pur

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pur"

Languages (19)

Translingual • English

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Alemannic German • Catalan • Cornish • Cypriot Arabic • Dalmatian • Danish • French • German • Interlingua • Italian • Middle English • Norman • Old French • Romanian • Romansh • Swedish • Welsh

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Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

pur

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Puruborá.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Puruborá terms

English

Noun

pur (plural purs)

1. Dated form of purr (“low murmuring sound as of a cat”).
   • 1895, Jacob Mendes Da Costa, Medical diagnosis, page 294:

     The first — called by Laennec, from its resemblance to the pur of a cat, the purring tremor — is nearly always indicative of a valvular lesion. The second is caused by the to-and-fro motion of a roughened pericardium.

Verb

pur (third-person singular simple present purs, present participle purring, simple past and past participle purred)

1. Dated form of purr.
   • a. 1828, John Gardiner Calkins Brainard, On Connecticut River

     And there the wild-cat purs amid her brood.

   • 1840, The Visitor: Or, Monthly Instructor, page 182:

     It appears to me, past all doubt, that its [the goatsucker's] notes are formed by organic impulse, by the parts of its windpipe formed for sound, just as cats pur.

See also

• life estate pur autre vie
• pur sang

Anagrams

• PRU, RUP, U-RP, urp, Pru

Alemannic German

Alternative forms

• pour, pür
• Puur

Etymology

From Middle High German būre, gibūre, from Old High German gibūro, from būr (“peasant”). Cognate with German Bauer, Dutch buur, English bower.

Noun

pur m

1. (Gressoney, Carcoforo) farmer

References

• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan pur, from Latin pūrus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈpur]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uɾ

Adjective

pur (feminine pura, masculine plural purs, feminine plural pures)

1. pure
2. not contaminated
3. innocent
4. authentic, genuine

Antonyms

• impur

Derived terms

• purament
• puresa
• puritat

References

• “pur”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “pur”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)

Cornish

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): /pyːr/
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key): /piːr/

Etymology 1

From Middle Cornish pur, from Proto-Brythonic *pʉr, from Latin pūrus (“pure”)

Adjective

pur (comparative purra, superlative an purra)

1. pure

   Synonym: glan

2. absolute

   Synonyms: absolut, purra

3. utter

   Synonyms: dien, kowal

Adverb

pur (triggers soft mutation)

1. very

Derived terms

• pur dha (“excellent”)
• pur dhifun (“wide awake”)
• pur dhu (“pitch black”)
• pur hwarthus (“hilarious”)
• pur lowen (“delighted”)
• pur vras (“epic”)
• purhe (“purify”, verb)
• purheans (“purification”)
• purheor (“refiner”)
• purieth (“purism”)
• purra (“absolute, extreme”)
• purva (“refinery”)
• purydh m, purydhes f (“purist”)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Cognate with Welsh poer.

Noun

pur m (uncountable)

1. mucus, phlegm, snot

Derived terms

• purek (“snotty”)

Mutation

Mutation of pur

radical	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
pur	bur	fur	unchanged	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Cypriot Arabic

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic بُور (būr).

Adjective

pur

1. fallow, uncultivated

References

• Borg, Alexander (2004), A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 168

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

• puar

Etymology

From Latin pāret, third person singular present active indicative of pareō.

Verb

pur

1. to appear

Danish

Etymology

From French pur, from Latin purus.

