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Allergique

Kubijyanye na Wikipedia
  • allergique
    Allergie, izwi kandi nka indwara z'ubwivumbure, ni indwara nyinshi ziterwa no kuba ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bushobora kwanduza ibintu bisanzwe bitangiza ibidukikije.[1] Izi ndwara zirimo indwara y’ibyatsi, ubwivumbure bw’ibiryo, dermatitis itera indwara ya atopic, asima ifite allergie, na anaphylaxis . Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo amaso atukura, uduheri twinshi, kwitsamura, izuru riva, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa kubyimba. Kutaryoherwa n'ibiryo no kurwara uburozi ni ibintu bitandukanye.[2]

Ibintu bikunze gutera ubwivumbure birimo impongo n'ibiribwa bimwe na bimwe.[1] Ibyuma n'ibindi bintu nabyo bishobora guteza ibibazo.[1] Ibiryo, kurumwa n'udukoko, n'imiti ni byo bintu bikunze gutera ingaruka zikomeye.[3] Iterambere ryabyo riterwa n'ibintu bigize imiterere y'umubiri ndetse n'ibidukikije.[3] Uburyo bw’ibanze bugizwe n’uturemangingo twa immunoglobulin E (IgE), igice cy’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, buhuza n’ikintu kitera ubwivumbure hanyuma bugahuza n’agace kabugenewe kari ku turemangingo twa mast cyangwa basophil aho gatuma habaho irekurwa ry’ibinyabutabire bitera ububyimbirwe nka histamine . Gusuzuma indwara akenshi bishingiye ku mateka y'ubuzima bw'umuntu. Gusuzuma uruhu cyangwa amaraso bishobora kuba ingirakamaro mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.[4] Icyakora, ibizamini byagaragaje ko ari byiza bishobora kutagaragaza ko hari ubwivumbure bukomeye kuri iyi ngano.[5]

Guhura n'ibintu bishobora gutera ubwivumbure hakiri kare bishobora kuba inzitizi.[6] Uburyo bwo kuvura allergie burimo kwirinda ibintu bizwiho gutera allergie no gukoresha imiti nka steroide na antihistamines.[7] Imiti ivura indwara zo mu mutwe (antihistamines) ikunzwe cyane ni imiti idatuma umuntu aruhuka nka loratidine.[8] Mu gihe cy’ingaruka zikomeye, adrenaline (epinephrine) iterwa mu nganda irasabwa. Kuvura indwara ziterwa n'ubwivumbure bw'umubiri (allergen immunotherapy) , ishyira abantu mu kaga gakomeye kandi gakomeye ku bintu bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara ziterwa n’ubwivumbure, ni ingirakamaro ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw’ubwivumbure nk’ibicurane by’ibyatsi ndetse n’ingaruka zo kurumwa n’udukoko.[7] Ikoreshwa ryayo mu ndwara ziterwa n'ibiribwa ntirirasobanutse neza.

Allergie ni ikintu gisanzwe. Mu bihugu byateye imbere, abantu bagera kuri 20% bibasirwa na rhinitis y’ubwivumbure,[9] abantu bagera kuri 6% bafite nibura ubwivumbure bumwe mu biribwa,[6] naho abagera kuri 20% bafite dermatitis y’ibicurane mu gihe runaka.[10] Bitewe n'igihugu, abantu bagera kuri 1–18% barwaye asima. Anaphylaxis ibaho hagati ya 0.05–2% by'abantu.[11] Igipimo cy'indwara nyinshi ziterwa n'ubwivumbure gisa n'aho kirimo kwiyongera.[12] Ijambo "allergie" ryakoreshejwe bwa mbere na Clemens von Pirquet mu 1906.[3]

  1. 1 2 3 McConnell, Thomas H. (2007). The Nature of Disease: Pathology for the Health Professions. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-7817-5317-3. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  2. ↑ Bahna SL (December 2002). "Cow's milk allergy versus cow milk intolerance". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 89 (6 Suppl 1): 56–60. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62124-2. PMID 12487206.
  3. 1 2 3 Kay AB (2000). "Overview of 'allergy and allergic diseases: with a view to the future'". British Medical Bulletin. 56 (4): 843–64. doi:10.1258/0007142001903481. PMID 11359624.
  4. ↑ National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (July 2012). "Food Allergy An Overview" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Archived 5 werurwe 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ↑ Cox L, Williams B, Sicherer S, Oppenheimer J, Sher L, Hamilton R, Golden D (December 2008). "Pearls and pitfalls of allergy diagnostic testing: report from the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology/American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Specific IgE Test Task Force". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 101 (6): 580–92. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60220-7. PMID 19119701.
  6. 1 2 Sicherer SH, Sampson HA (February 2014). "Food allergy: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 133 (2): 291–307, quiz 308. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.020. PMID 24388012.
  7. 1 2 "Allergen Immunotherapy". 22 April 2015. Archived from the original on 17 June 2015. Retrieved 15 June 2015. Archived 17 Kamena 2015 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ↑ Randall, Katrina L.; Hawkins, Carolyn A. (April 2018). [29670310 "Antihistamines and allergy"]. Australian Prescriber. pp. 41–45. doi:10.18773/austprescr.2018.013. Retrieved 22 November 2021. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  9. ↑ Wheatley LM, Togias A (January 2015). "Clinical practice. Allergic rhinitis". The New England Journal of Medicine. 372 (5): 456–63. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1412282. PMC 4324099. PMID 25629743.
  10. ↑ Thomsen SF (2014). "Atopic dermatitis: natural history, diagnosis, and treatment". ISRN Allergy. 2014: 354250. doi:10.1155/2014/354250. PMC 4004110. PMID 25006501.
  11. ↑ Leslie C. Grammer (2012). Patterson's Allergic Diseases (7 ed.). ISBN 978-1-4511-4863-3. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  12. ↑ Anandan C, Nurmatov U, van Schayck OC, Sheikh A (February 2010). "Is the prevalence of asthma declining? Systematic review of epidemiological studies". Allergy. 65 (2): 152–67. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02244.x. PMID 19912154.
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