Patrónite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Patrónite
Formula:
VS4
Colour:
Lead-gray on fresh surface, gray-black on exposed surface
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
2.82
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Antenor Rizo-Patrona (1866–1948) metallurgist of the Huaraucaca smelter, who discovered the ore.
Type Locality:
Name Encoding
ASCII-7:
Patronite
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3131
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3131:4
Similar Names
| Natronite (of ?) | A synonym of Natrolite | |
| Natronite (of Foshag et al.) | A synonym of Natron | |
| Paternoite | A synonym of Kaliborite | |
| Patrinite | A synonym of Aikinite | |
| Putoranite | A valid IMA mineral species | Cu1.1Fe1.2S2 |
IMA Classification of Patrónite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
V4+(S2)2-2
First published:
1906
Type description reference:
Classification of Patrónite
2.EC.10
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
C : M:S = 1:>2
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
C : M:S = 1:>2
2.16.21.1
2 : SULFIDES
16 : Miscellaneous
2 : SULFIDES
16 : Miscellaneous
3.7.1
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
7 : Sulphides etc. of V, As, Sb and Bi
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
7 : Sulphides etc. of V, As, Sb and Bi
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Pat | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Patrónite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Lead-gray on fresh surface, gray-black on exposed surface
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Very Good
Pronounced columnar cleavage
Pronounced columnar cleavage
Density:
2.82(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.834 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Patrónite
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 20.2% | 29.9% |
| 420nm | 20.0% | 30.0% |
| 440nm | 19.8% | 30.1% |
| 460nm | 19.8% | 30.8% |
| 480nm | 20.0% | 31.9% |
| 500nm | 20.1% | 32.6% |
| 520nm | 20.1% | 32.9% |
| 540nm | 20.0% | 32.8% |
| 560nm | 19.8% | 32.4% |
| 580nm | 19.6% | 31.4% |
| 600nm | 19.1% | 30.5% |
| 620nm | 18.9% | 29.6% |
| 640nm | 18.8% | 29.6% |
| 660nm | 19.0% | 29.8% |
| 680nm | 19.2% | 30.3% |
| 700nm | 19.5% | 31.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 32.9%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Dark gray
Pleochroism:
Strong
Chemistry of Patrónite
Mindat Formula:
VS4
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Patrónite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.11(1) Å, b = 10.42(1) Å, c = 6.775(5) Å
β = 100.8°
β = 100.8°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.162 : 1 : 0.65
Unit Cell V:
839.77 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Massive, and as aggregates of columnar crystals
Comment:
Space Group: I2/c.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.604 Å | (100) |
| 5.181 Å | (65) |
| 2.473 Å | (30) |
| 2.216 Å | (30) |
| 2.047 Å | (25) |
| 3.151 Å | (20) |
| 2.962 Å | (20) |
Comments:
Synthetic
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-? alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
Type Occurrence of Patrónite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Massive and aggregates of columnar crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard Mineralogical Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, number 100822 (holotype).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Ore mineral in vanadium deposit.
Synonyms of Patrónite
Other Language Names for Patrónite
Dutch:Patróniet
German:Patrónit
Patronit
Rizopatronit
Patronit
Rizopatronit
Russian:Патронит
Simplified Chinese:绿硫钒矿
Spanish:Patronita
Rizopatronita
Rizopatronita
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 47 photos of Patrónite associated with Melanovanadite | Ca(V5+,V4+)4O10 · 5H2O |
| 10 photos of Patrónite associated with Minasragrite | (V4+O)(SO4) · 5H2O |
| 7 photos of Patrónite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
| 3 photos of Patrónite associated with Stanleyite | (V4+O)(SO4) · 6H2O |
| 3 photos of Patrónite associated with Fernandinite | (Ca,K)(V5+,V4+,Fe2+)8O20 · 10H2O |
| 3 photos of Patrónite associated with Bariandite | Al0.6(V5+,V4+)8O20 · 9H2O |
| 2 photos of Patrónite associated with Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
| 1 photo of Patrónite associated with Dwornikite | Ni(SO4) · H2O |
| 1 photo of Patrónite associated with 'Bravoite' | (Fe,Ni)S2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.EC.05 | Nickelskutterudite | NiAs3 |
| 2.EC.05 | Skutterudite | CoAs3 |
| 2.EC.05 | Kieftite | CoSb3 |
| 2.EC.05 | Ferroskutterudite | FeAs3 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Patrónite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3131.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Patrónite
Reference List:
Hewett, F. (1906) A new occurrence of vanadium in Peru. Engineering and Mining Journal: 82: 385-385.
Hewett, F. (1906) A new occurrence of vanadium in Peru. Engineering and Mining Journal: 82: 385-385.
Hillebrand, W. F. (1907) The vanadium sulphide, patronite, and its mineral associates from Minasragra, Peru. Journal Of The American Chemical Society, 29 (7). 1019-1029 doi:10.1021/ja01961a006
Allmann, R., Baumann, I., Kutoglu, A., Rösch, H., Hellner, E. (1964) Die Kristallstruktur des Patronits V(S2)2. Die Naturwissenschaften, 51 (11) 263-264 doi:10.1007/bf00638454
Localities for Patrónite
Showing 13 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Stillwell (1932) +1 other reference |
El Salvador | |
| Joan Rosell (2023) |
Finland | |
| Peltola (1960) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Uranium One |
| Bernard et al. (2004) | |
Namibia | |
| Gebhard (1999) |
Peru | |
| Hewett (1910) |
| Hewett (1906) +3 other references |
Russia | |
| Nordgold |
| Koval’chuk et al. (2008) |
Spain | |
| Dill et al. (2023) |
| Dill et al. (2023) | |
USA | |
| Museum analysis |
Quick NavTopAbout PatróniteName EncodingUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Ragra Mine, Huayllay District, Pasco Province, Pasco, Peru