çŸä»£ã¢ãŒãã³ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒå±±ç°è£ããâ
çŸä»£ã¢ãŒããåéããŠããå±±ç°è£ããã¯ããå°èª¬ã®ç¥æ§ããšåŒã°ããå¿è³çŽåã®ãå«ããã§ããããŸãããæ¬äººã¯ãçŸä»£ã¢ãŒãã³ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒãšåä¹ãã®ã¯ããããŸããã§ããæ®éã®ãµã©ãªãŒãã³ãæã®å±ãç¯å²ã§å¿æ¹ãããã¢ãŒããæã«å ¥ããŠããçšåºŠãªã®ã§ããâŠããšè¬éãããŠããŸãããäŒæ¥ãéè·åŸãå¿è³ã«ã€ããŠã®çºä¿¡ãããªããã奜ããªäœåãæ¢ãæ¥ã ã ãããç§ã¯å¿è³ãããã®å°ã§ããåèçæå«ååžåšäœã§ãããå±±ç°ããã«å¿è³ã«ã€ããŠã®åæãããã®ããã£ããã§ãã³ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒãšããŠã®å±±ç°ããã«ãèå³ãæã¡ãŸããã
ãã®ãã¬ãžã³ã§ã¯å±±ç°ããã®ã³ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒç掻ãã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³äœåãå¿è³çŽåãšã®æãåºè©±ãªã©ã«ã€ããŠã玹ä»ããŠãããããšæã£ãŠããŸãã
第äžåç®ã¯ãå±±ç°ãããçŸä»£ã¢ãŒãã³ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒãšãªã£ãèæ¯ã«ã€ããŠããã®çãç«ã¡ãå¿è³ã®åœ±é¿ãªã©ã䌺ããªããçŽè§£ãããŠãããŸãã
ããã
ã»ç¥ç¶ã®å®¶ã§ã¯ååããããããªãã£ãããã€ããä»ã¯å€§äººè²·ã
ã»ãããã¡ããŸã®åã«ãããŠïŒãé»è»ã«ã¯ããããäžæã远äœéš
ã»ãããã¢ãŒãïŒäžæè°ãšãã³ãšæ¥ãã€ããã±ã³ãžããã®ããã©ããã
ã»å¶ç¶æã«å ¥ããã¢ãŒãã¯ãç¥ç¶ãæããäœåã®ã¬ããªã«ã ã£ã
ç¥ç¶ã®å®¶ã§ã¯ååããããããªãã£ãããã€ããä»ã¯å€§äººè²·ã

ããããŸãã¯å¿è³çŽåã®ãå«ãããšããŠã®å±±ç°ããã«ã€ããŠããããããŸããå±±ç°ããã¯å¿è³ã®äºå¥³ã»ç°é¶Žåãããšããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°äŒç€Ÿã®ç€Ÿé·ãåããå±±ç°äŒžéããã®éã«çãŸããé·ç·ã§ã効ããããããããã§ããã
å±±ç°ããããç¥ç¶ã®ããšã¯ããããã¡ããŸããšåŒãã§ããŸããããããã¡ããŸã¯åã倧åŠïŒå¹Žã®é ãŸã§ååœã§ããã
ããããããã¡ããŸïŒããªã¢ã«ã§ãã®åèªã䜿ã£ãŠãã人ã«åããŠäŒããŸããïŒç¬ïŒããããã¡ããŸãšã¯äžç·ã«æ®ãããŠããã®ã§ããïŒ
å±±ç°ããããåœæç§ãã¡å®¶æã¯è»çªªã«äœãã§ããŠããããã¡ããŸã¯æžè°·åºã®åžžç£æŸïŒçŸåšã®æžè°·åºæ±äžäžç®ãæžè°·é§ ã®è¿ãïŒã«äœãã§ãããã§ããæ¥ããããã®ã§ããããå ã¯ãç¥ç¶ããšèšãæããŸããïŒç¬ïŒãç¶ã¯æµ·å€åºåŒµãå€ããæ¯ãä»ãæ·»ã£ãŠè¡ãããšãããããã効ãšåã幌å°ã®é ãç¥ç¶ã®ãšããã«1ã«æçšåºŠé ããããããšããããŸãããç§ã¯åè°·ã®åŠç¿é¢åçç§ã«éã£ãŠããã®ã§ãå®¶ãããåžžç£æŸã®ã»ããè¿ããŠéããããã£ãã§ãã
ãããæç« ã®æžãæ¹ã«ã€ããŠæãããããªããšã¯ãã£ããã§ããïŒ
å±±ç°ãå°èª¬ã®æå°ãåãããããªããšã¯ãšãã«ãªãã£ãã§ããããæ®éã®ãããã¡ãããšããŠããããã£ãŠãããŸããã
æžè°·é§ åã®ãçŸåšã¯ãã«ãªãšãããå Žæã«ãã³ããªã³ãšããæ ç»é€šããã£ãŠãåžžç€æŸã®å®¶ãããããè¿ãã ã£ãã®ã§ãæ ç»å¥œãã®ç¥ç¶ã¯ããæ ç»ã«ãé£ããŠè¡ã£ãŠãããŸããã
ç¥ç¶ã¯åœæã®äººã«ããŠã¯èãé«ããå€åºã®æã¯ãã€ããã¡ããšããæè£ ã§ãçœãã¹ãŒãã«ã¹ããããæã£ãŠããŠãã£ãããã£ãã§ããå®¶ã®äžã«ããæãã ãããªãæ Œå¥œã¯ããã身ãªãã«æ°ã䜿ã£ãŠããŸããã

