Communication

Communication is maistly taen tae mean the passin on o information. A message gaes frae a sender tae a receiver throu some medium, sic as soond, written signs, the muivments o the body, or electricity. The sender an receiver is aften twa fowk, but a body can communicate wi themsel an aw, an groups lik organisations or nations can communicate wi ilk ither. The wird comes frae the Latin communicare, "tae share" or "tae mak common".

The wird communication is uised for the message itsel an aw, an for the field o study that leuks intae it. Models o communication is simplified pictures o its main pairts an hou they wark thegither, an researchers uise them tae set oot an test thair ideas.

Models

The first models, set oot in the mids o the 20t century, aw shaws communication as a line frae sender tae receiver. Lasswell's model is based on five questions: "Who?", "Says what?", "In which channel?", "To whom?" an "With what effect?". The Shannon–Weaver model, anither weel-kent model o the same kind, sees communication as information passed on throu the warkin thegither o several pairts: a source, a message, an encoder, a channel, a decoder an a receiver. For a phone caw, the body that's cawin is the source an thair phone the transmitter; the wire is the channel, an the body that taks the caw an thair phone is the destination an the receiver.

Verbal an non-verbal communication

Verbal communication is the swappin o messages throu leid. In everyday speech it whiles means juist the spoken wird, but in academic wark it covers onie kind o leid, spoken, written or signed.

Non-verbal communication passes on information withoot leid, throu the face, gestures an the wey a body hauds themsel. It aften cairies information aboot feelins, attitudes, personality an relationships. A body can also communicate wi themsel: this is cried intrapersonal communication, an daydreamin is ae form o it.

Communication amang beasts

Animal communication is the giein an takkin o information amang beasts, an the field that studies it is cried zoosemiotics. Thare's monie parallels wi human communication: fowk an monie beasts shaw sympathy bi muivin an staundin in step wi ilk ither. But thare's big differences tae, abuin aw that fowk uises leid, while beasts' communication is aw non-verbal.

References

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