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返

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
返 U+8FD4, 返
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8FD4
← 迓
[U+8FD3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 迕 →
[U+8FD5]

Translingual

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Traditional 返
Simplified 返
Japanese 返
Korean 返

Han character

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返 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+4, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 7 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, Cangjie input 卜竹水 (YHE), four-corner 31304 or 32304, composition ⿺辶反)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1254, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38758
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1737, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3820, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8FD4

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 返
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
扳 *praːn, *pʰraːn
板 *praːnʔ
版 *praːnʔ
瓪 *praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
昄 *praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑 *praːnʔ
蝂 *praːnʔ
眅 *pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
阪 *braːnʔ, *panʔ
魬 *braːnʔ
粄 *paːnʔ
反 *panʔ, *pʰan
返 *panʔ
坂 *panʔ
畈 *pans
販 *pans
汳 *pʰans
飯 *bonʔ, *bons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *panʔ) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): semantic 辶 (“movement”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan, “to return”). It originally conveyed the meaning of "to return along the path one came from" and, by extension, came to signify the idea of "to restore" or "to revert."[1]

References

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  1. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Etymology 1

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trad. 返
simp. # 返
alternative forms 反
𢓉
﨤

See 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Pronunciation

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Note: huêng2 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 返
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 元 (66)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 府遠切
Baxter pjonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʉɐnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʷiɐnX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/piuɐnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/puanX/
Li
Rong 		/piuɐnX/
Wang
Li 		/pĭwɐnX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pi̯wɐnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		faan2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 返
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fǎn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pjonX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Cə.panʔ/
English return

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 返
Reading # 1/1
No. 2969
Phonetic
component 		反
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		反
Old
Chinese 		/*panʔ/

Definitions

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返

  1. to return (to); to come or go back (to)
    返京  ―  fǎn Jīng  ―  to return to Beijing
    流連忘返／流连忘返  ―  liúliánwàngfǎn  ―  to linger and be reluctant to leave
  2. to return; to give back

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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trad. 返
simp. # 返
alternative forms 翻 (faan1) Cantonese
番 (faan1) Cantonese

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Derived from the Jiyun 孚袁切 reading of 返? Or is it actually 翻?”)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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返 (Cantonese)