ç¥æ¯ã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ããã€ãã康åïŒãã ãïŒã康åããšäœãã«ã€ããŠãååãåŒãã§çšäºãé Œãã§ããŸãããç¥æ¯ãããªããšäœãã§ããªãã£ããã§ãããå°ããã£ãã¡ãªãšããããã£ããããããŸããã
ç¥ç¶ã®å®¶ã«éã³ã«è¡ããšæ¥œãã¿ã ã£ãã®ã颚æå ã®ãŽãŒãã«ããããã³ã®å¥¥ã®ãã³ããªãŒã«å ¥ã£ãŠããã®ããç¥æ¯ãããããã§ããã倧ããã®ãäžžããšé£ã¹ããã®ã«ãå°åŠçã ãããšãã€ã効ãšååãã€å²ã£ãŠããããããªããŠãã ããä»ã¯èªåã§è²·ã£ãŠãäžžããšé£ã¹ãŠããã§ãïŒç¬ïŒã


ãããã¡ããŸã®åã«ãããŠïŒãé»è»ã«ã¯ããããäžæã远äœéš
ãããå±±ç°ããã¯æå«åã®çœæšºæåŠé€šã«å¿è³ã®éºåãå¯èŽããããå¥è¯ãæå«åãšãã£ãå¿è³ãããã®å°ã§è¬æŒãããããããŠããŸãããªãå¿è³çŽåã«ã€ããŠã®çºä¿¡ããããŠããã®ã§ããã
å±±ç°ãç¥ç¶ã®éºèšã«ãåãæ®ãäºã¯æãŸããäœåãå€ãã®äººã«æ£ããæ¥ããäºãäžçªæãŸãããèšå¿µç¢ã®é¡ã¯äžåæã¯ãäºãåã¯æ®ãèŠãªããäœåã®å°ããªæçã§ãåŸäººã®éã«æ®ã£ãŠãããã°å¬ããããšãããã®ããããŸããã
åã¯ãããèªãã§ãå€ãã®äººã«å¿è³ã®äœåã«è§ŠããŠã»ããããšæãããã§ããä»ã¯æžåºã®æ¬æ£ããããå¿è³çŽåããšããã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã¯æ¶ãã€ã€ãããŸããå¿è³çŽåãšããäœå®¶ã«ã€ããŠãããããŠåºãç¥ã£ãŠãããå¿ èŠããããšæã£ãŠãç¥ç¶ã«ã€ããŠã®çºä¿¡ãç¶ããŠãããã§ãã