Adjective

pur (neuter purt, plural and definite singular attributive pure)

1. pure, clean

   Synonym: ren

   Coordinate terms: lutter, pure

2. pure, young, innocent

Inflection

Inflection of pur

	positive	comparative	superlative
indefinite common singular	pur	purere	purest2
indefinite neuter singular	purt	purere	purest2
plural	pure	purere	purest2
definite attributive1	pure	purere	pureste

¹ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
² The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

References

• “pur” in Den Danske Ordbog

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French pur, from Old French pur, from Latin pūrus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pyʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -yʁ
• Homophones: pure, purent, pures, purs

Adjective

pur (feminine pure, masculine plural purs, feminine plural pures)

1. pure (unspoilt)
2. pure (undiluted)

Derived terms

• apurement
• apurer
• corps pur
• en pure perte
• épurateur
• épuration
• épure
• épuré
• épurer
• imaginaire pur
• impur
• impurement
• impureté
• pur et dur
• pur et simple
• pur jus
• pur sucre
• pure laine
• purement
• pureté
• purisme
• puriste

Further reading

• “pur”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

German

Etymology

From Late Middle High German pūr (14th c.), from Latin pūrus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /puːr/, [pu(ː)ɐ̯]
• Rhymes: -uːɐ̯

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Adjective

pur (strong nominative masculine singular purer, comparative purer, superlative am pursten)

1. pure, mere, sheer (nothing other than)

   Synonyms: rein, blank, bloß, schier

   Die pure Verzweiflung hat ihn dazu getrieben.

   It was pure despair that drove him into it.

   Köstliche Häppchen und erstklassiger Wein sorgten für Genuss pur.

   Delicious snacks and first-class wine ensured pure, unadulterated pleasure.

2. pure (not mixed with another ingredient)

   Synonyms: rein, unverdünnt, unvermischt

   Er trinkt puren Wodka.

   He drinks pure vodka.

   Er trinkt Wodka pur.

   He drinks vodka straight.

3. (rare) pure (not polluted or sullied)

   Synonyms: rein, sauber, schadstofffrei, unverdorben

Usage notes

• As a more flexible equivalent for English pure use the adjective rein, especially in moral and other figurative senses.
• Due to the semantic constraints, the compared forms, especially the comparative purer, are infrequent.
• Pur may at times be postpositioned, especially when the noun has no article or determiner with it. This use has been generalised from the context of food and drink, where it is also found with some other adjectives (e.g. Kaffee schwarz for schwarzer Kaffee).

Declension

Positive forms of pur number & gender singular plural masculine feminine neuter predicative er ist pur sie ist pur es ist pur sie sind pur strong declension (without article) nominative purer pure pures pure genitive puren purer puren purer dative purem purer purem puren accusative puren pure pures pure weak declension (with definite article) nominative der pure die pure das pure die puren genitive des puren der puren des puren der puren dative dem puren der puren dem puren den puren accusative den puren die pure das pure die puren mixed declension (with indefinite article) nominative ein purer eine pure ein pures (keine) puren genitive eines puren einer puren eines puren (keiner) puren dative einem puren einer puren einem puren (keinen) puren accusative einen puren eine pure ein pures (keine) puren Comparative forms of pur number & gender singular plural masculine feminine neuter predicative er ist purer sie ist purer es ist purer sie sind purer strong declension (without article) nominative purerer purere pureres purere genitive pureren purerer pureren purerer dative purerem purerer purerem pureren accusative pureren purere pureres purere weak declension (with definite article) nominative der purere die purere das purere die pureren genitive des pureren der pureren des pureren der pureren dative dem pureren der pureren dem pureren den pureren accusative den pureren die purere das purere die pureren mixed declension (with indefinite article) nominative ein purerer eine purere ein pureres (keine) pureren genitive eines pureren einer pureren eines pureren (keiner) pureren dative einem pureren einer pureren einem pureren (keinen) pureren accusative einen pureren eine purere ein pureres (keine) pureren Superlative forms of pur number & gender singular plural masculine feminine neuter predicative er ist am pursten sie ist am pursten es ist am pursten sie sind am pursten strong declension (without article) nominative purster purste purstes purste genitive pursten purster pursten purster dative purstem purster purstem pursten accusative pursten purste purstes purste weak declension (with definite article) nominative der purste die purste das purste die pursten genitive des pursten der pursten des pursten der pursten dative dem pursten der pursten dem pursten den pursten accusative den pursten die purste das purste die pursten mixed declension (with indefinite article) nominative ein purster eine purste ein purstes (keine) pursten genitive eines pursten einer pursten eines pursten (keiner) pursten dative einem pursten einer pursten einem pursten (keinen) pursten accusative einen pursten eine purste ein purstes (keine) pursten