  1. to return (to); to come or go back (to)
    返鄉下／返乡下 [Cantonese]  ―  faan1 hoeng1 haa6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to go back to one's hometown
    返屋企 [Cantonese]  ―  faan1 uk1 kei2 [Jyutping]  ―  to go home
  2. to go to; to attend (a place that one regularly visits); to frequent
    返工 [Cantonese]  ―  faan1 gung1 [Jyutping]  ―  to go to work
    返學／返学 [Cantonese]  ―  faan1 hok6 [Jyutping]  ―  to go to school
    返教會／返教会 [Cantonese]  ―  faan1 gaau3 wui6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to go to church
    返part-time [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  faan1 paat1- taam1 [Jyutping]  ―  to work part-time
    佢今日有冇返呀？ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    keoi5 gam1 jat6 jau5 mou5 faan1 aa3? [Jyutping]
    Did he go to school/work today?
  3. back, returning to a previous state
    擠返喺嗰度／挤返喺嗰度 [Cantonese]  ―  zai1 faan1 hai2 go2 dou6 [Jyutping]  ―  to put (something) back there
    換返件衫／换返件衫 [Cantonese]  ―  wun6 faan1 gin6 saam1 [Jyutping]  ―  to change back one's clothes
    打返佢 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 faan1 keoi5 [Jyutping]  ―  to return him a hit; to hit him back
    救唔返 [Cantonese]  ―  gau3 m4 faan1 [Jyutping]  ―  unable to be saved: unsalvageable, beyond hope, etc.
    諗返舊陣時／谂返旧阵时 [Cantonese]  ―  nam2 faan1 gau6 zan6 si4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  thinking back to older times
    去返轉頭／去返转头 [Cantonese]  ―  heoi3 faan1 zyun3 tau4 [Jyutping]  ―  to go back; to turn around
    搵返／揾返 [Cantonese]  ―  wan2 faan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to find (something that was lost)
    整返好 [Cantonese]  ―  zing2 faan1 hou2 [Jyutping]  ―  to repair; to fix
    病返 [Cantonese]  ―  beng6 faan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to fall ill again
    好返 [Cantonese]  ―  hou2 faan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to recover (from an illness)
    開始喐返／开始喐返 [Cantonese]  ―  hoi1 ci2 juk1 faan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to start to move again
    寫返英文／写返英文 [Cantonese]  ―  se2 faan1 jing1 man4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  use English instead
    仲未覆返你 [Cantonese]  ―  zung6 mei6 fuk1 faan1 nei5 [Jyutping]  ―  still hasn't replied to you
  4. to be left over; to be remaining
    啲嘢都係留返聽日先做。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    啲嘢都系留返听日先做。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    di1 je5 dou1 hai6 lau4 faan1 ting1 jat6 sin1 zou6. [Jyutping]
    Leave the things here first; I'll do them tomorrow.
    剩返地理未考完 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    From: 開放詞典 / 开放词典 [Kaifang Cidian]
    zing6 faan1 dei6 lei5 mei6 haau2 jyun4 [Jyutping]
    I have just the Geography test left.
  5. Used after verbs for starting a new, good action.
    沖返個涼 [Cantonese, trad.]
    冲返个凉 [Cantonese, simp.]
    cung1 faan1 go3 loeng4 [Jyutping]
    to enjoy a shower
    寫返啲嘢／写返啲嘢 [Cantonese]  ―  se2 faan1 di1 je5 [Jyutping]  ―  to write something
    執返劑 [Cantonese, trad.]
    执返剂 [Cantonese, simp.]
    zap1 faan1 zai1 [Jyutping]
    to go and have sex
    得閒仲係鍾意飲返兩杯。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    得闲仲系钟意饮返两杯。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    From: 開放詞典 / 开放词典 [Kaifang Cidian]
    dak1 haan4 zung6 hai6 zung1 ji3 jam2 faan1 loeng5 bui1. [Jyutping]
    Nothing beats downing two glasses in my spare time.
Synonyms
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  • (to return):
Dialectal synonyms of 回 (“to return; to come/go back”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 回, 歸
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 回, 返回, 回歸
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 回
Taiwan 回
Malaysia 回
Singapore 回
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 轉, 回
Guilin 回
Cantonese Guangzhou 返
Hong Kong 返
Macau 返
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 返
Taishan 返
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 返
Singapore (Guangfu) 返
Hakka Meixian 轉
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 轉
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 歸
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 轉
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 轉
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 轉
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 轉
Kuching (Hepo) 轉
Eastern Min Fuzhou 轉
Singapore (Fuqing) 轉
Southern Min Xiamen 轉, 倒
Quanzhou 轉
Zhangzhou 轉
Zhao'an 轉
Taipei 轉
New Taipei (Sanxia) 轉
Kaohsiung 轉
Yilan 轉
Changhua (Lukang) 轉
Taichung 轉
Tainan 轉
Hsinchu 轉
Kinmen 轉
Penghu (Magong) 轉
Penang (Hokkien) 轉
Singapore (Hokkien) 轉
Manila (Hokkien) 倒
Chaozhou 轉
Shantou 轉
Haifeng 轉
Singapore (Teochew) 轉
Wenchang 轉
Singapore (Hainanese) 轉
Wu Ningbo 回, 轉 rare

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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trad. 返
simp. # 返

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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返

  1. (Southern Min) alternative form of 轉 / 转 (tńg, “to go back; to return”)

Japanese

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Shinjitai 返
Kyūjitai
[1]
返󠄁
返+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
返󠄄
返+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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返

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to come back, to return, to go back to

Readings

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ “返”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

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Hanja

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返 (eumhun 돌이킬 반 (dorikil ban))

  1. hanja form? of 반 (“return, revert to, restore”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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返: Hán Nôm readings: phản

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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