ããããå«ããã ããããã§ããçºä¿¡ãããããšã
å±±ç°ãããã§ãããäœåèªäœã«ã€ããŠã®çºä¿¡ã¯ç ç©¶è ã®æ¹ãããã®ã§ãã¡ãã«ãä»»ãããŠãåã¯ç¥ç¶ãšã®ç§çãªæãåºãã身ã®åãã«ããéºåãªã©ãéããŠãå¿è³çŽåãšããäœå®¶ãç¥ã£ãŠãããæŽ»åãããŠããŸãã
äŸãã°å®å®¶ã«ã¯ãç¥ç¶ãæçšããŠããé¶èžå®¶ã»æ¿±ç°åºåžã®é£åšãããã€ããããŸããããããã¯äœåèªäœã«äŸ¡å€ããããŸãããå¿è³çŽåã䜿ã£ãŠãããšãªããšãããã«ç©èªãšæ°ããªäŸ¡å€ãçãŸããŸããããã§ããã®é£åšãå«ããå®¶ã«ãã£ããããã®åããçžããã£ãæå«ååžçœæšºæåŠé€šã«å¯èŽããŸããã

ãããå¿è³ã®è¶³è·¡ãèŸ¿ãæ ããããŠããŸããã
å±±ç°ãå šåœã®ãããã®å°ã蚪ããç¥ç¶ãéã£ããåºã«å ¥ã£ãããäœåã«åºãŠãã颚æ¯ãå®éã«èŸ¿ã£ããããŠããŸããç¥ç¶ã®ä»£è¡šäœãååŽã«ãŠãã®åé ã«ãå±±ã®æç·ã®é»è»ã«è·³é£ã°ãããŠæªæãããã ããšãããã ããããã®ã§ãããã©ããªé»è»ã ã£ãã®ããæ°ã«ãªã£ãŠãå®éã«ãã®è»äž¡ã調ã¹ãŠã倧宮ã®ééåç©é€šãŸã§è¡ã£ãŠãã»ãŒåããã®ãèŠããŠããã£ãããšããããŸããããã倧ããé»è»ã§ããããããªã®ã«ã¯ããããŠçããŠãããªïŒããšé©ããŸãããïŒç¬ïŒã
ãããé¢çœãïŒããããè¡ååã§ããïŒç¬ïŒãçœæšºæŽŸã¯ã颚æ¯ã人ã®çãæ§ãªã©ãå®éã«èŠãŠäœæããŠãèªåã®èšèãšããŠäœåã«èœãšã蟌ããå®æäž»çŸ©ããªã®ã ãšèããããšããããŸããå±±ç°ãããå®éã«äœæããããšã倧åã«ããŠããã®ããå¿è³ããããªã®ãããããŸãããã
ãããã¢ãŒãïŒãäžæè°ãšãã³ãšæ¥ãã€ããã±ã³ãžããã®ããã©ããã
ãããå±±ç°ããã¯çŸä»£ã¢ãŒãã³ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒã§ãããå¿è³çŽåãäœããã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãããããªåŸåã¯ãã£ããã§ããïŒ
å±±ç°ãç¥ç¶ã¯äœå®¶ã®å人ãå€ãã£ãã®ã§ãéããªããŠãæ®éã«å®¶ã«ã¢ãŒãããã£ãæãã§ããæ¿±ç°åºåžã®åšããããŒããŒããªãŒãã®å£ºãªã©ãæ®æ®µäœ¿ãããŠããŸãããããšã¯æ³å®æŠãæŠè å°è·¯å®ç¯€ãªã©ãšäžç·ã«è£œäœããŠããæ©é¢éèªãçœæšºãã§ãåœå å€ã®èžè¡äœåã«ã€ããŠç޹ä»ããŠããŸããããããŸã äžã«ç¥ãããŠããªãã¢ãŒãã玹ä»ãããããšããæ°æã¡ã¯ãã£ããšæããŸãã
ã¡ãªã¿ã«ãçœæšºãã§ã¯åœæããŸã æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ããŸãç¥ãããŠããªãã£ãããã³ãã»ã¶ã³ãããŽãããã«ãã¢ãŒã«ãªã©åŸæå°è±¡æŽŸã«ã€ããŠã玹ä»ããŠããŸããããã³ãšã®åºäŒãã¯ãç¥ç¶ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ããæã«å ¥ããçŸè¡éèªã§ããã®äœåãåããŠèŠãããšããã£ããã§ããããã®äœåã«çœæšºæŽŸã®é¢ã ãé åãæãã1910幎ã«ãªãŒã®ã¥ã¹ãã»ããã³ã®70æ³ã®èªçæ¥ã«ããããŠïœ¢ããã³ç¹éå·ïœ£ãçµãããšã«ãªã£ãããã§ãã
ãããä»ãæåãªããã³ãã»ã¶ã³ããªã©ã®å°è±¡æŽŸããæ¥æ¬ã«ç޹ä»ããã®ã¯çœæšºæŽŸã ã£ããã§ããïŒãå±±ç°ããã¯ãã€ããçŸä»£ã¢ãŒããåéãããŠãããã§ããïŒ
å±±ç°ãçŸä»£ã¢ãŒãã«ããã£ããã£ããã¯ãã€ããã±ã³ãžããã®ããããããã«åºäŒã£ãããšãªãã§ãã
æåã«èŠãæã¯æ£çŽããããã¢ãŒãïŒããã£ã®ã¥ã¢ãããïŒããšæããŸããïŒç¬ïŒãã§ããªãã ãé¢çœããªãŒãšããã³ãšãããã§ãããããã§è³Œå ¥ããŠã¿ããã§ãã
ãããã€ããããã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã®æŒ«ç»ãã¢ãã¡ãç¹æ®æ ç»ãªã©ããã€ã³ã¹ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãåãããã®ãšãã»ã³ã¹ããã¡æ©ãçŸä»£çŸè¡ã«åãå ¥ããã¢ãŒãã£ã¹ãããŠãŒã¢ã©ã¹ãªé 圢ã«ç€ŸäŒçã¡ãã»ãŒãžã蟌ããããäœå矀ãåãããä¹ã£ããè£ çã§ããæ©æ¢°åœ«å»ã巚倧圫å»ãå¶äœããããšã§ç¥ãããŠããæ¹ãªãã§ãããïŒåèïŒã€ããã±ã³ãžããã®ããŒã ããŒãžïŒ

