ืœื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ

ืžืฉื” ืžืืจื’ืืจืขื˜ืŸ

ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืฐื™ืงื™ืคึผืขื“ื™ืข
ืžืืจื’ืขืจืขื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข ื”ื•ื™ื– ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžืกื™ื‘ื”, ืžื™ื˜ ืคืจืขื–ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ ื“ืื ืืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค

ืžืฉื” ืฉืœืžื” ืžืึทืจื’ืึทืจืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืขืกืงืŸ, ืืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคืืจ ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื•ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ ืืœืก ืคื™ืจืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืคืืจืงื™ืจืฆืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ืจืžืข ืคืืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข ืงืึธืœื ืขืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช (ื˜ื•ืจืžืข ืจืขืคืืจื ืคื™ืจืกื˜ ืกื˜ืขืค ืืงื˜ (ืขื ')), ืื•ืŸ ืืœืก ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืจื ื“ืข ืืงื˜ื™ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ืคืืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืืคืจื™ื™ืื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ื’ืขืคืื ื’ืขื ืข ืฉืœื•ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ืืฉืงื™ืŸ, ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืกืืžืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก.

ืžืฉื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ 1981 ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืกืงื•ื•ื™ืจื ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืงื•ื•ืขืจืข ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 14 ื™ืึธืจ ืื™ื– ื–ืฒืŸ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืฆืฒื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืฉืขืจื ืึธื‘ื™ืœืขืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 2001 ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืžื’ืขืงืขืจื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข. ืคืจื™ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขืจืขืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืจื ืคืืจืง.

ืžืืจื’ืืจืขื˜ืŸ, ื ืกืงื•ื•ื™ืจื ื—ืกื™ื“, ืื™ื– ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืื•ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ืืžืกื‘ื•ืจื’.

ืื™ืŸ 2021 ืื™ื– ืžืึทืจื’ืึทืจืขื˜ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืข 'ืฆื“ืง' ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืฆื• ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืคื’ืึทื ืข ื‘ื™ืจื’ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคืŸ ื“ื™ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืงืจืขืคื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืืคื’ืื ื™ืกื˜ืืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ ื ืืš ื“ื™ ืคืืจืื™ื™ื ื™ื’ื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืื˜ืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืืจื˜.โ€[1]โ€[2]

ืžืึทืจื’ืึทืจืขื˜ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื ื“ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืข 'ืฆื“ืง' ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื‘ืืฉืขืคื˜ื™ื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื•ื™ื™ื (ืื•ื™ืกืœื™ื™ื–ืŸ ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืŸ). ื“ื™ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืข ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืื™ื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคืืจื˜ืฉืขืคืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื˜ืืจื™ื˜ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืจืื™ื™ื ื™ื’ื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืก ื–ื™ืฆืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืจืžืข. ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืึทืจื’ืึทืจืขื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ืึทืฆื™ืขืก ื‘ืึทื”ืึทื ื“ืœื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืคืจื™ื™ืื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ืืฉืงื™ืŸ, ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืกืึทืžืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก.