Duttonite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Duttonite
Clarence Edward Dutton
Formula:
V4+O(OH)2
Colour:
Pale brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
3.24 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Clarence Edward Dutton (15 May 1841, Wallingford, Connecticut, USA – 4 January 1912, Englewood, New Jersey, USA), geologist and US Army officer, for his work on the Colorado Plateau region. As a member of the U.S. Geological Survey (1879-1891), he was one of the first to study the area. Dutton also developed and named the concept of isostasy – that the behavior of the Earth's surface is controlled, in part, by its regional density. He also made contributions to the development of seismology.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Duttonite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1335
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1335:8
Similar Names
| Huttonite | A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered | ThSiO4 |
IMA Classification of Duttonite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1956
Classification of Duttonite
4.HE.35
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
H : V[5,6] Vanadates
E : Phyllovanadates
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
H : V[5,6] Vanadates
E : Phyllovanadates
6.2.7.1
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
2 : X(OH)2
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
2 : X(OH)2
7.12.5
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Dtn | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Duttonite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Pale brown
Comment:
Becomes greenish on alteration.
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
Good to perfect on {001}
Good to perfect on {001}
Density:
3.24 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Duttonite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.810(3) nβ = 1.900(3) nγ = 2.01
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.200
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v moderate
Optical Extinction:
X = a; Y = c; Z = b.
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X= pale pinkish brown
Y= pale yellow-brown
Z= pale brown
Y= pale yellow-brown
Z= pale brown
Chemistry of Duttonite
Mindat Formula:
V4+O(OH)2
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Duttonite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.80(2) Å, b = 3.95(1) Å, c = 5.96(2) Å
β = 90.67(5)°
β = 90.67(5)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.228 : 1 : 1.509
Unit Cell V:
207.16 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crusts and masses of six sided pseudo-orthorhombic crystals. Forms include {001}, {100}, and {110}.
Comment:
Space Group: I2/c.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009204 | Duttonite | Evans H T, Mrose M E (1958) The crystal structures of three new vanadium oxide minerals Acta Crystallographica 11 56-58 |  | 1958 | Peanut mine, Montrose County, Colorado, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.40 Å | (100) |
| 3.61 Å | (85) |
| 1.838 Å | (21) |
| 2.480 Å | (15) |
| 2.454 Å | (15) |
| 1.974 Å | (14) |
| 3.29 Å | (13) |
Comments:
XRD Peanut Mine, Colorado, USA. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] |
Geological Setting:
Secondary mineral foemed by low temperature hydrothermal alteration of vanadium minerals.
Type Occurrence of Duttonite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Randomly oriented six-sided platy crystals, ranging in size from minute up to 0.5 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard Mineralogical Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, number 134144 (type).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Vanadium-uranium deposits in sandstone.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Duttonite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Bariandite | Al0.6(V5+,V4+)8O20 · 9H2O |
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Pascoite | Ca2Ca(V10O28) · 17H2O |
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Montroseite | (V3+,Fe3+)O(OH) |
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Chervetite | Pb2(V2O7) |
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Francevillite | Ba(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 5H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.HE.05 | Melanovanadite | Ca(V5+,V4+)4O10 · 5H2O |
| 4.HE.10 | Shcherbinaite | V5+2O5 |
| 4.HE.15 | Hewettite | CaV6O16 · 9H2O |
| 4.HE.15 | Metahewettite | CaV6O16 · 3H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Bariandite | Al0.6(V5+,V4+)8O20 · 9H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Corvusite | (Na,K,Ca,Mg)2(V5+,V4+,Fe2+)8O20 · 6-10H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Bokite | (Al,Fe)1.3(V5+,V4+,Fe3+)8O20 · 7.5H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Fernandinite | (Ca,K)(V5+,V4+,Fe2+)8O20 · 10H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Straczekite | (Ca,K,Ba)(V5+,V4+)8O20 · 3H2O |
| 4.HE.25 | Häggite | V3+V4+O2(OH)3 |
| 4.HE.30 | Doloresite | V4+3O4(OH)4 |
| 4.HE.40 | Cavoite | CaV4+3O7 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Duttonite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1335.html
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References for Duttonite
Reference List:
THOMPSON, M. E., ROACH, C. H., MEYROWITZ, R. (1956) Duttonite, New Vanadium Mineral from Peanut Mine, Montrose County, Colorado. Science, 123 (3205). 990 doi:10.1126/science.123.3205.990
THOMPSON, M. E., ROACH, C. H., MEYROWITZ, R. (1956) Duttonite, New Vanadium Mineral from Peanut Mine, Montrose County, Colorado. Science, 123 (3205). 990 doi:10.1126/science.123.3205.990
Thompson, M. E., Roach, Carl H., Meyrowitz, Robert (1957) Duttonite, a new quadrivalent vanadium oxide from the Peanut Mine, Montrose County, Colorado. American Mineralogist, 42 (7-8) 455-460
Evans, H. T., Mrose, M. E. (1958) The crystal structures of three new vanadium oxide minerals. Acta Crystallographica, 11 (1) 56-58 doi:10.1107/s0365110x58000141
Schwarzmann, E. (1970) Notizen: Synthese von Duttonit VO(OH)2. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 25. 1485-1486 doi:10.1515/znb-1970-1239
Schwarzmann, E.; Bak, R.; Birkenberg, R. (1972) Notizen: Hydrothermale Synthese von VO(OH)2 / Hydrothermal Synthesis of VO(OH)2. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B, 27 (8). 1003-1004 doi:10.1515/znb-1972-0831
Localities for Duttonite
Showing 12 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| de Brodtkorb (1982) |
Gabon | |
| Cesbron et al. (1970) +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| analysed by Dr. Anthony Kampf |
| Marco Bonifazi |
USA | |
| Chenoweth (1994) |
| R&M 70:3 pp 154-170 |
| Howard +2 other references | |
| THOMPSON et al. (1956) +3 other references |
| Am Min (1958) +1 other reference |
| NMBGMR Open-file Report - 466. +1 other reference |
| Bos Orent (2021) |
Quick NavTopAbout DuttoniteUnique IdentifiersSimilar NamesIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Molinello Mine, Ne, Genoa, Liguria, Italy