Shigella
| Shigella | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom | Pseudomonadati (mul)  |
| Phylum | Pseudomonadota (mul) |
| Class | Gammaproteobacteria (mul) |
| Order | Enterobacterales (mul) |
| Dangi | Enterobacteriaceae (mul)
|
genus (en)  | Shigella ,
|
| General information | |
| Rashin lafiya | shigellosis (en) |
| Gram stain | gram-negative bacteria (en) |
Shigella wani nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta ne wanda ba shi da Gram, anaerobic, wanda ba shi leken spore, wanda ba ya motsawa, wanda aka tsara shi da sandar, kuma an sanya shi cikin kwayar halitta a cikin Escherichia coli. An sanya sunan jinsin ne bayan likitan Japan Kiyoshi Shiga, wanda ya gano shi a cikin 1897. [1]
Shigella yana haifar da cuta a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, amma ba a cikin wasu dabbobi masu rarrafe ba; shine mai haifar da shigellosis na mutum.[1] Ana samun sa ne kawai a cikin mutane da gorillas.[2][3] A lokacin kamuwa da cuta, yawanci yana haifar da dysentery.[4]
Shigella shine babban dalilin zawo na ƙwayoyin cuta a duk duniya, tare da mutane miliyan 80-165 na shekara-shekara (an kiyasta) [2] da mutuwar 74,000 zuwa 600,000.[3] Yana daya daga cikin manyan cututtukan da ke haifar da matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani a cikin yara na Afirka da Asiya ta Kudu.[4]
Rarraba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana rarraba nau'in Shigella ta hanyar serogroups guda uku da serotype guda ɗaya:
- Serogroup A: S. dysenteriae (15 serotypes) [5]
- Serogroup B: S. flexneri (9 serotypes) [6]
- Serogroup C: S. boydii (19 serotypes) [7]
- Serogroup D: S. sonnei (wani serotype) [8]
Kowane ɗayan ƙwayoyin halittar Shigella sun haɗa da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke ƙunshe da ƙwayoyi masu ƙwayoyin halitta na farko. Shigella chromosomes suna raba mafi yawan kwayoyin halittunsu tare da na E. coli K12 MG1655, wani nau'in samfurin da aka yi nazari sosai.[9]
Nazarin phylogenetic ya nuna cewa Shigella an bi da shi yadda ya kamata a matsayin rukuni na Escherichia coli [10] (duba Escheriquia coli #Diversity don cikakkun bayanai).
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Yabuuchi, Eiko (2002). "Bacillus dysentericus (sic) 1897 was the first taxonomic rather than Bacillus dysenteriae 1898". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 52 (Pt 3): 1041. doi:10.1099/00207713-52-3-1041. PMID 12054222.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named "YellowBook". - ↑ Mani, Sachin; Wierzba, Thomas; Walker, Richard I (2016). "Status of vaccine research and development for Shigella". Vaccine. 34 (26): 2887–2894. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.075. PMID 26979135.
- ↑ Kotloff, Karen L; Nataro, James P; Blackwelder, William C; et al. (2013). "Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study". The Lancet. 382 (9888): 209–222. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60844-2. PMID 23680352. S2CID 205969172.
- ↑ Ansaruzzaman, M; Kibriya, AK; Rahman, A; Neogi, PK; Faruque, AS; Rowe, B; Albert, MJ (1995). "Detection of provisional serovars of Shigella dysenteriae and designation as S. dysenteriae serotypes 14 and 15". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 33 (5): 1423–5. doi:10.1128/JCM.33.5.1423-1425.1995. PMC 228185. PMID 7615772.
- ↑ Knirel, Y. A.; Sun, Q; Senchenkova, SN; Perepelov, AV; Shashkov, AS; Xu, J (2015). "O-Antigen Modifications Providing Antigenic Diversity of Shigella flexneri and Underlying Genetic Mechanisms". Biochemistry (Moscow). 80 (7): 901–914. doi:10.1134/S0006297915070093. PMID 26542003. S2CID 7360433.
- ↑ Yang, Z; Hu, C; Chen, J; Chen, G; Liu, Z (1990). "A new serotype of Shigella boydii". Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao (in Harshen Sinanci). 30 (4): 284–95. PMID 2251827.
- ↑ The, Hao Chung; Thanh, Duy Pham; Holt, Kathryn E.; Thomson, Nicholas R.; Baker, Stephen (2016). "The genomic signatures of Shigella evolution, adaptation and geographical spread". Nature Reviews Microbiology (in Turanci). 14 (4): 235–250. doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.10. ISSN 1740-1534.
- ↑ Yang, Fan; Yang, Jian; Zhang, Xiaobing; Chen, Lihong; Jiang, Yan; Yan, Yongliang; Tang, Xudong; Wang, Jing; Xiong, Zhaohui; Dong, Jie; Xue, Ying; Zhu, Yafang; Xu, Xingye; Sun, Lilian; Chen, Shuxia (2005). "Genome dynamics and diversity of Shigella species, the etiologic agents of bacillary dysentery". Nucleic Acids Research. 33 (19): 6445–58. doi:10.1093/nar/gki954. PMC 1278947. PMID 16275786.
- ↑ Chaudhuri, Roy R.; Henderson, Ian R. (2012-03-01). "The evolution of the Escherichia coli phylogeny". Infection, Genetics and Evolution (in Turanci). 12 (2): 214–226. Bibcode:2012InfGE..12..214C. doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2012.01.005. ISSN 1567-1348. PMID 22266241.
