The Red List Assessment
BirdLife International 2016. Parus major. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22735990A87431138. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22735990A87431138.en. Accessed on 02 November 2026.
Language
English
Last assessed
01 October 2016
Scope of assessment
Global
Population trend
Increasing
Number of mature individuals
430,000,000-709,999,999
Habitat and ecology
Forest, Shrubland, Grassland, Desert, Artificial/Terrestrial
Geographic range
-
Extant (resident)
Assessment Information
Global Assessment
IUCN Red List Category and Criteria - Global Assessment
Date assessed
01 October 2016
Year published
2016
Assessment Information in detail
Geographic Range
Native
Extant (resident)
Afghanistan; Albania; Algeria; Andorra; Armenia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bangladesh; Belarus; Belgium; Bhutan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Cambodia; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czechia; Denmark; Egypt; Estonia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Gibraltar; Greece; Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Hungary; Indonesia; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Japan; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Kyrgyzstan; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lebanon; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Malaysia; Moldova; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Myanmar; Nepal; Netherlands; North Macedonia; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Russian Federation (Central Asian Russia, Eastern Asian Russia, European Russia); Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Syrian Arab Republic; Tajikistan; Thailand; Tunisia; Turkmenistan; TÞrkiye; Ukraine; United Kingdom; Uzbekistan; Viet Nam
Extant & Vagrant (resident)
Iceland; Malta
Extant & Vagrant
Taiwan, Province of China
Number of locations
Upper elevation limit
4,420 metres
Lower elevation limit
Geographic Range in detail
Population
Current population trend
Number of mature individuals
430,000,000-709,999,999
Population severely fragmented
No
Continuing decline of mature individuals
Unknown
Population in detail
Habitat and Ecology
System
Habitat type
Forest, Shrubland, Grassland, Desert, Artificial/Terrestrial
Generation length (years)
4.3 years
Congregatory
Movement patterns
Not a Migrant
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat
Unknown
Habitat and Ecology in detail
Threats
Climate change & severe weather
- Other impacts
Threats in detail
Use and Trade
Use and Trade in detail
Conservation Actions
In-place research and monitoring
- Action Recovery Plan : No
- Systematic monitoring scheme : No
In-place land/water protection
- Conservation sites identified : Yes, over entire range
- Occurs in at least one protected area : No
- Invasive species control or prevention : No
In-place species management
- Successfully reintroduced or introduced benignly : No
- Subject to ex-situ conservation : No
In-place education
- Subject to recent education and awareness programmes : No
- Included in international legislation : No
- Subject to any international management / trade controls : No
Conservation Actions in detail
Bibliography
Red List Bibliography
External Data
Images and External Links
Images and External Links in detail
CITES Legislation from Species+
Data source
The information below is from the Species+ website.
CITES Legislation from Species+ in detail
Ex situ data from Species360
Data source
The information below is from Species360's Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS)
Ex situ data from Species360 in detail
Studies and Actions from Conservation Evidence
Data source
The information below is from the Conservation Evidence website.