Further reading

• “pur” in Duden online
• “pur”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎^[1] (in German)

Interlingua

Adjective

pur (comparative plus pur, superlative le plus pur)

1. pure

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpur/
• Rhymes: -ur
• Hyphenation: pùr

Adverb

pur (apocopated)

1. apocopic form of pure

Conjunction

pur (apocopated)

1. apocopic form of pure

Middle English

Adjective

pur

1. alternative form of pure

Norman

Etymology

From Old French pur, from Latin pūrus.

Adjective

pur m

1. (Jersey) pure

Derived terms

• êputher (“to purify”)
• puthement (“purely”)

Old French

Etymology 1

From Latin pūrus.

Adjective

pur m (feminine pure)

2. pure

Declension

	Case	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	subject	purs	pure	pur
	oblique	pur			pure	pur
plural	subject	pur	pures		pur
	oblique	purs			pures	pur

Descendants

• French: pur
  • → Romanian: pur
• Norman: pur
• → Middle Dutch: puur
  • Dutch: puur
    • Negerhollands: pi
• → Middle English: pure, pur, puyr, pore, poure, peure, puȝr, puir, puire, puyre
  • Scots: puir, pure
  • English: pure
  • → Cornish: pur

Etymology 2

See por

Preposition

pur

1. alternative form of por

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pur/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin pūrus, French pur.

Adjective

pur m or n (feminine singular pură, masculine plural puri, feminine/neuter plural pure)

1. pure, clean, clear
2. mere

Declension

Declension of pur

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	pur		pură	puri	pure
	definite	purul		pura	purii	purele
genitive- dative	indefinite	pur		pure	puri	pure
	definite	purului		purei	purilor	purelor

See also

• clar, curat, fin, cast

Etymology 2

Variant of por. Probably from Latin porrum.

Noun

pur m (plural puri)

1. sand leek (Allium rotundum)
2. serpent's garlic (Allium victorialis)

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	pur	purul	puri	purii
genitive-dative	pur	purului	puri	purilor
vocative	purule		purilor

Romansh

Etymology 1

From Latin pūrus.

Alternative forms

• pür (Puter, Vallader)

Adjective

pur m (feminine singular pura, masculine plural purs, feminine plural puras) (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran)

1. pure

Synonyms

• (Sutsilvan) spir

Etymology 2

Of Germanic origin, cognate with German Bauer, Dutch boer.

Noun

pur m (plural purs) (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter)

1. peasant, farmer
2. (chess) pawn

Alternative forms

• pour (Surmiran)
• paur (Vallader, peasant, farmer)

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pūrus.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ʉːr

Adjective

pur (not comparable)

1. (somewhat dated) pure

   pur glädje

   pure joy

Declension

Inflection of pur

Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative1
common singular	pur	—	—
neuter singular	purt	—	—
plural	pura	—	—
masculine plural2	pure	—	—
Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular3	pure	—	—
all	pura	—	—

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

See also

• pur förvåning
• pur-
• purpur

Further reading

• pur in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (14th ed., online)

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh pur, from Proto-Brythonic *pʉr, from Latin pūrus.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /pɨːr/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /piːr/
• Rhymes: -ɨːr

Adjective

pur (feminine singular pur, plural purion, equative pured, comparative purach, superlative puraf)

1. pure, unadulterated

   Synonym: têr

2. undefiled, chaste

Derived terms

• amhûr (“impure”)
• purdeb (“purity”)
• purlan (“pure, holy”)
• puro (“to purify”)

Adverb

pur

1. somewhat, fairly

Mutation

Mutated forms of pur

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
pur	bur	mhur	phur

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “pur”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies