ioctl函数的参数介绍

				
/* Interface request structure used for socket
 * ioctl's.  All interface ioctl's must have parameter
 * definitions which begin with ifr_name.  The
 * remainder may be interface specific.
 */
struct  ifreq {
#ifndef IFNAMSIZ
#define IFNAMSIZ        16
#endif
        char    ifr_name[IFNAMSIZ]; 
        union {
                struct  sockaddr ifru_addr;
                struct  sockaddr ifru_dstaddr;
                struct  sockaddr ifru_broadaddr;
                __ulong32_t     ifru_flags;
                int     ifru_metric;
                caddr_t ifru_data;
                u_short ifru_site6;
                __ulong32_t   ifru_mtu;
                int     ifru_baudrate;
        } ifr_ifru;

Following macros are provided for convenience

#define ifr_addr        ifr_ifru.ifru_addr      /* address */
#define ifr_dstaddr     ifr_ifru.ifru_dstaddr   /* other end of p-to-p link */
#define ifr_broadaddr   ifr_ifru.ifru_broadaddr /* broadcast address */
#define ifr_flags       ifr_ifru.ifru_flags     /* flags */
#define ifr_metric      ifr_ifru.ifru_metric    /* metric */
#define ifr_data        ifr_ifru.ifru_data      /* for use by interface */
#define ifr_site6       ifr_ifru.ifru_site6     /* IPv6 site index */
#define ifr_mtu         ifr_ifru.ifru_mtu       /* mtu of interface */
#define ifr_isno        ifr_ifru.ifru_data      /* pointer to if_netopts */
#define ifr_baudrate    ifr_ifru.ifru_baudrate  /* baudrate of interface */
};
      

				
/*
 * Structure used in SIOCGIFCONF request.
 * Used to retrieve interface configuration
 * for machine (useful for programs which
 * must know all networks accessible).
 */
struct  ifconf {
        int     ifc_len;                /* size of associated buffer */
        union {
                caddr_t ifcu_buf;
                struct  ifreq *ifcu_req;
        } ifc_ifcu;

Following macros are provided for convenience

#define ifc_buf ifc_ifcu.ifcu_buf       /* buffer address */
#define ifc_req ifc_ifcu.ifcu_req       /* array of structures returned */
};
      

				
/*Function to get the size needed to allocate for buffers*/
int get_interface_size(int sd){
    int ret,size;
    ret=ioctl(sd,SIOCGSIZIFCONF,&size);
    if(ret==-1){
       perror("Error getting size of interface :");
       return ret;
    }
    return size;
}

main
{
    struct ifconf ifc;
    int sd;
    sd=socket(AF_INET6,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
    printf("Size of memory needed = %d/n",get_interface_size(sd));
}
 
      

$> ./myprog
Size of memory needed = 628
      

					
/*This function uses loops to find out buffer size instead of SIOCGSIZIFCONF 
  allocates the buffer and gets the information list*/
int alloc_buffer_size(int sd,struct ifconf *ifc){
    int ret=-1,bsz=sizeof(struct ifreq);
    int prevsz=bsz;
    ifc->ifc_req=NULL;
    ifc->ifc_len=bsz;
    do{
       ifc->ifc_req=(struct ifreq *)realloc(ifc->ifc_req,bsz);
       if(!ifc->ifc_req){
         perror("Malloc failed :");
         return ret;
       }
       ifc->ifc_len=bsz;
       ret=ioctl(sd,SIOCGIFCONF,(caddr_t)ifc);
       if(ret==-1){
          perror("Error getting size of interface :");
          return ret;
       }
      if(prevsz==ifc->ifc_len)
        break;
      else{
         bsz*=2;
         prevsz=(0==ifc->ifc_len ? bsz : ifc->ifc_len) ;
      }
    }while(1);
    ifc->ifc_req=(struct ifreq *)realloc(ifc->ifc_req,prevsz);
    return ifc->ifc_len;
}

      

					
#define MAX(x,y) ((x) > (y) ? (x) : (y))
#define SIZE(p) MAX((p).sa_len, sizeof(p))

/* This function prints all the configured IPs on the
 * system given the ifconf structure allocated previously*/
void print_ips(struct ifconf *ifc){
     char *cp,*cplim,addr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
     struct ifreq *ifr=ifc->ifc_req;
     cp=(char *)ifc->ifc_req;
     cplim=cp+ifc->ifc_len;
     for(;cp<cplim;cp+=(sizeof(ifr->ifr_name) + SIZE(ifr->ifr_addr))){
        /* NOTE: You cannot just increment cp with sizeof(struct ifreq)
         * as structures returned are of different length.
         */
        ifr=(struct ifreq *)cp;
        printf("%s :",ifr->ifr_name);
        getip(ifr,addr);
        printf("%s/n",addr);
     }
      return ;
}
main
{
    struct ifconf ifc;
    int sd;
    sd=socket(AF_INET6,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
    alloc_buffer_size(sd,&ifc);
    print_ips(&ifc);
}
      