å±±ç°ãéªç¥æ·¡è·¯å€§éçœãšå°äžéãµãªã³äºä»¶ããã£ããã«ãèªäœã®ã¢ãã ã¹ãŒãïŒæŸå°ç·æç¥æïŒãçãŠãã§ã«ããã€ãªã«è¡ã£ãããåãã¢ãã ã¹ãŒããçãŠã倧éªã«ãã倪éœã®å¡ã®ç®çã«è °æããã倪éœã®å¡ãä¹ã£åãèšç»ããšããããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ããããããŠããŠé¢çœã人ã§ãããããã¹ããŒãªãŒãå«ããŠããã¡ã³ã«ãªããŸããã
å¶ç¶æã«å ¥ããã¢ãŒãã¯ãç¥ç¶ãæããäœåã®ã¬ããªã«ã ã£ã
å±±ç°ãããããã°ãç¥ç¶ã奜ãã ã£ãäœåã®ã¬ããªã«ããããã ãšç¥ããã«å ¥æããŠããããšããããŸããããã¶ã€ã³éå£ã®groovisionsãç¬èªã®èŠç¹ã§éžãã 京éœã®ã»ã¬ã¯ãã·ã§ãããäžäžå±ãã«ãã£ããœããã®é»ãç¬ã§ããããã¯ããšããšãé«å±±å¯ºã®çå ããšåŒã°ããŠããéèŠæåè²¡ã®æšåœ«ãã®ä»ç¬ãã¬ããªã«ã«ãããã®ãªã®ã§ããããããããªãŒãšæã£ãŠè²·ã£ãŠãããããåŸã§ç¥ç¶ã«é¢ããæ¬ã«ãå¿è³çŽåã¯ãã®æšåœ«ãã®ç¬ããæã æ«ã§æŠããããããªæ°æã®ãã圫å»ããšèšããŠããããšç޹ä»ãããŠããŠã³ã£ããããŸããã

ãããããã¯ãããå¶ç¶ã§ããïŒããããããŠããããªãããã®äººåœ¢ãå±±ç°ããã®ã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ããããã§ããããã£ã±ããããæ§ãšææ§ã䌌ãŠãããã§ãããããå±±ç°ããã¯åã©ãã®é ããã³ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒæ°è³ªã ã£ããã§ããïŒ
å±±ç°ãåã©ãã®é ã¯åæéããããŠããŸããããäžåŠçã«ãªããšåçæ®åœ±ãè¶£å³ã«ãªããŸãããèªåã§æ®åœ±ãçŸåããåçãšããã¢ã³ã¢ã³ãªã©ã®éèªãã奜ããªåçãåãæããŠãèªåã®åçéãäœã£ãããããŠããŸãããåã¯å ã ã¯ã³ããŒã·ã£ã«ãã©ãã®ã«ã¡ã©ãã³ã«ãªãããã£ããã§ããã
髿 ¡çã«ãªããšæ¯ã®å§ãã§ãã€ã¯ã«ããã£ãŠããã³ãã®ããžãã¹è»ãè²·ã£ãŠä¹ãåããŠããã€ã¯ã¯é§è»å Žã«ïŒå°äžŠãã§ããããšããããŸãããããã¯ã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãããªããŠãåã«ä¹ãæããŠãå€ããã€ã¯ãåŠåããã«æºããŠããã ãïŒç¬ïŒã

