ืคื ื—ืก ื—ื•ืจื’ื™ืŸ (1894โ€“1957)

<ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”>

Pinkhos Churgin

    ืคื ื—ืก ื—ื•ืจื’ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืคื•ื”ื•ืกื˜ ืœื™ื“ ืคื™ื ืกืง (ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืœืืจื•ืก) ื‘ื›"ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืจื "ื”, 25 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1894. ื›ืฉืขืœื• ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ืืจืฆื” ื‘-1905, ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืจื•ืกื™ื” ื•ืœืžื“ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื•ื•ืœื•ื–'ื™ืŸ. ืขืœื” ืืจืฆื” ื•ืžืฉื ื™ืฆื ื‘-1915 ืœืืจืฆื•ืช-ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ืกื™ื™ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื™ื™ืœ (1922). ืขืกืง ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื” (ืžืชืจืค"ื), ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืœืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ืืœื—ื ืŸ (ืœืื—ืจ-ืžื›ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœื•) ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืœืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”. ื”ื™ื” ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืชื ื•ืขืช "ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™" ืฉื (ื ืฉื™ืื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 1950โ€“1952). ื”ืงื™ื ืืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื ืฉื™ืื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉื ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืชืงืข ื‘ืืจืฅ (1955). ืงื™ื™ื ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื• ื–ื• ืขื“ ืžื•ืชื•.
    ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืชื• ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘"ื”ื“ ื”ื–ืžืŸ" (ืชืจืข"ื’, ื‘ื—ืชื™ืžื”: ืค.ื—.) ื•ืžืื– ื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืืกืคื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช-ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื™ื•ื ื•"ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™" ื•ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืกืคืจื•ืชื•. ืกืคืจื™ื•: ืชืจื’ื•ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื (ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง, ืชืฉ"ื”), ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ (ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง, 1949), ืขืจืš ืืช ื›ืชื‘-ื”ืขืช ืœืžื“ืขื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”-ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”: ื—ื•ืจื‘ (ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง, ืชืจืฆ"ื“ ื•ืื™ืœืš) ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจื›ื™ ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืœืชื ื•ืขืช "ืžื–ืจื—ื™" ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช-ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ื‘ืžืœืืช ื›"ื” ืฉื ื” ืœืงื™ื•ืžื” (ืขื ื.ืœ. ื’ืœืžืŸ, ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ. ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง, ืชืจืฆ"ื•). ืคื™ืจืกื ืกืคืจื™ื, ืžืืžืจื™ื ื•ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ.
    ืคื ื—ืก ื—ื•ืจื’ื™ืŸ ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื‘ื”' ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ืชืฉื™"ื—, 28 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1957 ื•ื ื˜ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
    [ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช: ืงืจืกืœ ื 775, ืชื“ื”ืจ, ืœืขืงืกื™ืงืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ืขืจ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ, Yiddish Leksikon, ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”, Encyclopaedia Judaica]
    [ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ืืชืจ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ]

ืกืคืจื™ื•:
  • Targum Jonathan to the Prophets (New Haven : Yale University Press, 1927)
  • ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืกื•ืจื™ ืœื—ืžืฉ ืžื’ื™ืœื•ืช (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื : ื“ืคื•ืก ืกืœื•ืžื•ืŸ, 1936)
  • ืชืจื’ื•ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื (ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง : ื—ื•ืจื‘, ืชืฉ"ื” 1945)
  • ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ (ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง : ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื—ื•ืจื‘, ืชืฉ"ื™ 1949)
  • ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืจืฉืช :  ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื• ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ืžืฉื ืชื• (ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ : ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ, ืชืฉืž"ื— 1987) <ื‘ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืจืคืืœ ื™ื ืงืœื‘ื™ืฅ>
ืขืจื™ื›ื”:
  • ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข (ื ื™ื• ื™ืึธืจืง : ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, 1926โ€“1928)
  • ื—ื•ืจื‘ : ืžืืกืฃ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืกืคืจื•ืชื• (ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง : ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืืœื—ื ืŸ, ืชืจืฆ"ื“-ืชืฉ"ืš)
  • ืžื–ืจื—ื™ : ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืœืžืœืืช ื›ืดื” ืฉื ื” ืœืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” (ืชืจืขืดืึพืชืจืฆืดื•) (ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง : ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืชืจืฆ"ื• 1936)
ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•:
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:

ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”: 19 ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2020

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ

 

 

ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ

 

ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•

 

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื

 

 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