Cynipidae

Tawon gal
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:	Animalia
Filum:	Arthropoda
Kelas:	Insecta
(tanpa takson):	Holometabola
Superordo:	Hymenopterida
Ordo:	Hymenoptera
Famili:	Cynipidae; Latreille, 1802
Diversitas
	setidaknya 80 genus

Tawon empedu adalah hymenopteran dari keluarga Cynipidae di keluarga super tawon Cynipoidea. Nama umum mereka berasal dari empedu yang mereka hasilkan pada tanaman untuk perkembangan larva.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Referensi

↑ The population biology of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) Stone et al. (2002) Annual Review of Entomology Vol. 47: 633-668
↑ Piper, Ross (2007). Extraordinary Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0313339226.
↑ Kidd, Russell (September 10, 2012). "Tree galls are rarely cause for concern". Michigan State University Extension.{{cite web}}: Pemeliharaan CS1: Tanggal diterjemahkan otomatis (link)

[Stone_2002-1] The population biology of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) Stone et al. (2002) Annual Review of Entomology Vol. 47: 633-668

[Piper_2007-2] Piper, Ross (2007). Extraordinary Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0313339226.

[Kidd_2012-3] Kidd, Russell (September 10, 2012). "Tree galls are rarely cause for concern". Michigan State University Extension.{{cite web}}: Pemeliharaan CS1: Tanggal diterjemahkan otomatis (link)

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