瀟äŒäººã«ãªã£ãŠããã¯ãããã»ã³ãã¥ãªãŒã®å®¶å ·ããµããã£ãã¯ã®ãã¹ã¿ãŒãªã©ãéãå§ããŠãããã¯ä»ãç¶ããŠããŸããã¢ãŒã«ãã³ãããŠããŠã¹ã奜ãã§ãããããšã¿ã€ãã°ã©ãã£ã奜ãã§ãèªåã§ãã¬ã¿ãªã³ã°ãããããçµµãæããŠããããšããããŸããã

ããããèªèº«ãã¢ãŒãã£ã¹ãã ã£ãã®ã§ããïŒå¿è³çŽåã®å«ãšããŠãçŽ æµãªãã®ã«å²ãŸããŠå±±ç°ããã®ææ§ã¯è²ã£ãã®ãããããŸãããã
仿¥ã¯ããããšãããããŸããã
å±±ç°ãããããšãããããŸããã
ãããæ¬¡åããã¯å±±ç°ããã®ã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãäžå¿ã«ã玹ä»ããŠãããããšæããŸãã
ïŒå±±ç°ããã®ã»ãã®èšäºïŒ
çŸä»£ã¢ãŒãã³ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒå±±ç°è£ããâ¡
ç¥ç¶ã»å¿è³çŽåã®è¶³è·¡ããã©ãé¢è¥¿æ
â
ç¥ç¶ã»å¿è³çŽåã®è¶³è·¡ããã©ãé¢è¥¿æ
â¡
ç¥ç¶ã»å¿è³çŽåã®è¶³è·¡ããã©ãé¢è¥¿æ
â¢
å±±ç°å®¶ãšæäžŠåºã»è»å€èå
Œ
ããã©ãããã¡ããªãŒãåºæŒãšãã®èå°è£ïŒ
ãæå€è¡è·¯ãããåã³æå«åã§éãããæ¥
â»å±±ç°ããã®ãããã£ãŒã«ã掻åã«ã€ããŠã¯ãã¡ãã®åç»ã§ã詳ãã解説ãããŠããŸããæ°ã«ãªãæ¹ã¯ãã²ïŒ
ãçš²æéè« ç¹å¥ç â¡è¯éºãªãäžæïŒïŒå±±ç°å®¶ãšã¯ïŒïŒã
ç·šéååïŒæè¯é·¹åž

ã»å¿è³çŽåãšãæå«åçœæšºæŽŸãã«ã€ããŠïŒææ²»æ«æããå€§æ£æä»£ãå¿è³çŽåãæ³å®æŠãæŠè å°è·¯å®ç¯€ãäžå¿ãšãªã£ãçœæšºæŽŸã®æäººãã¡ã¯ãæ©é¢éèªãçœæšºããåµåããåœå å€ã®æåŠã»çŸè¡ã»é³æ¥œçãçºä¿¡ã圌ããæ°å©ããåè²ãŠã®ææãæå«åã«æ®ãããããšã§ããã®å°ã«ã¯ãæåããèªãåã空éãåµé ããããçŸåšãæå«ååžã®çœæšºæåŠé€šã§ã¯ãã®æåç空éããæå«åã»çœæšºæŽŸããšåä»ããçœæšºæŽŸã®æäººãã¯ãããåŸã«å¿è³çŽåéžã«äœãã åç°äº¬å¹³ã»çŠå€«å©Šã代衚ãšããç»å®¶ããæ³å®æŠéžã«äœãã é¶èžå®¶æ²³æè»å±±ãªã©æå«åã®æåãæ ã£ã人ç©ãæå人ãé¡åœ°ããŠããã