$> ./myprog
en0 :6.3.6.0
en0 :9.182.192.169
en0 :fe80::209:6bff:feeb:70b2
sit0 :1.4.4.0
sit0 :::9.182.192.169
lo0 :24.3.0.0
lo0 :127.0.0.1
lo0 :::1
      

					
/* Given a ifreq structure this function returns its IP address */
void getip(struct ifreq *ifr,char *addr){
  struct sockaddr *sa;
  sa=(struct sockaddr *)&(ifr->ifr_addr);
  switch(sa->sa_family){
    case AF_INET6:
      inet_ntop(AF_INET6,(struct in6_addr *)&(((struct sockaddr_in6 *)sa)->sin6_addr),
         addr,INET6_ADDRSTRLEN);
      break;
    default : strcpy(addr,inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr));
    }
   return;
}

main
{
  char netaddr[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
  int sd;
  sd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
  strcpy(ifr.ifr_name,"en0");
  if((ioctl(sd,SIOCGIFADDR,(caddr_t)&ifr,sizeof(struct ifreq)))<0)
     perror("Error : ");
  getip(&ifr,netaddr);
  printf("%s/n",netaddr);
}
      

$./myprog
9.182.192.35
      

				
   for(;cp<cplim;){
        ifr=(struct ifreq *)cp;
        cp+=(sizeof(ifr->ifr_name) + SIZE(ifr->ifr_addr));
        printf("%-9s  ",ifr->ifr_name);
        ret=ioctl(sd,SIOCGIFFLAGS,(caddr_t)ifr);
        if(ret==-1){
          perror("Error getting flags for interface :");
          return ;
        }
        if((ifr->ifr_flags)&IFF_UP)
           printf("UP");
        else printf("DOWN");
        if((ifr->ifr_flags)&IFF_LOOPBACK)
           printf(",Loopback");
	printf("/n");
     }
      

$> ./myprog
en0        UP
en0        UP
en0        UP
sit0       UP
sit0       UP
lo0        UP,Loopback
lo0        UP,Loopback
lo0        UP,Loopback
      

				
	Partial output of ifconfig before setting the flag

sit0: flags=4900041<UP,RUNNING,LINK0,64BIT>
        inet6 ::9.182.192.169/96

Code to set the interface flag 

int set_interface_flag(int sd,short flag,char *interface){
    struct ifreq ifr;
    int oldflags;
    strcpy(ifr.ifr_name,interface);
    if((ioctl(sd,SIOCGIFFLAGS,(caddr_t)&ifr))==-1){
      perror("Error getting interface flags :");
      return -1;
    }
    printf("Setting new interface flag 0X%x/n",flag);
    ifr.ifr_flags|=flag;
    if((ioctl(sd,SIOCSIFFLAGS,(caddr_t)&ifr))==-1){
      perror("Error setting interface flags :");
      return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

main
{
    int sd;
    sd=socket(AF_INET6,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
    set_interface_flag(sd,IFF_NOTRAILERS,"sit0");
}

You must have permission to change the flag

$./myprog
Setting new interface flag 0X20

$ifconfig -a
.............
.............
sit0: flags=4900061<UP,NOTRAILERS,RUNNING,LINK0,64BIT>
        inet6 ::9.182.192.169/96
.............
.............
      

				
        ret=ioctl(sd,SIOCGIFMTU,ifr);
        if(ret==-1){
          perror("Error getting mtu for interface :");
          return ;
        }
        printf("  %d/n",ifr->ifr_mtu);
      

				
/*Function to get the network options*/
int print_network_options(int sd){
    int ret;
    struct optreq1 oreq;
    oreq.getnext=1;
    while((ioctl(sd,SIOCGNETOPT1,(caddr_t)&oreq))!=-1)
    printf("%s = %s/n",oreq.name,oreq.data);
   return 0;
}
      

$> ./myprog
arpqsize = 12
arpt_killc = 20
arptab_bsiz = 7
arptab_nb = 149
........
........
........
........
ifsize = 256
inet_stack_size = 16
ip6_defttl = 64
........
      

				
$> no -a|more
               arpqsize = 12
               arpt_killc = 20
              arptab_bsiz = 7
                arptab_nb = 149
                bcastping = 0
      clean_partial_conns = 0
                 delayack = 0
            delayackports = {}
         dgd_packets_lost = 3
            dgd_ping_time = 5
           dgd_retry_time = 5
       directed_broadcast = 0
         extendednetstats = 0
                 fasttimo = 200
........
........