg1.88,Fe0.11)1.99 (Fe0.78,Al0.21)0.99 O2 BO3
2	(Mg1.95,Fe0.05)2.00 (Fe0.68,Al0.25,Ti0.06)0.99 O2 BO3

Sample references:

ID	Locality	Reference	Notes
1	Gabbro Quarry, Radau valley, Bad Harzburg, Goslar District, Lower Saxony, Germany	Dennis Harries, EPMA	Polished grain mount. Calibrated quantitative analysis, O and B by stoichiometry.
2	" "	Dennis Harries, EPMA	Polished grain mount. Calibrated quantitative analysis, O and B by stoichiometry.

Crystallography of Ludwigite-Vonsenite SeriesHide

Crystal System:

Orthorhombic

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0018467	Ludwigite	Brovkin A A, Rozhdestvenskaya I V, Rykova E A (2002) Cation distribution in the structure of titanium-containing ludwigite Crystallography Reports 47 412-414	2002	Tazheran massif	293
0014914	Ludwigite	Holtstam D (2001) Crystal chemistry of a manganian ludwigite Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 2001 520-528	2001	Jakobsberg Fe-Mn oxide deposit, Filipstad, Varmland, Sweden	293
0005628	Ludwigite	Irwin M B, Peterson R C (1999) The crystal structure of ludwigite The Canadian Mineralogist 37 939-943	1999	Crestmore quarry, California, USA	293
0000909	Vonsenite	Swinnea J S, Steinfink H (1983) Crystal structure and Mossbauer spectrum of vonsenite, 2FeOFeBO3* American Mineralogist 68 827-832	1983		293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Ludwigite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Brovkin A A'
'Rozhdestvenskaya I V'
'Rykova E A'
_journal_name_full 'Crystallography Reports'
_journal_volume 47 
_journal_year 2002
_journal_page_first 412
_journal_page_last 414
_publ_section_title
;
 Cation distribution in the structure of titanium-containing ludwigite
 Note: to be the mineral azoproite, Ti+Mg must be greater than Fe3+ in M4 site
 Note: Uiso values have been divided by 100
;
_database_code_amcsd 0018467
_chemical_compound_source 'Tazheran massif'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Mg3.976 Fe1.404 Ti.42 Al.2 B2 O10'
_cell_length_a 9.260
_cell_length_b 12.294
_cell_length_c 3.0236
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 344.214
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      3.687
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P b a m'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,-z'
  'x,y,-z'
  '-x,-y,z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
MgM1   0.00000   0.00000   0.50000   1.00000   0.00620
MgM2   0.00120   0.28057   0.50000   1.00000   0.00570
Fe2+M3   0.50000   0.00000   0.00000   0.32400   0.00410
MgM3   0.50000   0.00000   0.00000   0.67600   0.00410
Fe3+M4   0.23823   0.11540   0.00000   0.47000   0.00676
Ti4+M4   0.23823   0.11540   0.00000   0.21000   0.00676
MgM4   0.23823   0.11540   0.00000   0.15000   0.00676
AlM4   0.23823   0.11540   0.00000   0.10000   0.00676
Fe2+M4   0.23823   0.11540   0.00000   0.07000   0.00676
B   0.27460   0.36020   0.00000   1.00000   0.00590
O1   0.34990   0.45710   0.00000   1.00000   0.00650
O2   0.10950   0.14290   0.50000   1.00000   0.00840
O3   0.12440   0.35810   0.00000   1.00000   0.00720
O4   0.38380   0.07620   0.50000   1.00000   0.00950
O5   0.34970   0.26240   0.00000   1.00000   0.00690

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Ludwigite-Vonsenite Series in petrologyHide

An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

Metamorphic rock
- Metasomatic-rock
  - Skarn
    - Magnesian-skarn

Internet Links for Ludwigite-Vonsenite SeriesHide

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References for Ludwigite-Vonsenite SeriesHide

Reference List:

Bloise, A., Barrese, E. (2009) Synthesis of isomorphic vonsenite-ludwigite series. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 186 (3) 345-350 doi:10.1127/0077-7757/2009/0153

Bloise, A., Barrese, E., Apollaro, C., Miriello, D. (2010) Synthesis of ludwigite along the Mg₂FeBO₅ – Mg₂AlBO₅ join. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 187 (2) 217-223 doi:10.1127/0077-7757/2010/0175

Localities for Ludwigite-Vonsenite SeriesHide

Showing 252 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Afghanistan
Ghazni Malistan District ⓘ Nayak Fe-B occurrence	[Ludwigite] Orris et al. (2002)
Muqur District ⓘ Maghn Sn occurrence	[Ludwigite] Orris et al. (2002)
Kandahar Shah Wali Kot District ⓘ Ghbargay Cu-Bi-Sn occurrence	[Ludwigite] Orris et al. (2002)
Urozgan Gizab District ⓘ Buzghala Au-Cu occurrence	[Ludwigite] Orris et al. (2002)

Argentina
Jujuy Province Humahuaca Department El Aguilar ⓘ Aguilar Mine	[Ludwigite] Brodtkorb (2002)
ⓘ Esperanza prospect	[Vonsenite] Singer et al. (2009)

Australia
Tasmania Waratah-Wynyard municipality Corinna-Savage River district ⓘ Savage River Mines	[Ludwigite] Bottrill & Taheri
Waratah district Waratah-Mt Bischoff ⓘ Mount Bischoff Mine	[Vonsenite] Bottrill (2018)
West Coast municipality Mt Lindsay mineral field ⓘ Mt Lindsay mine (Parsons Hood)	[Vonsenite] R Bottrill
Zeehan mining district Mt Heemskirk mineral field ⓘ St Dizier mine	[Ludwigite] Tested by XRD and SEM-EDS by R Bottrill +1 other reference
ⓘ Tenth Legion mine	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Bottrill et al. (2008)
North Dundas ⓘ Renison Bell Mine	[Ludwigite] Patterson

Austria
Salzburg Zell am See District Kaprun ⓘ Lechnerberg slag locality	[Vonsenite] Kolitsch et al. (2012)
Tyrol Schwaz District Finkenberg ⓘ Furtschaglkar	[Ludwigite] Franz et al. (1981)

Bulgaria
Yambol Province Tundzha Municipality Krumovo ⓘ Krumovo iron mine	[Ludwigite] Marcus Voigt Collection

Canada
Ontario ⓘ Bancroft area	[Ludwigite] 162-165. +1 other reference
Hastings County Town of Bancroft Dungannon Township York River area ⓘ York River skarn	[Ludwigite] Sabina (1982)
Québec Outaouais Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM Chelsea ⓘ Cross quarry	[Ludwigite] Sabina (1987)
La Pêche Wakefield ⓘ Maxwell quarry	[Ludwigite] Sabina (1987) +1 other reference
Yukon Watson Lake mining district ⓘ Mindy prospect	[Vonsenite] Liverton et al. (eds.)

China
Anhui Chuzhou Tianchang City ⓘ Yeshan Fe-B deposit	[Ludwigite] Zhao et al. (2022) +1 other reference
Huaibei Suixi Co. Sanpu ore field ⓘ Qianchang Mine	[Ludwigite] Chen et al. (2007)
ⓘ Qinlou Mine	[Ludwigite] Zhao et al. (1999)
ⓘ Sanpu Cu-Fe deposit	[Ludwigite] Yiming Zhao and Daxin Li (2003)
Xuancheng Xuanzhou District ⓘ Magushan Mine (East Tongshan Mine)	[Ludwigite] Gu et al. (2007)
Guangdong Heyuan Lianping Co. ⓘ Dading Fe-Sn deposit	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Jianxiong Zhou and Jinyan Lu (1981) +1 other reference
Qingyuan Yangshan County ⓘ Jiulongping Mine	[Ludwigite] Zhenhai Wang (2000)
Hebei Baoding Laiyuan County ⓘ Zhijiazhuang Mine	[Ludwigite] Chang Zhaoshan and Feng Zhongyan (1996) +1 other reference
Hunan Hengyang Changning Co. Dayishan Sn-polymetallic ore field ⓘ Banbianjie prospect	[Ludwigite] Rongwen Zhou and Zhishun Chen (1991)
ⓘ Qiliping Sn-Fe deposit	[Ludwigite, Ludwigite var: Tin-bearing Ludwigite] Yang Guangming et al. (1985) +1 other reference
ⓘ Tangshi B deposit	[Ludwigite] Rongwen Zhou and Zaixi Li (1992)
Yongzhou Dao Co. ⓘ Weijia W deposit	[Ludwigite] Fushun Li et al. (2012)
Inner Mongolia Chifeng City (Ulanhad League; Chifeng Prefecture) Hexigten Banner (Keshiketeng Co.) ⓘ Shijiangshan mine (Dashishan mine) ?	[Ludwigite] Ottens et al. (2014)
Jiangsu Nantong Qidong Co. ⓘ Wanghao Fe deposit	[Ludwigite] Kamitani et al. (2007)
Jilin Tonghua Ji'an Co. ⓘ Gaotaigou Boron deposit	[Ludwigite] Zongkai Lu (1984) +1 other reference
ⓘ Huanziyao Mine	[Ludwigite] Keevil et al. (2022)
Tonghua Co. ⓘ Erdaohezi Mine	[Ludwigite] Mingshou Yang (1983)
Liaoning Dalian Wafangdian City ⓘ Huatong Mine (Huatungkou Mine)	[Ludwigite] Matsuda (1969) +2 other references
Dandong Fengcheng City ⓘ Wengquan'gou Boron deposit	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Rongge Xiao et al. (2003) +4 other references
Yingkou Dashiqiao City ⓘ Houxianyu Boron deposit	[Ludwigite] Rongge Xiao et al. (2003) +2 other references
Qinghai Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Dulan County Wulonggou gold field ⓘ Wulonggou Cu-Zn deposit	[Ludwigite] Guoqiang Tian et al. (2006)
Xinjiang Kezilesu Autonomous Prefecture (Kizilsu Autonomous Prefecture; Qizilsu Autonomous Prefecture) Atushi Co. (Artux Co.; Atux Co.; Atush Co.) ⓘ Cheyibulake polymetallic occurrence (Qieyibulake polymetallic occurrence)	[Ludwigite] Fuquan Yang et al. (2003)
Yunnan Baoshan Tengchong County Tengchong Sn belt Diantan ⓘ Diantan Sn-Fe deposit	[Ludwigite] Feibao Wu and Zongyu Li (1986) +1 other reference

Czech Republic
Karlovy Vary Region Karlovy Vary District Boží Dar Zlatý Kopec ⓘ Zlatý Kopec skarn deposit	[Ludwigite] Šrein +2 other references
Ústí nad Labem Region Chomutov District Měděnec ⓘ Horní Halže	[Ludwigite] Robert Vaňo specimens
ⓘ Mýtinka	[Ludwigite] Gramblička (n.d.)

Finland
South Savo Pieksämäki ⓘ Virtasalmi copper mine	[Ludwigite] Virtasalmi-Copper Database. Geological Survey of Finland (2009)

France
Occitanie Pyrénées-Orientales Céret Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste ⓘ Costabonne mines (Costabona mines)	[Ludwigite] Goujou et al. (2000)

Germany
Lower Saxony Goslar District Bad Harzburg Radau valley ⓘ Gabbro Quarry	[Ludwigite] Dennis Harries Collection
Rhineland-Palatinate Vulkaneifel Gerolstein Gerolstein Roth ⓘ Rother Kopf	[Vonsenite] Blaß et al. (2012)
Saxony Erzgebirgskreis ⓘ Breitenbrunn	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Mädler (1992)
Antonsthal ⓘ Fällbach Shaft	[Ludwigite] www.mineralienatlas.de (2016)
ⓘ Globenstein skarn	[Ludwigite] Reinhardt et al. (2022)
Schwarzenberg Crandorf ⓘ Shaft 235 (Weißer Hirsch mine)	[Ludwigite] Gröbner et al. (2006) +1 other reference
Pöhla ⓘ Pöhla-Tellerhäuser Mine	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Collection of Chester S. Lemanski

Hungary
Nógrád County Nagylóc ⓘ Nagy-Zsunyi Hill quarry (Zunypuszta quarry)	[Vonsenite] ...

Italy
Campania Metropolitan City of Naples Bacoli ⓘ Torregaveta	[Vonsenite] Russo M. (2008)
Ercolano ⓘ Scala lava flow	[Vonsenite, Vonsenite var: Breislakite] Monticelli et al. (1825) +1 other reference
Ischia Island ⓘ Forio	[Vonsenite] Massim Russo collection
ⓘ Mount Vesuvius	[Vonsenite] Russo et al. (2004)
Naples ⓘ Pianura	[Vonsenite] Federico M. (1969) +1 other reference
ⓘ Procida Island	[Vonsenite] Russo (2008)
Sant'Anastasia ⓘ Cupa dell'Olivella	[Vonsenite] M. Carati - Guida alla mineralogia ...
Terzigno ⓘ Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello)	[Vonsenite] Luigi Chiappino data
Torre del Greco ⓘ Camaldoli della Torre	[Vonsenite] Carati (1981) +2 other references
ⓘ Villa Inglese quarries	[Vonsenite] Russo (1981) +3 other references
Salerno Nocera Inferiore ⓘ Fiano tuff quarries	[Vonsenite] Del Caldo et al. (1973) +2 other references
Lazio Frosinone Province ⓘ Pofi	[Vonsenite] Mattias P.P. (1969) +1 other reference
Metropolitan City of Rome Capital Campagnano di Roma ⓘ Monte Cavalluccio	[Vonsenite] Ventura et al. (2002)
ⓘ S. Angelo Mount	[Vonsenite] Bortolozzi (n.d.)
Monte Compatri Laghetto (Laghetto di Montecompatri) ⓘ Laghetto quarries	[Vonsenite] Stoppani et al. (1982) +2 other references
Rome ⓘ Capo di Bove	[Vonsenite] Fornaseri et al. (1969)
ⓘ Corcolle Quarry	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Bachechi et al. (1966 a) +3 other references
Le Capannelle ⓘ Casal Rotondo quarries	[Vonsenite] Fornaseri et al. (1969) +1 other reference
Osteria dell'Osa ⓘ Osa Quarry	[Vonsenite] Fornaseri et al. (1969) +6 other references
Valleranello ⓘ Vallerano Quarries	[Vonsenite] Zambonini (1902) +5 other references
ⓘ Stracciacappe caldera	[Vonsenite] Gresta et al. (2002)
Viterbo Province ⓘ Bassano Romano	[Vonsenite] Carloni et al. (2002)
ⓘ Capranica	[Vonsenite] Oberti et al. (2001)
ⓘ Campo Padella	[Vonsenite] Della Ventura et al. (1999) +1 other reference
ⓘ Cassia Road km 61.5	[Vonsenite] Bortolozzi (n.d.)
Gradoli ⓘ Poggio Pinzo (Gradoli pozzolana quarry)	[Vonsenite] Signoretti et al. (2001)
Montalto di Castro Pietra Massa Locality ⓘ Campomorto Quarry	[Vonsenite, Vonsenite var: Breislakite] Bortolozzi (n.d.) +1 other reference
Onano ⓘ Montenero Quarry	[Vonsenite] Cresta et al. (2002)
Soriano nel Cimino ⓘ Le Piagge	[Vonsenite] Federico (1968) +1 other reference
Valentano ⓘ Mt Saliette	[Vonsenite] Burli et al. (2007)
ⓘ Vetralla	[Vonsenite] AMI UK Service
ⓘ La Botte (Botte)	[Vonsenite] Bortolozzi (n.d.)
ⓘ Pian di San Martino	[Vonsenite] Bortolozzi (n.d.)
ⓘ Tre Croci	[Vonsenite] Boiocchi (2006)
ⓘ Villa San Giovanni in Tuscia	[Vonsenite] Carlini
Viterbo ⓘ Le Carcarelle	[Vonsenite] Flavio G. Taricco collection
ⓘ San Martino al Cimino	[Vonsenite] Scherillo A. (1940) +1 other reference
Lombardy Sondrio Province Valfurva Cedec Valley ⓘ Bottiglia Pass (Königsjoch)	[Ludwigite] Bedognè et al. (2006)
ⓘ Cima delle Pale Rosse	[Ludwigite] Bedognè +2 other references
Zebrù Valley ⓘ Vedretta della Miniera (Cima della Miniera)	[Ludwigite] Bedognè et al. (2006)
Piedmont Metropolitan City of Turin Lessolo Calea ⓘ Brosso Mine	[Ludwigite] Campostrini (2001)
Sardinia Sassari Province ⓘ Alghero	[Vonsenite] Neschen (n.d.)
ⓘ Nulvi	[Vonsenite] Bortolozzi (n.d.)
ⓘ Ploaghe	[Vonsenite] Bortolozzi (n.d.)
ⓘ Villanova Monteleone - Monteleone Rocca Doria area	[Vonsenite] Paolo Capitanio collection
South Sardinia Province Teulada ⓘ Monte Corilla	[Ludwigite] //doi.org/10.57635/MICRO.2025.23.18
Sicily Metropolitan City of Messina Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands) Lipari Lipari Island Canneto Punta Castagna ⓘ Pumex Quarry (Porticello Quarry)	[Vonsenite] F. Brignoli self collected
Vulcano Island ⓘ La Fossa crater	[Vonsenite] PANICHI U. (1924)
Umbria Terni Province San Venanzo ⓘ Vispi Quarry ?	[Ludwigite] Meli R. (1997)

Japan
Fukushima Prefecture Date District Kawamata ⓘ Haneyama mine (Hayama mine)	[Ludwigite] Petrov (n.d.) +1 other reference
Iwate Prefecture Kamaishi City ⓘ Kamaishi mine	[Vonsenite] Watanabe & Ito (1954)
Miyako City Kamineichi ⓘ Neichi mine	[Ludwigite] Watanabe et al (1963) +1 other reference
Miyazaki Prefecture Nishiusuki District Hinokage ⓘ Sengendera mine	[Vonsenite] Minakawa and Adachi (1990) +1 other reference

Kazakhstan
Karaganda Region Balkhash Sayak Cu ore field ⓘ Sayak 4 Deposit (Sayak IV Deposit)	[Ludwigite] Pekov (1998)

North Korea
North Hwanghae Province ⓘ Suan County	[Ludwigite]
ⓘ Hol Kol Mine	[Ludwigite] Watanabe (1953)
ⓘ Eastern orebody	[Ludwigite] Ogura (1969) +1 other reference
ⓘ North orebody (New orebody)	[Ludwigite] Ogura (1969) +1 other reference
ⓘ Western orebody	[Ludwigite] Ogura (1969)
Yonsan County Holdong worker's district ⓘ Holdong Au deposit	[Ludwigite] Palache et al. (1951)

Norway
Nordland Sortland Godfjorden ⓘ Mehus	[Ludwigite] Bøe (1997) +1 other reference

Pakistan
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province Mansehra District Kaghan Valley Naran ⓘ Sapat Gali	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Jan et al. (1996) +1 other reference

Peru
Junín ⓘ Yauli Province	[Ludwigite] Palache et al. (1951)

Romania
Bihor County Nucet ⓘ Băiţa mining district	[Ludwigite] Ş +1 other reference
ⓘ Pietroasa	[Ludwigite] Ş +2 other references
ⓘ Aleului Valley	[Ludwigite] Marincea et al. (2023)
Caraş-Severin County Moldova Nouă ⓘ Moldova Nouă Mine	[Ludwigite] www.minerals-of-the-carpathians
ⓘ Ocna de Fier-Dognecea District	[Ludwigite] Cook et al. (2001)
ⓘ Ocna de Fier	[Ludwigite] Palache et al. (1951) +3 other references
ⓘ Arhangheli quarry	[Ludwigite] Marincea (1999) +1 other reference
ⓘ Delius quarry	[Ludwigite] Marincea (1999) +1 other reference
ⓘ Iuliana Mine	[Ludwigite] Stefan Nicolescu (1996) +2 other references
ⓘ Jupiter mine	[Ludwigite] Marincea (1999) +1 other reference
ⓘ Magnet quarry	[Ludwigite] Marincea (1999) +1 other reference
ⓘ Reichenstein mine	[Ludwigite] Marincea (1999) +1 other reference
ⓘ Simon Iuda deposit	[Ludwigite] Cook et al. (2001)
ⓘ Terezia Mine	[Ludwigite] Stefan Nicolescu (1996) +2 other references
Cluj County Iara ⓘ Cacova Ierii	[Ludwigite] Marincea (2000)
ⓘ Iara Mine	[Ludwigite] MARINCEA (2000) +2 other references

Russia
Buryatia Yeravninsky District Ozernoe ore cluster ⓘ Solongo B deposit	[Ludwigite] American Mineralogist +2 other references
Chelyabinsk Oblast Kartalinsky District ⓘ Verblyuzhegorskoye Cr deposit	[Ludwigite] webmineral.ru (n.d.)
Kusinsky District Magnitka ⓘ Akhmatov mine	[Ludwigite] Frank K. Mazdab collection +2 other references
Medvedevka ⓘ Praskov'e-Evgen'evskaya kop'	[Ludwigite] Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Irkutsk Oblast Nizhneilimsky District Zheleznogorsk-Ilimsky ⓘ Korshunovskoye iron deposit	[Ludwigite] Mazurov et al. (2007)
Kamchatka Krai Milkovsky District ⓘ Tolbachik Volcanic field	[Ludwigite] Bulakh et al. (2021)
Great Fissure eruption (Main Fracture) Northern Breakthrough (North Breach) Second scoria cone ⓘ Arsenatnaya fumarole	[Ludwigite] Bulakh et al. (2021) +3 other references
Khabarovsk Krai Ayano-Maysky district ⓘ Gonochan deposit	[Ludwigite] Galuskina et al. (2008)
Krasnoyarsk Krai Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug Taimyr Peninsula Norilsk-Talnakh Mining Region Noril'sk Cu-Ni deposit Noril'sk-1 Cu-Ni deposit Medvezhyi Ruchei Mine ⓘ Noril'sk I intrusive	[Ludwigite] Shevko et al. (2019, September)
Primorsky Krai Dalnegorsk Urban District ⓘ Dalnegorsk	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Grant et al. (2001)
Republic of Karelia Pitkyarantsky District ⓘ Pitkyaranta mining district	[Ludwigite] Aleksandrov et al. (2009) +1 other reference
ⓘ Sakha	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] American Mineralogist 42:582-583
Aldan ⓘ Tayezhnoe Fe-B skarn (Tayozhnoye)	[Ludwigite] USGS Open File Report 2005-1252: 23. +3 other references
ⓘ Chersky Range	[Vonsenite] Palache et al. (1951)
Polar Yakutia Dogdo River Basin Tas-Khayakhtakh Range ⓘ Titovskoe B deposit	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Aleksandrov (1998) +2 other references
Izvestkovyi Stream ⓘ Snezhnoe B ore occurrence	[Ludwigite] Pertsev +1 other reference
ⓘ Nalednoe B ore occurrence	[Ludwigite] Pavel M. Kartashov (n.d.)
Verkhoyansk District Yana River Basin Dogdo river ⓘ Kebirnin'ya creek (Nalednoye)	[Ludwigite] Schreyer et al. (2004)
ⓘ Tazheranskii Massif	[Ludwigite] Pekov (1998)
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Shuryshkarskiy District Voikar-Syninskiy ultrabasite complex ⓘ Malaya Kharamatalou river (left bank)	[Ludwigite] Pekov et al. (2024)
Zabaykalsky Krai Gazimuro-Zavodsky District Bystrinsky ore cluster ⓘ Zapadnoe deposit	[Ludwigite] Kalashnikov et al. (2024)
ⓘ Kultuma Deposit	[Ludwigite] Kovalev et al. (2019)

Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Banská Štiavnica District Vysoká ⓘ Zlatno	[Ludwigite] Vladimír Bilohuščin (2016) +1 other reference

Spain
Andalusia Málaga Igualeja ⓘ El Robledal Mine (Cañuelo skarn)	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Curras et al. (1992) +1 other reference
Extremadura Badajoz Burguillos del Cerro ⓘ Monchi Mine	[Vonsenite] Lopez-Ruiz et al. (1971) +2 other references

Sweden
Dalarna County Falun Svärdsjö ⓘ Sjö mine	[Ludwigite]
Hedemora ⓘ Ryllshyttan	[Ludwigite]
ⓘ Stålbo	[Ludwigite]
Stockholm County Norrtälje Söderby-Karl ⓘ Maria mine	[Ludwigite]
Stabby ore field ⓘ Slotts Mine	[Ludwigite] Stenberg (2005)
ⓘ Stabbygruvan	[Ludwigite] Appel et al. (1999)
Värmland County Filipstad Långban Ore District ⓘ Långban Mine	[Ludwigite] Gatedal (n.d.)
Nordmark mining district Jakobsberg ore field ⓘ Jakobsberg Mine	[Ludwigite] Gatedal (n.d.) +1 other reference
Nordmark Odal Field ⓘ Kitteln Mine	[Ludwigite] Gatedal (2003)
ⓘ Storgruvan	[Ludwigite] Knut Edvard Larsen collection # 3913 (visually identified, ex- H. Fylling collection)
Persberg ⓘ Bergmästar Mine	[Ludwigite] Gatedal (n.d.)
Persberg ore district ⓘ Gåsgruvan ore field	[Ludwigite] Sandström et al. (2009)
ⓘ Gåsgruvan	[Ludwigite] Gatedal (n.d.)
ⓘ Gåsgruvan Quarry	[Ludwigite] Holtstam (2001)
Västmanland County ⓘ Norberg	[Ludwigite] Palache et al. (1951)
Häste ore field ⓘ Tallgruvan	[Ludwigite] Palache et al. (1951)
Sala Municipality Jugansbo ⓘ Delbo prospect	[Ludwigite] Bjernulf et al. (2021)

UK
Scotland Highland Eilean á Chèo Isle of Skye Broadford Kilchrist ⓘ Marble quarries	[Ludwigite]
Torrin ⓘ Camas Malag	[Ludwigite] Livingstone (2002)

USA
Alaska Nome Census Area Port Clarence Mining District York Mountains ⓘ Brooks Mountain	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] USGS Bull 358 +1 other reference
ⓘ Ear Mountain	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] www.excaliburmineral.com
Arizona Pima County Mount Bigelow Leatherwood Mine group (Apache group) ⓘ Control Mine area (Geesman Mine group area)	[Ludwigite] Anthony et al. (1995)
California Fresno County Kaiser Wilderness area ⓘ Twin Lakes Limestone deposit	[Ludwigite] Vlisidis et al. (1974) +2 other references
ⓘ Unnamed Skarn occurrence [1]	[Ludwigite] Erd et al. (1988)
Twin Lakes Kaiser Ridge ⓘ Unnamed Borate occurrence [1]	[Ludwigite] Chesterman (1959) +3 other references
Kern County Tehachapi Mountains ⓘ Gorman District	[Ludwigite] Page (1946) +3 other references
Lebec Tejon Tin project (Gorman Tin project) ⓘ Gray Eagle prospect (Gray Eagle Discovery prospect; Gray Eagle claim)	[Ludwigite] - (2005)
ⓘ Hogan-Mallery Tin Mine (Hogan-Mallery Meek Mine; Hogan Tin Mine; Meeke Tin Mine; Meeke-Hogan Tin Mine; Meeke-Hogan Mine)	[Ludwigite] Page (1946) +6 other references
Monterey County Gabilan Range ⓘ Unnamed Borate occurrence [1]	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Chesterman (1966a) +2 other references
Riverside County Jurupa Valley Crestmore ⓘ Crestmore quarries	[Vonsenite] [micromounts@yahoogroups.com]
Sky Blue Hill ⓘ Commercial Quarry	[Ludwigite] Woodford et al. (1941) +2 other references
ⓘ Lone Star Quarry	[Ludwigite] Woodford et al. (1941)
ⓘ Wet Weather Quarry	[Ludwigite] Woodford et al. (1941)
Jurupa Mountains ⓘ Jensen Quarry	[Ludwigite] Cooney (1956) +3 other references
Riverside ⓘ New City Quarry (Victoria Avenue quarry)	[Ludwigite, Vonsenite] Woodford et al. (1941)
ⓘ Old City Quarry (City Quarry; North Hill Quarry; Quarry Hill; Fairmount)	[Vonsenite] Eakle (1920) +4 other references
San Bernardino County Bloomington ⓘ Henshaw Quarry	[Ludwigite] Cooney (1956) +2 other references
Cave Mountain Cave Canyon District ⓘ Cave Canyon Mine (Cave Canyon Iron Ore deposits; Cave Canyon Iron deposit; Baxter; Basin)	[Ludwigite] Lamey (1961) +3 other references
Lava Bed Mountains Lava Beds District (Newberry District) Iron Ridge ⓘ Ebony Iron deposit (Lava Bed deposit; Ebony)	[Ludwigite] Lamey (1961) +2 other references
Idaho Lemhi County ⓘ Spring Mountain Mining District	[Ludwigite] Micro Probe
ⓘ Bruce Canyon	[Ludwigite] Ream (2004)
ⓘ Bruce Estate deposit (Bruce - Stone Copper Group)	[Ludwigite] Ream (2004)
Quartzite Canyon ⓘ Unnamed skarn	[Ludwigite] Ream (2004)
Michigan Keweenaw County ⓘ Eagle Harbor Township	[Vonsenite] Heinrich et al. (2004)
Montana Deer Lodge County Georgetown Mining District (Southern Cross Mining District; Cable Mining District) ⓘ Pomeroy Mine	[Ludwigite] Lavinsky (n.d.)
ⓘ Southern Cross Mine	[Ludwigite] ex-Bosse collection (1960s-70s)
Granite County Philipsburg Mining District (Flint Creek Mining District) Franklin Hill Iron Deposit (Tarriff; Courtney Manganiferous Iron Deposit; Courtney Prospect) ⓘ Redemption Iron Mine	[Ludwigite] Gobla (2012)
ⓘ Philipsburg	[Ludwigite] Schaller (1911) +1 other reference
Lewis and Clark County Boulder Mountains Area ⓘ Colorado Gulch	[Ludwigite] Palache et al. (1951)
Nevada Elko County Railroad Mining District Alladin group Nevada Bunker Hill Mines ⓘ Grey Eagle Mine (Lee Mine; Helen M. claims; Lucky May Mine)	[Ludwigite] Gillerman (1982)
Lincoln County Bristol and Jackrabbit Mining Districts ⓘ Unnamed copper prospect	[Ludwigite] Castor et al. (2004)
ⓘ Pioche Mining District	[Ludwigite] Palache et al. (1951)
ⓘ Blind Mountain Prospect	[Ludwigite] American Mineralogist 10:137-139
Lyon County Singatse Range Yerington Mining District Ludwig ⓘ Ludwig Gypsum Mine	[Ludwigite] Castor et al. (2004)
Mineral County Bell Mining District ⓘ Blue Bird nos. 1 - 3 Mines	[Ludwigite] Martin Jensen (2011)
ⓘ Unnamed prospect	[Ludwigite] Castor et al. (2004)
New York ⓘ St. Lawrence County	[Vonsenite] Leonard et al. (1960)
Clare Clifton ⓘ Clifton Mines	[Vonsenite] Robinson et al. (2007)
Pitcairn ⓘ Jayville mine	[Vonsenite] NY State Museum spec. no. 13889 +2 other references
Utah Beaver County Beaver Lake Mining District West Spring ⓘ Unnamed prospect	[Ludwigite] Bullock (1981)
Salt Lake County ⓘ Alta Stock	[Ludwigite] Bullock (1981) +1 other reference
Big Cottonwood Mining District Brighton ⓘ Great Western Mine Group	[Ludwigite] Bullock (1981)
ⓘ Big Cottonwood Mine	[Ludwigite] Bullock (1981)
ⓘ Mountain Lake Mine (Jack Mine)	[Ludwigite] Calkins +3 other references
ⓘ Mountain View Mine	[Ludwigite] Bullock (1981)
Little Cottonwood Mining District Alta ⓘ Albian Basin	[Ludwigite] Woodford et al. (2001)
ⓘ Michigan-Utah Mine	[Ludwigite] Bullock (1981)
ⓘ Quincy Mine	[Ludwigite] Calkins +2 other references
ⓘ South Columbus Prospect	[Ludwigite] Calkins +2 other references
ⓘ South Hecla Mine	[Ludwigite] Bullock (1981)
Wasatch County ⓘ Clayton Peak	[Ludwigite] Field (1917)
Washington Snohomish County Darrington Mining District Jumbo Mountain ⓘ Jumbo Mountain Nickel deposit	[Ludwigite] Cannon (1975) +1 other reference
Stevens County Springdale Mining District Allen Clay Property ⓘ Read Mine	[Ludwigite] Valentine et al. (1960) +2 other references

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