Abstract
In this article we identify several ways in which inquiry into political tolerance might be broadened beyond its typically descriptive focus. In particular, we argue the following: Political tolerance ought to be conceptualized as a multidimensional system of beliefs. Further inquiry into the structures of these beliefs is necessary. Tolerance attitudes are surely connected to political behavior, but only under some circumstances. More attention must be given to contextual influences on the attitude-behavior relationship. There may be some linkage between the tolerance beliefs of the mass public and public policy, but, if so, it is surely indirect and mitigated by a series of factors. Additional effort ought to be devoted to conceptualizing public policy and examining the processes linking opinion and policy. Tolerance attitudes contribute to the political culture, but a variety of definitional, theoretical, and operational problems must be worked out if the culture concept is to have scientific utility. Tolerance has rarely been treated as an independent variable. Tolerance is one of several determinants of individual-level political freedom. Through its relationship with political culture and with public policy, political tolerance affects the amount and distribution of freedom in society. Much additional work in mapping these relationships is necessary. Finally, tolerance, policy, culture, and freedom are all important components of democracy. Ultimately, macrolevel, cross-cultural research connecting these various concepts must be undertaken.
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Gibson, J.L., Anderson, A.J. The political implications of elite and mass tolerance. Polit Behav 7, 118–146 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988795
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988795
