The São Domingos Mine is located approximately 17 km northeast of Mértola, in the heart of the Iberian Pyrite Belt. It takes its name from the village in which it is situated.

Mining in the São Domingos area is known to have begun before the Roman colonisation of the Iberian Peninsula, which took place around 218 BC.

Its remarkable industrial archaeology makes this mine one of the most photogenic places in Portugal.