Heyite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Heyite
Max H. Hey
Formula:
Pb5Fe2+2(VO4)2O4
Colour:
Marigold-orange, orange-brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
6.3
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1973 by Sidney Arthur Williams in honor of Max Hutchinson Hey [March 11, 1904 Leyland, England, United Kingdom - January 24, 1984 Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, United Kingdom]. Hey was a chemist and systematic mineralogist and Keeper of Minerals at the British Museum of Natural History. His several editions of Chemical Index of Mineralogy evaluated the validity of all the known published minerals and he helped form the International Mineralogical Association.
Identical with calderonite (U. Kolitsch, unpublished data; discreditation proposal to be submitted to IMA).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1894
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1894:0
Similar Names
IMA Classification of Heyite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Pb2+5Fe2+2O4(V5+O4)2
Approval year:
1971
First published:
1973
Classification of Heyite
8.BK.20
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
K : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 2:1, 2.5:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
K : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 2:1, 2.5:1
41.2.2.1
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : (AB)7(XO4)2Zq
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : (AB)7(XO4)2Zq
21.4.20
21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
4 : Vanadates of U, Mn, Fe or Ni
21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
4 : Vanadates of U, Mn, Fe or Ni
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Hyt | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Heyite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Heyite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Marigold-orange, orange-brown
Streak:
Amber-yellow
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
6.3(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 6.284 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Heyite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.185(1) nβ = 2.219(1) nγ = 2.266(1)
2V:
Measured: 89° , Calculated: 82°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.081
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v, weak.
Optical Extinction:
Y = b; X ∧ c = 36°.
Chemistry of Heyite
Mindat Formula:
Pb5Fe2+2(VO4)2O4
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Heyite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Setting:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.910(4) Å, b = 6.017(4) Å, c = 7.734(4) Å
β = 111.88(7)°
β = 111.88(7)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.481 : 1 : 1.285
Unit Cell V:
384.76 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Elongate along the b axis and tabular on {100}. Forms include {001}, {100}, {110}, and {101}. Larger crystals show a composite structure with b axes diverging by a few degrees resulting in a structure like the 'bow ties' of prehnite.
Twinning:
Common on {110}, forming a “Y”-shaped doublet or “K”-shaped triplet.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.248 Å | (100) |
| 2.970 Å | (69) |
| 2.767 Å | (61) |
| 4.873 Å | (46) |
| 3.674 Å | (35) |
| 2.306 Å | (33) |
| 3.010 Å | (29) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] | |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Heyite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Small, simple, monoclinic crystals to 0.4 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1972,194; National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 127424, 135056.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In silicified limestone with other oxidation-zone minerals derived from galena, chalcopyrite, and pyrite. Occurs on and replaces corroded tungstenian wulfenite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Heyite
Other Language Names for Heyite
Common Associates
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.BK.05 | Brazilianite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| 8.BK.10 | Neustädtelite | Bi2Fe3+(Fe3+,Co)(AsO4)2(O,OH)4 |
| 8.BK.10 | Cobaltneustädtelite | Bi2Fe3+(Co,Fe3+)(AsO4)2(O,OH)4 |
| 8.BK.10 | Medenbachite | Bi2Fe3+Cu2+(AsO4)2O(OH)3 |
| 8.BK.15 | Curetonite | Ba(Al,Ti)(PO4)(OH,O)F |
| 8.BK.25 | Jamesite | Pb2Zn(Fe2+,Zn)2Fe3+4(AsO4)4(OH)10 |
| 8.BK.25 | Lulzacite | Sr2Fe2+(Fe2+,Mg)2Al4(PO4)4(OH)10 |
| 8.BK.25 | Désorite | Pb2(Fe3+6Zn)O2(PO4)4(OH)8 |
| 8.BK.30 | Nishanbaevite | KAl2O(AsO4)(SO4) |
| 8.BK.35 | Zircarsite | Na18Cu12ZrO8(AsO4)8Cl6 |
| 8.BK.35 | Arsmirandite | Na18Cu12Fe3+O8(AsO4)8Cl5 |
| 8.BK.35 | Lebedevite | K4Na14Cu14O8(AsO4)8Cl6 |
| 8.BK.35 | Lehmannite | Na18Cu12TiO8(AsO4)8FCl5 |
Other Information
Notes:
Unaffected by cold 1:1 HNO3 but it slowly and completely dissolves when warmed. In 1:1 HCl it reacts quickly to form PbCl2. It quickly dissolves in hot 40% KOH but is unaffected when cold.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Heyite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1894.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Heyite
Reference List:
Williams, Sidney A. (1973) Heyite, Pb5Fe2(VO4)2O4 , a New Mineral from Nevada. Mineralogical Magazine, 39 (301) 65-68 doi:10.1180/minmag.1973.039.301.09
Symes, R. F., Williams, S. A. (1973) Heyite and brackebuschite compared. Mineralogical Magazine, 39 (301) 69-73 doi:10.1180/minmag.1973.039.301.10
Localities for Heyite
Showing 11 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Taucher et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) | |
| Weiß (1990) | |
| Weiß (1990) |
Russia | |
| V.V. Seredin data |
Spain | |
| Rewitzer et al. (2018) |
USA | |
| Newmont Mining Corporation |
| Jensen et al. (1995) |
| Dr. William S. Wise presentation to ... +1 other reference |
| Williams (1973) +1 other reference |
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Point 8.0, Borstein, Reichenbach, Lautertal, Bergstraße, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany