ืกืžื“ืจ ืฉืจืช (1957)

<ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”>

Smadar Sharett

ืกืžื“ืจ ืฉืจืช ื ื•ืœื“ื” ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื ื•ื•ื”-ื™ื ื•ื’ื“ืœื” ื‘ืืฉื“ื•ื“. ืฉื ืœืžื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ "ื’ืื•ืœื™ื" ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื' ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช. ื”ื™ืชื” ืคืขื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื ื•ืขืช "ื”ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื" ื›ื—ื ื™ื›ื” ื•ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื” ืฆืขื™ืจื”. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ (1975ึพ1977) ื™ืฆืื” ืœื’ืจืขื™ืŸ ื ื—"ืœ ืœืงื‘ื•ืฅ ืžืฉื’ื‘-ืขื ืฉื ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ืœ"ืชื ื™ืงื™ืช, ืงื•ืžื•ื ืจื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืจืฆืœื™ื”. ืฉืจืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช (1979ึพ1981) ื‘ืคืงื•ืœื˜ื” ืœืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืจื•ื— (ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ). ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 1985ึพ1987 ืœืžื“ื” ืœืชื•ืืจ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ืคืงื•ืœื˜ื” ืœืื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื’ ืœืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ, ื”ืžื’ืžื” ืœืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืื•ืœื ืœื ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 1985ึพ1987 ืœืžื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื ื•ืšื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ. ื‘-2004 ื”ืฉืชืชืคื” ื‘ืงื•ืจืก ืœื”ื›ืฉืจืช ืžื ื—ื™ื ืœืกื“ื ืื•ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืžืชื"ืŸ (ืžืคืขืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืืžื ื•ืช ืœื ื•ืขืจ) ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืžืชื "ืกื™ื.
ืฉื™ืจื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘"ืขืชื•ืŸ 77" ื‘ืžืืจืก-ืืคืจื™ืœ 1988. ืžืื– ืคืจืกืžื” ื’ื ื‘"ืžืฉื" ืฉืœ "ื“ื‘ืจ", ื‘ืžื•ืกืฃ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ืฉืœ "ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช". ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉื™ืจื™ื, ืกืžื“ืจ ืฉืจืช ืคืจืกืžื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงืฆืจ ("ืชืจื“") ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ืขืจ ("ืคื™ื’ืืจื• ืœื• ืคื™ื’ืืจื• ืœื”", "ื”ืงื•ืจืžื•ืจืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ", "ืคื’ื™ืฉืช ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ"). ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 1986ึพ1992 ื’ื ืขืกืงื” ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืจืกืžื” ื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ื‘"ืืคื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ", "ื”ืืจืฅ", "ื‘ืžื—ื ื”", "ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืฉื”" ื•"ื™ืจื—ื•ืŸ ื ืขืžืช". ืกืžื“ืจ ืฉืจืช ื’ื ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช (ื”ืงืžืช ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ ืกืคืจื™ื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ ืข"ืฉ ืคื™ืจืกื˜ ื‘ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืขื ืจื™ื ื” ืกื•ืคืจ, ืžื ื”ืœืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช; ื”ื ื—ืชื” ืกื“ื ืื•ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืžื˜ืขื ืžื™ืœ"ื‘- ืžืจื›ื– ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš (1987ึพ1988); ืžื˜ืขื ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื•ืŸ, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขืฉืจื” ืœืžื—ื•ื ื ื™ื (1993ึพ2004); ื•ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ื—ืชื” ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืžืคื’ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ืขืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ืžื˜ืขื ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช (1994ึพ1996). ืฉืจืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื•ืขื“ืช ืจืคืจื˜ื•ืืจ, ืžื“ื•ืจ ืชื™ืื˜ืจื•ืŸ, ืืžื ื•ืช ืœืขื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš (1989ึพ1993); ื”ื ื—ืชื” ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ "ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื•ืœื“" ื‘ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื“' ื‘ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ืžื˜ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš (2008) ื•ืกื“ื ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ืืงื™"ื ื‘ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ืžื˜ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช "ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช" ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ืช (2008ึพ2009). ืกืคืจื” "ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืžื–ื™ืข" ื–ื™ื›ื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืคืจืก ืจื—ืœ ืœืฉื ืช 1992 ื•ืกืคืจื” "ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืจื—" ื–ื™ื›ื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืคืจืก ืžืงืจืŸ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืข"ืฉ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื‘-2004. ืžืฉื™ืจื™ื” ืชื•ืจื’ืžื• ืœืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช ื•ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืคืจื™ ืขื˜ื” ื”ื•ืœื—ื ื•. ืกืžื“ืจ ืฉืจืช ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจืช (ืžืื– 1995) ื‘ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื ื—ื” ืกื“ื ืื•ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”.

ืกืคืจื™ื”:

  • ืื•ืจ ืขืœ-ืคื ื™ ืชื”ื•ื : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืœืŸ, ืชืฉื "ื 1991)
  • ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืžื–ื™ืข : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืœืŸ, ืชืฉื "ื‘ 1992) <"ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ืจื—ืœ ืœืฉื ืช 1992">
  • ืฉืžื—ืช ื”ืงื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืชื’, ืชืฉื "ื• 1996) <ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื™ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืœืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื "ื˜ 1999>
  • ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืจื— : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ื™' ื’ื•ืœืŸ, ืชืฉืก"ื’ 2003)
  • ืื ื˜ื•ืžื™ื” ืฉืœ ืœื‘ ืฉืœื : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ 77, 2008)
  • ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืคื” ืžืขืงื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขืคื” : ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ : ืกืคืจื™ ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ 77, ืชืฉืข"ื• 2016)
ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื”:

ืขืœ "ืฉืžื—ืช ื”ืงื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ"
ืขืœ "ืื ื˜ื•ืžื™ื” ืฉืœ ืœื‘ ืฉืœื" ืขืœ '"ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืคื” ืžืขืงื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขืคื”"
ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื:


ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”:11 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2019

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ

 

 

ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจืช

 

ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื”

 

ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื

 

 

ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื“ืฃ